- iBrarian
Transkript
- iBrarian
NATION-STATE FÜRMATİON: STUDY OF T H E T U R K I S H RtVOLUTION GULALPf HALDUN N. DEGREE UMI DATE: Dissertaton Services 1991 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v INTRODUCTION l CHAPTER 1. CONFLICTING THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES Statemenr of Che Thesis Aiternative PerspecCives Conceptual Framework CHAPTER 7 U 24 2 . CAPITALISM AND THE STATE Incroduccion The Marxian Theory The Weberian Theory Underdeveloped Capicalism and che Scace State as a Formal Institution CHAPTER 26 31 40 49 57 3. THE MODERN NATION-STATE AND THE OTTOMAN EMPİRE Introduction The Rise and the Structure of the Modern State Nacions and Nacionalism The Globalization of the Nation-State The Ottoman Empire and Non-Colonial Transformation CHAPTER 4 . THE CLASSICAL REGIME OF THE OTTOMAN EMPİRE Introduction The L a n d Regime: Feudal or Asiatıc? The Adminiscrative Structure and Social Classes The Dissolucion of the Classical Regime CHAPTER 5. THE TRANSFORMATİON OF THE OTTOMAN 63 64 71 79 .. 88 93 94 .... 105 113 EMPİRE Introduction Aiternative Theses C l a s s e s and che Transformation of che State C l a s s e s and che Transformation of Identity 120 122 137 166 CHAPTER 6. THE KEMALİST "REVOLUTION" AND THE OF THE TURKISH NATION-STATE Introduction T h e War of Liberation Bourgeois Revolution? Antı-Imperialist Revolution? Principles of Kemalism FORMATİON 179 184 194 202 213 CHAPTER 7. CONCLUSION 220 REFERENCES 227 vi il REFERENCES Ahmad, Feroz (1969), The Young T u r k s : The Committee of Union and Progress in Turkish Policics. 1908-1914. Oxford Universıcy Press. Ahmad, Feroz (1980), "Vanguard of a Nascenc Bourgeoisie: The Social and Economic Policy of the Y o u n g Turks, 1908-1918" in 0. Okyar and H. Inalci)^, e d s , Social and Economic Historv of Turkev (1071-1920) , Ankara, 1980. Ahmad, Feroz (1984), "The Late Ottoman Empire" in Marian Kent, ed-, The Great, P o w e r s and the End of the Ottoman Empire, London: George Ailen £ Unwin, 1984. Ahmad, Feroz (1988), "War and Society Under the Turks." Review. 11 (2): 265-86. Young Akat, Asaf S. (1983), "iktisat ideolojisi Üstüne D e n e m e " in A.S. Akat, Alternatif Büyüme Stratejisi, istanbul: iletişim. Aksin, Sina (1977), "Osmanli-Türk Toplumundaki S i n i f Üzerine Bir Deneme," Toplum ve Bilim. 2. Yapisi Alavi, Hamza (1972), "The State in the Post-Colonial Societies: Pakistan and Bangladesh," New Left Review. (74) : 59-81. Alavi, Hamza (1975), "India and t h e Colonial Mode Production," The Socıalist Register. of Alderson, A.D. (1982), The Structure of the ottoman Dynasty, (first published in 1956 by O x f o r d Üniversity Press), Greenwood Press. Amin, Samir (1976), ünegua1 Deve1opment. Review Press. New York: Monthly Amin, Samir, Giovanni Arrighi, A n d r e Gunder Frank and Immanuel Wallerstein (1982), Jynamics of Global Crisis. New York: Monthly Review Press. Anderson, Benedict (1983), Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Soread of Mationalism. London: Verso . 227 Anderson, James (1986), "Nacionalisn and Geography" İn J. Anderson, ed., The Rise of the Hodgrn State. NJ: Humanicies Press International, 1986. Anderson, M . S . <1966) , The Eastern Ouestion. 1774-1923, York; St. Martın's Press. Anderson, Perry (1974), Lineages of the Absolutist London: NLB. New State. Antonio, Robert J. and Ronald M . Glassman, eds, (1985), A Weber~Marx Dialogue, Lavrrence: üniversity Press of .Kansas. Aricanli, Tosun, Raci Bademli, and ilhan Ugurel (1974), "The Abolition of Asar," Mimeo, Cambridge, KA. Armağan, Servet (1978), "Memleketimizde Ilk Parlamento Seçimleri" in Bahri Savci, ed., Kanun-u Esasi'nin 100• Yili (Armağan). Ankara: A.U. SBF Yayınları, 1978. Arthur, Chris J. (1974), "Editor's Introduction" in K. Marx and F. Engels, The German Ideology. (ed. by C.J. A r t h u r ) , Lawrence & Wishart, 1974. Avcioglu, Doğan (1969), Türkiye'nin Düzeni, Ankara: Bilgi Yayinlari. Avineri, Shlomo (1972), Hegel's Theorv of the Modern State, Cambridge: Cambridge Üniversity Press, Aydemir, Şevket Süreyya (1968), inkılap ve Kadro, published in 1932), 2nd printing, Ankara: Yayinlari. Aydemir, Şevket Süreyya (1974), Tek Adam istanbul: Remzi Kitapevi. (first Bilgi (3 V o l s ) , Aydemir, Şevket Süreyya (1976), ikinci Adam istanbul: Remzi Kitapevi. (3 V o l s ) , Bailey, Anne M. and Josep R. Llobera, eds, (1981), The Asiatic Mode of Production, London: Routledge & Kegan P a u l . 8acque-Grammont, J-L. and Paul Dumont, eds, (1983), Economie et Societes dans l'Emoire Ottoman, Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Baer, Gabriel (1969), "The Development of Private Ownership of Land" İn G. Baer, Studies in the Social Historv of Modern Egvpt. Chicago: Üniversity of Chicago Press. 228 Baran, Paul (1957), The Political Economy York: Monthly Review Press. oc Growth. New Barkan, Ömer Lütfi (1938), "Türkiye'de Toprak Meselesinin Tarihi Esaslari" in O.L. Barkan, Türkiye'de Toprak Meselesi, istanbul: Gözlem Yayinlari, 1980. Barkan, Ömer Lütfi (1940), "Türk Toprak Hukuku Tarihinde Tanzimat ve 1274 (1858) Tarihli Arazi Kanunnamesi" in O.L. Sarkan, Türkiye'de Toprak Meselesi, istanbul; Gözlem Yayinlari, 1 9 8 0 . Barkan, Ömer Lütfi (1956), "Türkiye'de 'Servaj' Var m i y d i ? " in O.L. Barkan, Türkiye'de Toprak Meselesi, istanbul: Gözlem Yayinlari, 1980. Barkan, Ömer Lütfi (1980), Türkiye'de istanbul: Gözlem Yayinlari. Toprak Meselesi, BendİK, Reinhard (1964), Nation-Building and Citizenship. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Berberoglu, Berch, ed,, (1989), Power and Stability in the Middle East. London: 2ed B o o k s . Berkes, Niyazi (1964), The Development of Secularism in Turkey, Montreal: McGill Üniversity Press. Berktay, Halil (19B3), "Tarih Calismalari", Cumhuriyet Dgnemi Turkive Ansiklopedisi. V o l . 9, pp.2456-74, istanbul: iletişim Yayinlari. Berktay, Halil (1907), "The Feudalism Debate: The Turkish End — Is 'Tax-vs.-Rent' Necessarily the Product and Sign of a Modal Difference?," Journal of Peasant Studies. 14(3):29l-333. Bernstein, Henry (1971), "Modernization Theory and the Sociological Study of Development," Journal of Deve.lopment Studies. 7{2):141-l6l. Bernstein, Henry (1979), "Sociology of Underdevelopment versus Sociology of Development?" in D. Lehmann (ed.), Development Theory: Four Critical Studies, London: Frank & C a s s . Bettieheim, Charles (1972), "Theoretical Comments" in Arghiri Emmanuei, Unegual Exchanqe. London: New Left Books, 1972. Black, Cyril (1980), "A Comparative Approach to the Preconditions of Ottoman ModernizaCion," International Journal of Turkish Studies. 1(2); 2 5 37. 229 Blaisdell, Donald C. (1929), Şuropear. Financial Control in the Ottoman Empire, New YorJc: Columbia üniversity Press. Bloch, Marc (1961), Feudal Society, Chicago: The üniversity of Chicago Press. Boran, Behice (1968), Türkiye ve Sosyalizm istanbul: Gün Yayinlari. Sorunlari, Boratav, KorJıut (1988), Türkiye iktisat Tarihi. istanbul: Gerçek Yayinevi, Bottomore, Tom (1985), Theories of Modern London: Ailen and Unwın. 1908-1985, Capitalism, Braude, Benjamin and Bernard Lewis, eds, (1982), Çhriştians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire, V o l . 1, New York: Holmes and Meier. Brenner, Robert (1977), "On the Origins of Capitalist Development: A Critigue of Neo-Smithian Marxism," Hew Left Review. (104): 25-92. Breuilly, John (1982), Nationalism and the. State, Manchester: üniversity of Manchester Press. Brewer, Anthony (1980), Marxist Theories of Imoerialism: A Critical Survey, London: Routledge s Kegan Paul. Carnoy, Martin (1984), The State and Political Theorv. Princeton: Princeton Universıty Press. Carr, E. H. (1945), Nationalism and After, Macmillan. London; Cin, Halil (1985), Osmanli Toprak Düzeni ve 3u Düzenin Bozulması, istanbul: Boğaziçi Yayinlari. Connor, Walker (1984), The National Ouestion in M a r x i s t Leninist Strategy, Princeton: Princeton Üniversity Press. Cunningham, A. (1968), "Stanford Canntng and the Tanzimat" in w.R. Polk and R.L. Chambers, e d s , Beginnings of Modernization in the Middle East, Chicago; Üniversity of Chicago Press, 1968. Curtin, Philip (1966), "Nationalism in Africa, Review of Politics. 28(2):143-53. 1945-65," Danilov, V. I. (1981), "Kemalism and World Peace" in E. Ozbudun and A. Kazancigil, eds, Atatürk:,, Foupder o: a Modern State, London: C . Hurst and Company, 1981. 230 Davison, Roderic H. <1963), Reform in the Otcoman Empire, 1856-1876, Princeton: Princeton Üniversity Press. Davison, Roderic H. (1964), "Environmental and Foreign Contributions: TurScey" in R.E. Ward and D.A. Rustow, eds, Political Modernization in Japan and Turkey. Princeton: Princeton üniversity Press, 1964. Davison, Roderic H. (1968), Prentice-Hall. Turkev, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Davison, Roderic H. (1977), "Nationalism as an Ottoman Problem and the Ottoman Response" in Haddad, w.w. and w. Ochsenwald, e d s , Nationalism in a NonMational State: The Dissçiution of the Ottoman Empire, Columbus: Ohio üniversity Press, 1977. DaMn, Ernest (1973), From Ottomanism to Arabism, Üniversity of Illinois Press. O'Encausse, H.C. and S.R. Schramm liOndon: Al len Lane. Urbana: (1969), Marxism and Asia, DevereuK, Robert (1963), The First Ottoman Conscitutignal Period. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, Divitcioglu, Sencer (1969), Toplumu, istanbul. Asva üretim Tarzi ve Osmanli Dobb, Maurice (1963), SCudies in che Development of Capitalism, (first published in 1 9 4 6 ) , New York; International Publishers. Drabkin, I.S. and B.F. Porshnev (1974), "Bourgeois Revolution" in Great Soviet Encvclopedia, vol.4, pp.44-46, London, New York: Macmillan. Dyson, Kenneth F.K. (1980), The State Tradition Europe, Oxford: Martin Robertson, Elicin, Emin T. (1965), Kemalist Devrim istanbul: Ant Yayinlari. in western ideolojisi, Engels, Frederick (1384), The Origin of the Familv, Private Procertv and the State, New York: International Publishers, 1972. Engels, Frederick (1895), "Introduction" to K. Harx, The Class SCrugales in France, 1848-1850, New York: International Publishers, 1976. Evans, Peter, Dietrich Rueschmeyer and Theda 231 Skocpol, eds, (1985), Bringing che State Back In. Cambridge: Cambridge üniversity Press. Findley, Carter v. (1980), Bureaucratıc Reform in the Ottoman Empire: The Sublime Porte. 1789-1922. Princeton: Princeton Üniversity Press. Findley, Carter V. (1982), "The Acid Test of Ottomanism: The Acceptance of Non-Huslims in the Late Ottoman Bureaucracy" in B. Braude and B. Lewis, eds, Christıans and Jews in the Ottoman Empire, V o l . 1, New York: Holmes and Meier. Foster-Carter, Aidan (1974), "Neo-Marxist Approaches to Development and Underdevelopment" in E. de Kadt and G. Williams, eds, Sociology and Development. London: Tavistock. Foster-Carter, Aidan (1978), "The Modes of Production Controversy," New Left Review, (107): 47-77. Frank, Andre Gunder (1967), Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America, New York: Monthly Revlew Press. Frank, Andre Gunder (1969), "Sociology of Underdevelopment and Underdevelopment of Sociology" in A.G. Frank, Latin America: Underdevelopment or Revolution, New York: Monthly Review Press. Friedman, Milton (1982), Capitalism and Freedom, Chicago: Üniversity of Chicago Press. Fromm, Erich Row. (1976), To Have or To Be?, New York: Harper & Geliner, Ernest (1964), Thought and Change, Weidenfeld and Nicolson. London: Geliner, Ernest (1983), Nations and Nationalism. Basil Blackwell. Oxford: Gerber, Haim (1987), The Social Origins of the Modfrr^ Middle East, Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Reiner Publishers. Gerth, H.H. and C.W. Mills, eds, (1946), From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, oxford üniversity Press, 1946, Giddens, Anthony (1981), A Contemporarv Critigue of Historical Materialism. London: Macmillan. Giddens, Anthony (1985), The Nation-State and Violence, Polity Press. 232 Giddens, Anthony (1991), Introduction co Sociology, Yoric: W.W. Norton « Co. New Goldstone, Jack (1986a), "Introduction: The Comparative and Historical Study of Revolutions" in J. Goldstone, ed., Revolutions: Theoretical. Comparative and Historical Studies, New York: HBJ Publishers, 1986. Goldstone, Jack, ed., (1986b), Revolutions: Theoretical, Comparative and Historical Studies, New York: HBJ Publishers. Gordon, Alec (1973), "The Theory of Che 'Progressive' National Bourgeoisie," Journal of Contemporarv Asia, 3 ( 2 ) : 192-204. Gramsci, Antonio (1971), Selections from Prison Notebooks, (ed. by Q. Hoare and G.N. Smıch), London: Lawrence and Wishart. Gülalp, Haldun (1983), Gelişme Stratejileri ve Gelişme ideolojileri, Ankara: Yurt Yayinlari. Gülalp, Haldun (1987), "Capital Accumulation, Classes and the Relative Autonomy of the State," Science and Society. 51 (3): 287-313. Gülalp, Haldun (1968a), "Nationalism, Statism and the Turkish Revolution: An Early 'Dependency' Theory," Review of Middle Sast Studies. ( 4 ) : 69-85. Gülalp, Haldun (1988b), "Capital Accumulation and the State" in M. Williams, ed., Value, Social Form the State, London: Macmillan. Gürsel, and Seyfettin (1983), "Osmanli Toplumsal Yapisi ve Kapitalizm," Yapit. (1): 19-35. Helmreich, Paul (1974), From Paris to Serves: The Partitlon of the Ottoman Empire at the Peace Conference of 1919-1920. Columbus: Ohio Üniversity Press. Heper, Metin (1976), "Political Modernization as Reflected in Bureaucracic Change: the Turkish Bureaucracy and a 'Historical Bureaucracic Empire' Tradition," International Journal of Middle Sast Studies. 7 ( 4 ) : 507-521. Heper, Metin (1979), "Patrimonialism in t h e Ottoman Turkish Public Bureacracy," Aslan and African Studies. 13(1) : 3-21. Hill, Chriscopher (1976), The English .Revolution. 1640. London: Lawrence & Wishart. 233 Hobsbavm, Eric J. (1962), Mentor Books. The Age of Revolutıion. 1789-1846, Hobsbavm, Eric J. (1975), The Aoe of Capital, 184B-1875, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. Howard, Harry N. (1931), The PartiCıon of Tur-cey: A Piplomatic Historv. 1913-1923, Norman: Üniversity of Oklahoma Press. inalcık, Halil (1964), "The Nature of Traditional Society: Turkey" in R.E. Ward and D,A. Rustow, eds, Political Hodernization in Japan and Turkev, Princeton: Princeton üniversity Press, 1964. Inalcik, Halil (1971/73), "The Periods of Development of the Idea of Republic in Turkey," Cultura Turcica. (8-10): 6-9. Inalcik, Halil (1977), "Centralization and Decentralization in Ottor.an Adminıstration" in Thomas Naff and Roger Owen (eds), Studies in Eighteenth Century Islamic Historv, Carbondale: Southern Illinois üniversity Press. Inalcik, Halil (1980), "Military and Fiscal Transformation in the Ottoman Empire, 1600-1700," Archivum Ottomanicum, VI (Reprinted in: Halil Inalcik, Studies in Ottoman Social and Economic Historv. London: Variorum Reprints, 1985). Inalcik, Halil {1985a), "The Emergence of Big Farms, Ciftliks: State, Landlords and Tenants" in H. Inalcik, Studies in Ottoman Social and Economic Historv, London: Variorum Reprints. Inalcik, Halil {1985t), Studies in Ottoman Social and Economic Historv. London: Variorum Reprints. Inalcik, Halil (1987), "When and How British Cotton Goods Invaded the Levant Markets" in H. Islamoglu-Inan, ed., The Ottoman Empire and the World-Eccnomv, Cambridge: Cambridge Üniversity Press, 1987, Ilslaraoglu)-inan. Huri (1983), "Osmanli Tarihi ve Dünya Sistemi: Bir Değerlendirme," Toplum ve Bilim. (23): 9-39. Islamoglu-Inan, Huri (1987a), "Introduction: 'Orientai Despotism" in World-System Perspective" in H. Islamoglu-Inan, ed., The Ottoman Empire and the World-Economv, Cambridge; Cambridge üniversity Press, 1987. Islamoglu-Inan, Huri, ed., (1987b), The Ottoman Empire 234 and the World-Economv, Press. Cambridge: Cambridge Isiaraoglu, Huri and Cağlar Keyder Ottoman History," Review. Üniversity (1977), "Agenda for 1 ( 1 ) : 31-55. Issawi, C h a r l e s (1982), "The Transformation of the Economic Position of the Millets in the Nineteenth Century" in B. Braude and B. Lewis, eds, Christians and J e w s in the Ottoman Empire. Vol. 1, Kew York: Holmes and Meier, 1982. Issawı, Charles, ed., (1966) The Economic Historv of the Middle East. 1800-1914. Chicago: Üniversity of Chicago Press. Issawı, Charles (1974), "The Ottoman Empire in the European Economy, 1600-1914" in K. Karpat, ed., The Ottoman State and its Place in World Historv. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1974. Issairfi, C h a r l e s (1980), "De-Induscrialization and R e Industrialization in the Middle East since 1800," International,_Jpurnal of Middle East Studies. 12 (4) :469-79. Jessop, Bob (1978), "Capitalism and Oemocracy: The Best Possible Political Shell?" in G. Littiejohn, et. a l . , eds, Power and the State. London, 1978. Jessop, Bob (1982), The Capitalist Robertson. State. Oxford: Martin Karai, Enver Ziya (1981), "The Principles of Kemalism" in E. Ozbudun and A. Kazancigil, eds, Ataturlc: Founder of a Modern State. London: C. Hurst and Company, 1981. Karal, Enver Ziya (1982), "Non-Muslim Representatives in the First Constitutional Assembly, 1376-1877" in 8. Braude and B. Lewis, eds, Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire. Vol. 1, New Y o r k : Holmes and Meier, 1982. Karpat, Kemal (1959), Turkev's Politics. Princeton tJniversity Press. Karpat, Kemal (1968), "The Land Regime, Social Structure and Modernization in the Ottoman Empire" in W.R. Polk and R.L. Chambers, eds, Beginnings of Modernization in the Middle East. 1963. Karpat, Kemal (1972), "The Transformation of the Ottoman State, 1789-1908," International Journal of Middle East Studies. 3 ( 3 ) : 2 4 3 - 2 8 1 . 235 Karpat, Kemal (1973), An Ingulrv into the Social Foundations of Nationalism in the Ottoman State. Princeton Üniversity, Center of International Studies, Research Monograph, No.39. Karpat, Kemal {1974a), "The Stages of Ottoman History" in K. Karpat, ed., The Ottoman State and Its Place in World Historv. Leiden: E.J. Brıll, 1974. Karpat, Kemal, ed,, (1974b), The Ottoman State and Its P l a c e in World Historv, Leiden: E.J. B r i l l . Karpat, Kemal (1977), "Some Historical and Methodological Considerations Concerning Social Stratification in the Middle East" in C.A.O. Van Nieuwenhuijze, ed., Commoners, Climbers and Hotables, Leiden: E,J. Brill. Karpat, Kemal (1982), "Millets and Nationality: The Roots of Incongruity of Nation and State in the PostOttoman Era" in B. Braude and B. Lewis, eds, Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire, Vol. 1, Ne» Yorlc: Holmes and Meier. Kasaba, Reşat (1987), "Incorporation of the Ottoman 1750-1820," Review. 10(5/6): 805-847. Empire, Kasaba, Reşat (1988), The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy, The Nineteenth Century, Albany: SUNY Press. Kasaba, Reşat (1988a), "Was There a Comprador Bourgeoisie in Mid-Nineteenth Century Western Anatolia?, " Review. 11 (2): 215-228. Kay, Geoffrey (1975), Development and London: Macmillan. Underdevelopment, Kay, Geoffrey (1988), "Right and Force: A Marxist Critigue of Contract and the State" in M. Williams, ed., Value. Social Form and the State, London: Macmillan. Kay, Geoffrey and James Mott (1982), Political Order and the Law of Labour, London: Macmiİlan. Keane, John (1988), Democracy and Civil Societv, Verso. London: .Kedourie, Elie (1956), England and the Middle East: The Destructıon of the Ottoman Smo-re, 1914-1921, London: Bowes î Bowes. Kemp, Tom (1967), Theories of Impç^ialism, 236 London. Keyder, Cağlar (1976), "The Dissolution of Che Asiatic Mode of Production," Economy & Societv. 5 ( 2 ) : 178-196. Keyder, Cağlar (1979), "The Political Economy of Turlcish Democracy," Hew Left Review, (115): 3-44. Keyder, Cağlar (1980), "Ottoman Economy and Finances (18811918)" in O. Oîcyar and H. Inalcilc, eds, Social and Economic History of TurHev (1071-1920). An)cara, 1980. Keyder, Cağlar (1981), The Definitıon of a Peripheral Economy: Tu rkev. 1923-1929. Cambridge: Cambridge üniversity Press. Keyder, Cağlar Verso. (1987) , State and Clasş in Turlçey, London: Keyder, Cağlar (1988), "Bureaucracy and Bourgeoisie; Reform and Revolution in the Age of Imperialism," Review, 11(2): 151-165. Kiernan, Victor G. (1980), State and Society in Europe, 1550-1650, Oxford: Basil Blac)cwell. Kili, Suna (1978), "1876 Anayasisi'nin Çağdaşlaşma Acisindan Değerlendirilmesi" in Bahri Savci, ed., Kanun-u Esasi'nin 100. Yili (Arnagan) , A n k a r a : A.U. SBF Yayinlari, 1978. King, Roger (1986), The State Macmillan. in Modern Societv. London: Kinross, Lord (1965), Atatürk: A Biography of Mustafa Kemal, Tather of Modern Turkev. New York: William and Morrow Co. Kongar, Emre (1977), "Devletçilik ve Günümüzdeki Sonuciari" in riTIA Mezunları Derneği, Atatürk Döneminin Ekonomik ve Toplumsal Sorunlari Semineri, istanbul. Kushner, Oavid (1977), The Rise of Turkish 1876-1908. London: Frank C a s s . Nationalism. Kuran, Ercümend (1968), "The Impact of Nationalism on the Turkish Elite in the Nineteenth Century" in W.R, Polk and R.L. Chambers, eds, Beginnings of Modernization in the Middle East. Chicago: üniversity of Chicago Press, 1968. Kucük, Yalcın (1978), Türkiye Üzerine Tezler. 1908-1978. istanbul: Tekin Yayinevi. Kücükömer, Idris (1969), Düzenin Yabancilasmasi: Batilasma. 237 istanbul: Ant Yayinlari. Laciner, Ömer 34 . (1975), "12 Mart Üzerine," Birikim. Laclau, Ernestc (1971), "Feudalism and Capitalism America, " M e w Left Review. (67) : 19-38. 2(8): 14- in Latin Ladas, Stephen P. (1932), The £xchanqe of Minorities: Bulgaria, Greece and Turkev, New York: The Macmillan C o . Lall, S. (1975), "Is 'Dependence' a Useful Concept in Analysing (Jnderdevelopment?/" World Development, 3 (11/12) . Landen, Robert G, (1970), The Emergence of the Modern Middle East, New Yorit: Litton Educational Publishing Inc. Lenin, viadimir I. (1917), The State and Revolution, (various e d i t i o n s ) , New Y o r k : International Publishers. Levis, Bernard (1968), The Emergence of Modern Turkev, 2nd ed., Oxford Üniversity P r e s s . Lichtheim, George (1971), From Marx to Hegel, New York: Herder and Herder. Littiejohn, Gary, et.al, e d s , (1978), Power and the State, London, 1978. Löwith, Kari (1982), Max Weber and Kari Marx (first published in 1932 - translated by Hans Fantel; edited by Tom Bottomore and William Ouchwaite), London; George Ailen and Unwin. Löwy, Michael (İ976), "Marxists and the National tJew Left Review, (96): 81-100. Ouestion," Löwy, Michael (1981), The Politics of Combined and Uneven Development: The Theorv of Permanent Revolution, London: NLB. Macpherson, C . B. (1964), The Political Theory of Possessive îndividualism, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Mardin, Şerif (1969), "Power Civil Society and Culture in the Ottoman Empire," Comparative Studies in Societv and Historv. 11: 258-281. Mardin, Şerif (1971), "Ideology and Reiigion in the Turkish Revolution," Ipternational Journal o f Middle East Studies. 2 ( 3 ) : 197-211. 238 Mardin, Şerif (1973), "Center-Periphery Relations: A Key to Turkish Politics?," Daedalus. 102(1): 169-190. Mardin, Şerif (1981), "Reiigion and Secularism in Turkey" in E. Ozbudun and A. Kazancigil, eds, Atatürk: Founder of a Modern State. London: C. Hurst and Company, 1981. Marx, Kari (1894), Caoıtal. vol.3, N e w York: Publishers, 1976. Marx, Kari and Frederick Engels (1848), The Communist Manifesco. New York: International Publishers, 1983. Marx, Kari and Frederick Engels (1974), The German Ideology, (ed. by C.J. A r t h u r ) , Lawrence & wishart. Marx, Kari and Frederick Engels Moscow: Progress. International (1974a), On Colonialism, Masters, Bruce (1990), "The 1850 Events in Aleppo: An Aftershock of Syria's Incorporation into the Capitalist World System," International Journal of Middle East Studies. 2 2 ( 1 ) : 3-20. HcGowan, Bruce (1981), Economic Life in Ottoman Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge Üniversity Press. Moore, Barrington (1966), Social Origins of Dict^t;orship and Democracy. Boston: Beacon Press. Mortimer, Edward (1982), Faith and P o w e r : the Politics of islam, London: Faber and F a b e r . Naff, Thomas (1977), "Ottoman Diplomatic Relations with Europe in t.he Eighteenth Century: Patterns and Trends" in T. Naff and R. Owen, eds, Studies in Eighteenth Century Islamic Historv. Carbondale: Southern Illinois Üniversity Press. Naff, Thomas and Roger Owen, eds., (1977), studies in Eighteenth Century Islamic History. Carbondale: Southern Illinois Üniversity P r e s s . Nairn, Tom (1975), "The Modern J a n u s , " New Left (94) : 3-29. Review. Navari, Cornelia (1981), "The Origins of the Nation-State" in L. Tivey, ed., The Nation State: The Formation of .Modern Politics. Oxford: Martin Robertson, 1981. Nimni, Ephraim (1985), "Great Historical Failure: Marxist 239 Theories of Nationalism," Capical and Class. (25): 59-83. Okyar, Osman (19801, "Ottoman Economic Growth During the 16th Century" in O. Okyar and H. Inalcik, eds, Social and Economic Historv of Turkev (1071-1920). Ankara, 1980. Okyar, Osman (1983), "A New Look at the Recent Political, Social and Economic Historiography of the Tanzimat' in J-L Bacgue-Grammont and ?. Dumont, eds, (1983), Economie et Societes dans l'Emoire Ottoman, Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1983 Okyar, Osman and Halil Inalcik, eds, (1980), Social and Economic Historv of Turkev (1071-1920), Ankara. Orcayli, Ilber (1987), imparatorluğun En Uzun Yuzyili. 2nd ed., istanbul: Hil Yayinlari . Owen, Roger (1981), The Middle East in the World 180,0-1.914, London: Methuen . Ökcün, Gündüz, ed., (1968), Türkiye.iktisat — izmir. Ankara: SBF Yayinlari. Önder, Economy, Kongresi, 1923 izzettin (1981), "Aşarin Kaldiriimasi," Toplum ve Bilim, 13. Ozbudun, Ergun and Ali Kazancigil, eds, (1981), Atatürk:, Founder of a Modern State, London: C. Hurst and Company . Palma, Gabriel (1978), "Dependency: A Formal Theory of Underdevelopment or a Methodology for the Analysis of Concrete Situations of Underdevelopment?," World Development. 6 ( 7 / 8 ) : 881-924. Pamuk, Şevket (1987), The Ottoman Empire and European Capitalism, 1820-1913, Cambridge: Cambridge Üniversity Press. Pamuk, Şevket (1988), "The Ottoman Empire in Comparative Perspective," Review, 11(2): 127-149. Pelczynski, Z.A. (1984a), "Introduction: The Significance of Hegel's Separation of the State and Civil Society" in Z.A. Pelczynski, ed., The State and Civil Societv: Studies in Hecel's Political Philosophv. Cambridge: Cambridge üniversity Press, 1984 . Pelczynski, Z.A., ed., (1984b), The State and Civil Socj.etv: Sgudies in Hegel's Political y'hilosophv, 240 Cambridge: Cambridge üniversity Perincek, Dogu (1979), Kemalist Devrim. Aydinlik Yayinlari. Press. 2nd ed., istanbul: Perincek, Dogu (1986), Osmanli'dan Bugüne Toplum ve Devlet, istanbul: Kaynak Yayinlari . Petras, James and Stephen Gundle (1982), Structuralist State Theorizing," Crises, 6 ( 2 ) : 161-182. "A Critigue of Contemporarv Petras, James and Morris H. Morley (1981), "The U.S. Imperial State" in J. Petras, Class, State, and Power in the Third World. London: Zed Press. Pflanze, Otto (1966), "Nationalism in Europe, 1848-1871," Review of Politics. 2 8 ( 2 ) . Phillips, Anne (1977), "The Concept of 'Development'," Revıew of African Political Economy. 6. Phillips, Peter D . and Immanuel Wailecstein (1980), "National and World Identities and the Interstate System," Mimeo: Fernand Braudel Center, State Üniversity of New York at Binghamton. Poggi, Gianfranco (1978), The Development State, London: Hutchinson. of the Modern Polanyi, Kari (1944), The Great Transformation, Beacon. Boston: Polk, Nilliam R. and Richard L. Chambers, eds, (1968), Beginnings of Modernization in the Middle East, Chicago: Üniversity of Chicago Press. Poulantzas, Nicos (1973), Political Power and Soci^al Classes, London: NLB. Poulantzas, Nicos NLB. (1974), Fascism and Dictatorship. London: Poulantzas, Nicos (1976), The Crisis of the Dictatorships. London: NLB. Puryear, V. J. (1969), International Eçonomics and Diplomacv in the Near East, Archon B o o k s . Ouataert, Donald (1979), "The 1908 Young Turk Revolution: Old and New Approaches," Middle East Studies Association Sulletin. 1 3 ( 1 ) : 22-29. Ouataert, Donald (1980), "The Commercialization of Agriculture in Ottoman Turkey, 1800-1914," 241 Incernacional Journal of Turkish Studies, 1 ( 2 ) : 3855. Ouacaert,, Donald (19B3) , Social Disincegracion and Popular Resistance in the Ottoman Empire, 1881-190,8: Reactions no European Economic Penetration. New York: NYU Press. Ouataert, Donald (1988), "Ottoman Handicrafts and Industry in the Age of Imperialism," Review, 1 1 ( 2 ) : 169-178. RoKborough, lan (1979), Ttıeories of London: Macmillan. Underdevelopment, Russell, James w, (1985), "Method, Analysis, and Politics in Max Weber: Disentangling Marxian Affinities and Differences, " Historv of Political Economy, 17 (4) : 575-590. Saba, Paul (1989), "The Armenian National Question" in Berch Berberoglu, ed., Power and stability in the Middle East, London: 2ed Books. Said, Edward w. Books. (1978), Orientaiism, New York: Pantheon Sarc, Ömer Celal (1966), "The Tanzimat and O u r Industry" in C. Issawi, ed., The Economic Historv of the Middle past, 1800-1914. Chicago : Üniversity of Chicago Press, 1966. Savci, Bahri, ed., (1978), Kanun-u Esasi'nin 100. Yili jArmaganl, Ankara: A.U. SBF Yayinlari. Savran, Sungur (1985), "Osmanli'dan Cumhuriyet' e: Türkiye'de Burjuva Devrimi Sorunu," 1 1 . Tez, ( 1 ) : 172-214. Schmoller, Gustav (1884), The Mercantile Svstem and its Historical Signifİ,cance, Augustus H. Kelly, 1967 . Seton-Watson, Hugh (1964), London: Methuen. Nationalism and Communism, Seton-Watson, Hugh (1977), Nations and States, C o l o : Westview Press. Boulder, Shaw, Stanford J. (1968), "Some Aspects of the Aims and Achievements of the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Reformers" in W.R. Polk and R.L, Chambers, eds, Beginnings of Modernization in the M i d d l e East, Chicago: Üniversity of Chicago Press. Shaw, Stanford J. (1971), Between Old and New: The Ottoman 242 Empire Under Sultan Selim III. 1789-1807. Cambridge, MA: Harvard üniversity Press. Skocpol, Theda and Ellen K. Trimberger (1977-78), "Revolutions and the World-.4istorical Development of Capitalism," Serkelev Journal of Sociology. (22): 101-113. Skocpol, Theda (1979), States and Social Revolutions. Cambridge: Cambridge Üniversity P r e s s . Skocpol, Theda (1985), "Bringing the State Back In: Strategies of Analysis in Current Research" in P. Evans, D. Rueschemeyer and T. Skocpol, eds, Bringing the State Back In. Cambridge: Cambridge üniversity Press, 1985. Smith, Anthony D . (1971), Theories of Nationalism, Duckworth. London: Smith, Anthony D. (1983), State and Nation in the Third Wojrld. Brighton; Mheatsheaf B o o k s . Soboul, A. (1977), A Short Historv of the French Revolution. 178 9-1799, (translated by Geoffrey Symcox), Berkeley: Üniversity of California Press. Stokes, Gale (1979-80), "Dependency and t h e Rise of Nationalism in Southeast Europe, " International Journal of Turkish Studies, 1 ( 1 ) : 54-67. Sunar, ilkay (1987), "State and Economy in the Ottoman Empire" in H. Islamoglu-Inan, ed., The Ottoman Empire and the World- Economy. C a m b r i d g e : Cambridge üniversity Press, 1987. Tekeli, ilhan and Gencay Saylan (1978), "Türkiye'de Halkcilik ideolojisinin Evrimi," Toplum ve Bilim. 6/7. Therborn, Göran (1977), "The Rule of Capital and the Rise of Democracy," New Left Review, (103): 3-41. Therborn, GÖran (1978), What Does the Ruling Class Do When It Rules?. London: NLB. Tigar, Michael E. and Madeleine R. Levy (1977), Law and the Rise of Capitalism, New York: Monthly Review Press. Tilly, Charles (1975a), "Reflections on t h e History of European State-Making" in C. Tilly, ed., The Formation of National States İn Mestern Europe, Princeton: Princeton üniversity Press, 1975. 243 Tilly, Charles, ed., (1975b}, The Formation of Naçional States in Western Burope, Princeton: Princeton üniversity Press. Tilly, Charles (19851, "War Making and State Making as Organized Crime" P. Evans, D. Rueschemeyer and T. Skocpol, eds, Bringing the State Back In, Cambridge: Cambridge üniversity Press, 1985. Timur, Taner (1986), Osmanli Kimliği, istanbul: Hil Yayin. Tivey, Leonard (1981), "Introduction" in L. Tivey, ed., The Nation State: The Formation of Modern Politics, Oxford: Martin Robertson. Toprak, Zafer (1977), "Halkcilik ideolojisinin Oluşumu" in IITIA Mezunları Derneği, Atatürk Döneminin Ekonomik ve Toplumsal Sorunlari Semineri, istanbul. Toprak, Zafer (1982), Türkiye'de 'Milli iktisat' 1 9 1 8 ) . Ankara: Yurt Yayinlari. (1908- Trimberger, Ellen K. (1978), Revolution From Above: Militarv Bureaucrats and Development in Sgvpt, Peru, Turkev and Japan. New Brunswick: Transaction. Trimberger, Ellen K. (1986), "A Theory of Elite Revolutions" in J. Goldstone, ed., Revol,utions_: Theoretical, Comparative and Historical Studies, New York: HBJ Publishers, 1986. Tucker, Robert C , ed., (1978), The Marx-Enqels Reader, Mew York: W.W. Norton & Co. Tuncay, Mete (1978), Türkiye'de Sol Akımlar 3rd ed., Ankara: Bilgi Yayinlari. (1908-1925). Turner, Bryan S. (1974), "islam and Ottoman Decline" in B . S . Turner, Weber and islam: A Critica,!, Ştudv. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. VİeuK, Steve (1988), "Containing the Class Struggle: Skocpol on Revolution," Studies in Political Economv. (27): 87-111. Hallerstein, Immanuel (1974), The Modern World-Sv5tem I, New York: Academic Press. Wallerscein, Immanuel (1980), "The Ottoman Empire and che Capitalist World-Economy: Some Ouestions for Research" in O. Okyar and H. Inalcik, eds, Social and Economic Historv of Turkey (1071-1920), Ankara, 1980. 244 Wailerstein, Immanuel (1982), "Crisis as T r a n s i c i o n " in Samir Amin, ec. al., Dynamics of Global Crisis, New York: Monthly Review Press. Wallerstein, Immanuel <198'1) , The Politics of the WorldEconomy, Cambridge: Cambridge Üniversity Press. Wallerstein, Immanuel (1989), The Modern World-Svstem III, New York: Academic Press. Wallerstein, Immanuel and Reşat Kasaba (1963), "Incorporation into the World-Economy: Change in the Structure of the Ottoman Empire, 1"Î50-1839" in J-L. Bacgue-Grammont and P. Dumont, eds, Economie çt Societes dans l'Emoire Ottoman, Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1 9 8 3 . Ward, Robert E. and Dankwart A. Rustow, eds, (1964), Political Modernization in Jaoan and Turkev, Princeton: Princeton üniversity Press, 1964 . Warren, Bili (1980), Imperialism: The Pioneer of Capitalism, London: NLB. Warriner, D . (1966), "Land Tenure in the Fertile Crescent" in C. rssawi, ed., The Economic Historv of the Middle East, 1800-1914. Chicago: üniversity of Chicago Press, 1966. Weber, Max (1946), "Politics as a Vocation" in H.H. Gerth and C.W. Mills, e d s , From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, Oxfocd üniversity Press, 1946. Weber, Max (1946a), "Class, Status, and Party" in H.H. Gerth and C.w. Mills, eds, From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, Oxford Universıcy Press, 1946. Weber, Max (1946b), "Structures of Power" in H.H. Gerth and C.W. Mills, eds, From Hax Weber: Essays in Sociology, Oxford Üniversity Press, Weber, Max (1958), The Protestant Ethıc and the Spirit of Capitalism, (translated and edited by Talcott Parsons), New York: Charles Scribner's S o n s . Weber, Max (1978), Economv and Socyetv. (ed. by G. Roth and C. Wittich), Berkeley: üniversity of California Press. Weber, Max (1978a), "Bureaucracy" in M. Weber, Economv and Societv, (ed. by G. Roth and C. H i t t i c h ) , Berkeley: üniversity of California Press, 1978. Weber, Max (197ab), "Patriarchalism and Patrimonialism" in M. Weber, Economy and Societv. (ed. by G. Roth and 246 C. Wiccich}, Berkeley: üniversity of California Press, 1978. Weber, Hax {1978c), "Feudalism, Standestaat and Patrimonialism" in M. Weber, Economv and Societv. (ed. by G. Roth and C. Wittich), Berkeley: üniversity of California Press, 1978. WicJtham, Chris (1985), "The Uniqueness of the East," Journal of Peasant Studies. 12{2/3) : 166-196. Hiley, Norbert (1987a), "Introduction" in N . Wiley, ed., The Marx-Weber Debate, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. Wiley, Norbert, ed., {1987b), The Marx-Weber Debate. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. Williams, Michael, ed., (1988), Value. Social Form and the State, London: Macmillan. Wolpe, Harold, ed., Production, Wood, (1980), The Articulation of Modes of London: Routledge i Kegan Paul. Ellen M. (1981), "The Separation of the Economic and the Political in Capitalism," New Left Review, (127): S6-9S. Horsley, Peter (1967), The Third World. 2nd ed., Chicago: Üniversity of Chicago Press. Worsley, Peter (1981), The Three VJorlds. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. Wright, Erik O. (1978), "Bureaucracy and the State" in E.O Wright, Class, Crisis and the State. London: NLB. Wright, Erik O. (1980), "Varietıes of Marxist Conceptions of Class Structure," Politics and Societv. 9 ( 3 ) : 323-370. Yerasimos, Stefanos (1987), "The Monoparty Period" in I.C. Schick and E.A. Tonak, eds, Turkev in Transition. New Yor)c: Oxford üniversity Press. Ziemann, W. and M. Lanzendorfer (1977), "The State in Peripheral Societies," The Socialist Register. 143-177. Zubaida, Sami (1978), "Theories of Nationalism" in G. Littiejohn, et. al., eds, Ppwer and the State, London. 246
Benzer belgeler
Miami Dade College
aga$rda yer alan alanlarda, belirtilen faaliyetlerde ve kararlagttrrlan sayrlarda, dSrenci ve titretim
elemanr de$giminde bulunmaya karar veten kurumlar olarak, Mevlana Detigim Programt
kapsamrnda ...