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ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL
04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 1 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Last Week What is “History of Architecture”? What are the scopes/subjects/tools of History of Architecture? History – Art History- Architectural History – Archeology ... Are they ALL the same? Why is this course compulsory? What are the objectives/expectations of the course? How is the course structured? 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 2 1 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Today How it all began. The Paleolithic and Neolithic Ages 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 3 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK B.C. stands for Before Christ A.D. stands for Anno Domini, which is Latin for "year of our Lord," and it means the number of years since the time of Jesus Christ. B.C.E. stands for Before the Common Era (=B.C.) C.E. stands for Common Era (=A.D.) b.p. stands for before present c. or ca. stands for circa (latin) which means approximately, around Prehistoric (=before) Proto-Hittite (=before) Post-modernism (=after) 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 4 2 04.10.2012 Australopithecus Homo Habilis Homo Erectus Homo Neanderthal Homo Sapiens Paleolithic Mesolithic Neolithic Figure taken from Roth 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 5 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK PART I Old Stone Age 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 6 3 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 7 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 8 4 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Roth 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 9 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 10 5 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 11 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 12 6 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 13 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 14 7 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 15 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Horse, c. 15.000 – 10.000 B.C. Figure taken from Gombrich (fig. 20) 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 16 8 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Bison, c. 15.000 – 10.000 B.C. Figure taken from Gombrich (fig.19) 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 17 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 18 9 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK PART II New Stone Age – Neolithic Revolution 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 19 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 20 10 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Megaliths 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 21 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Megaliths are giant stones Menhir is the name given for the single upright stone in mid-space. Stone allignments Stone circle 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 22 11 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 23 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 24 12 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 25 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Menhir- directional foci – rotational foci Stone allignments – boundary architecture Stone circle - boundary architecture 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 26 13 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Göbeklitepe, Şanluurfa, 12.000 b.p. Figure taken from http://canerfidaner.wordpress.com 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 27 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Trachtenberg 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 28 14 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Tombs 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 29 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 30 15 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Tombs Forms of tombs are: Dolmen (megalithic techniques: like building a house with cards). Gallery grave (megalithic techniques: use of row of upright slabs) Passage grave made by corbelling (cohesion of many boulders of varying size) & cyclopean masonry (irregular courses) 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 31 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 32 16 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Moffett 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 33 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Trachtenberg 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 34 17 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Stonehenge (ca. 2750 – 1500 B.C.) 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 35 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 36 18 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 37 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 38 19 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 39 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 40 20 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Moffett 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 41 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Moffett 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 42 21 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Trilithon (trilith) Figure taken from Trachtenberg 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 43 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK PART III Urban Revolution 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 44 22 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK “So at the very same time in history, in two separate corners of the ancient world, different patterns of community were in existence. While Neolithic Europe carried on a stone-using peasant economy well into the second millennium B.C., in two spots of the Near East there were contemporary literate cultures that knew how to work metal, organize food production as an industry, and keep written records of their transactions and beliefs. They had left their Neolithic past behind them long before Europe and had gone on to forge a complex society of great technological achievement and material wealth. With these two literate cultures, Egypt and Mesopotamia, history proper said to begin, as distinct from the document-free prehistory of the Stone Age.” (Kostof, 1995, 43) 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 45 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 46 23 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK “To be civilized is to be urban; civilization, in this strict sense, is “the art of living in towns.” (Kostof, 1995, 43) 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 47 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK What were the components of a city? What is it that differentiates the city from the village? 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 48 24 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Jericho 8th millenium B.C. 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 49 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 50 25 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 51 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 52 26 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 53 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Khirokitia 6th millenium B.C. 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 54 27 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 55 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 56 28 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 57 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Trachtenberg 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 58 29 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 59 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Çatalhöyük 7th millennium B.C. . 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 60 30 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 61 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Moffett 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 62 31 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Trachtenberg 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 63 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Moffett 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 64 32 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from en.wikipedia.org 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 65 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from en.wikipedia.org 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 66 33 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from forum.donanimhaber.com 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 67 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Fletcher 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 68 34 04.10.2012 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Figure taken from Fletcher 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 69 ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2012-13 ARCH 223 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I Asst. Prof. Dr. F. Gül ÖZTÜRK Next week Hittites, Ancient Egypt. Unless otherwise stated figures are taken from: Spiro Kostof, 1995, A History of Architecture. Settings and Rituals. Other Sources: Sir Banister Fletcher's A History of Architecture, 20th Edition Ernst Gombrich, The Story of Art Marian Moffett, 2004, A World History of Architecture Leland M. Roth, 2002, Mimarlığın Öyküsü Marvin Trachtenberg, 1986, Architecture, from prehistory to post-modernism 01.10.2012 WEEK II - PREHISTORY 70 35
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