wamebis da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi

Transkript

wamebis da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi
mopyrobis an dasjis akrZalva adamianis uflebaTa
evropuli konvenciis mixedviT (me-3 muxli)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------interaiTs-is saxelmZRvanelo iuristebisTvis, 2006 wlis dekembris
mdgomareobiT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------saxelmZRvanelo gamoica “Ria sazogadoebis institutis” udidesi mxardaWeriT
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interaiTsis saxelmZRvanelo iuristebisaTvis
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© interights 2007
saxelmZRvaneloze momuSave personali
ucxoeli redaqtorebi, maqsim ferStmani;
avtorebi:
sian luis-enToni
redaqtoris TanaSemwe/gamocemis koordinatori:
beT fernandesi
redaqtorebi organizaciis mxridan, qevin qiCingi;
avtorebi:
doina ioana straistenu,
dina vedernikova
redaqtoris TanaSemwe/tipografiuli
amwyobi + dizaineri: jastin freitermani
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interaiTsis iuridiuli ganyofilebis TanamSromlebi
aRmasrelebeli direqtori:
iuridiuli direqtori:
ufrosi iuristebi:
devid giri
iuristebi:
elen dafi
ian birni
andrea qumberi
ibrahima kane
programis
veselina vandova koordinatorebi:
qevin qiCingi
judit a. oderi
doina ioana straistenu
dina vedernikova
beT fernandesi
jastin freitermani
juliet maqdermonti
moni Sresta
interaiTsis direqtorTa sabWo
lord lesteri hern hilisa, sapatio prezidenti
jeremi makbraidi, Tavmjdomare
priscila aSun-sarpi, finansuri marTveli
doq. Caloka beiani
prof. Kristin Cinkini
helena quqi
Tim eliki
maikl grifini
prof. bob hepli
en lapingi
doq. nevil lintoni
aleqsandra marksi
doq. reiCel murei
interaiTsis saerTaSoriso mrCevelTa sabWo
prof. filip alstoni
florens butegva
doq. eva eliasi
rojer erera
prof. iaS p. gai
asma kaderi
prof. harold kohi
viviana krstiCeviCi
marek a. novicki
justis qeiT o’reigani
sonia pikado
prof. Jerar quini
prof. martin Seinini
suraia uikremasinghi
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wamebisa da sxva araadamianuri mopyrobis akrZalva adamianis uflebaTa dacvis
evropuli konvenciis mixedviT (me-3 muxli)
© interights 2007
saxelmZRvanelos gamoyeneba
winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo momzadda interaiTsis evropuli programis
farglebSi centralur da aRmosavleT evropasa da yofil sabWoTa kavSirSi
treningebis proeqtebisTvis. igi gamiznulia, praqtikosi advokatebisa da sxva
profesionali iuristebis sakonsultaciod. misi formati isea Sedgenili, rom
SesaZlebelia misi perioduli ganaxleba interaiTsis vebgverdze.
saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemulia adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos mier
2006 wlis dekembramde miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi. Secdomebi da xarvezebi
ekuTvniT mxolod mis avtorebs.
saxelmZRvanelos alternatiuli formatebi xelmisawvdomia moTxovnisTanave.
madloba
interaiTsi madlobas uxdis am saxelmZRvanelos momzadebaSi monawile yvela
pirs: ucxoel redaqtorebsa da Tanaavtorebs - maqsim ferStmans da sian luisenTonis, interaiTsis evropuli programis iuristebs - qevin qiCingsa da dina
vedernikovas, saxelmZRvanelos redaqtorebsa da Tanaavtorebs. amasTanave,
interaiTsi madlobas uxdis staJiorebsa da moxaliseebs, romlebmac wvlili
Seitanes Catarebul kvlevebsa da saxelmZRvanelos SedgenaSi.
da bolos, interaiTsi madlobas uxdis Ria sazogadoebis instituts, romlis
finansuri Tu sxvagvari mxardaWeris gareSe es proeqti ver ganxorcieldeboda.
interaiTsi
Lancaster House
islingtonis q. 33
londoni n1 9lh
didi britaneTi
tel: +44 (0)20 7278 3230
faqsi: +44 (0)20 7278 4334
el-fosta: [email protected]
vebgverdi: www.interights.org
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yvela ufleba daculia. am publikaciis romelime nawilis reproduqcia
gamomcemlis winaswari Tanxmobis gareSe akrZalulia. saavtoro ufleba
ekuTvnis interaiTss. Tumca, am publikaciis mTlianad an nawilobriv gadacema
nebismieri eleqtronuli, meqanikuri, fotokopirebis, Camweri an sxva formiT an
saSualebiT daiSveba gamomcemlis winaswari Tanxmobis gareSe.
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sarCevi:
1. Sesavali
1.1 wamebis da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis akrZalvis arsi
da mniSvneloba
1.2. uflebis absoluturi xasiaTi
2. gansazRvrebebi, cnebebi da standartebi me-3 muxlis mixedviT
2.1 sisastikis minimaluri zRvari
2.1.1 dazaralebulis calkeuli maxasiaTeblebis mniSvneloba
2.1.2 saqmeebi, romlebSic sisastikis aucilebeli minimaluri zRvari ar aris
miRweuli
2.1.2.1 konvenciis sxva muxlebTan kavSiri
2.2 wameba
2.2.1 sisastikis xarisxi
2.2.2 winaswarganzraxuli da gamiznuli mopyroba
2.2.3 wamebis magaliTebi precedentuli samarTlidan
2.3 araadamianuri mopyroba an dasja
2.3.1 “mopyroba” da “dasja”
2.3.2 gansxvaveba wamebas, araadamianur mopyrobasa da Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobas Soris
2.3.3 araadamianuri mopyrobis magaliTebi
2.3.3.1 Zaladoba dapatimrebis da dakavebis dros
2.3.3.2 seriozuli samedicino gulgriloba dakavebis dros
2.3.3.3 mtkicebulebis mopovebis mizniT samedicino Careva
2.3.3.4 bavSvebis dapatimreba
2.3.3.5 fsiqikuri aSliloba
2.3.3.6 SiSi da tanjva ojaxis wevrTa iZulebiTi gauCinarebis an maT mimarT
sxva cudi mopyrobis gamo
2.3.3.7 soflebisa da saxlebis ganadgureba
2.3.3.8 sxva magaliTebi
2.4 Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba an dasja
2.4.1 Rirsebis Semlaxavi dasja
2.4.2 Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba
2.4.2.1 dapatimreba da dakaveba
2.4.2.2 dapatimrebis da dakavebis dros
gamoyeneba
pirebis mimarT fizikuri
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Zalis
2.4.2.3 dakavebis pirobebi
2.4.2.4 xel-borkilebis dadeba
2.4.2.5 arasaTanado/arasakmarisi samedicino daxmareba
2.4.2.6 fsiqiatriuli mkurnaloba
2.4.2.7 invalidebis Sesabamisi pirobebiT uzrunvelyofa
2.4.28 dakavebulTa intimuri Cxreka
2.4.2.9 gvamebis damaxinjeba
2.4.3 diskriminacia
2.4.4 sikvdiliT dasja: me-2 muxlTan kavSiri
3. mtkicebis tvirTi da standarti me-3 muxlis Sesabamisad
3.1.1 mtkicebis tvirTi
3.1.2 mtkicebis standarti
3.1.2.1 saerTaSoriso standartebi da angariSebi dakavebis saqmeebze
3.1.2.2
saerTaSoriso
da
arasamTavrobo
organizaciaTa
angariSebi
gaZevebis/eqstradiciis saqmeebze
4. saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba
4.1 negatiuri valdebulebebi
4.1.1 saxelmwifos uSualo kontrolis qveS
4.1.2 teritoriuli sakiTxebi
4.1.3 sxva qveyanaSi cudi mopyrobis msxverplad gaxdomis riski (“gauZevlobis
principi”)
4.1.3.1 cudi mopyrobis albaTobis gansazRvra
4.1.3.2 gaZevebis absoluturi akrZalva, rodesac cudi mopyrobis albaToba
arsebobs
4.1.3.3 terorizmisa da eqstradiciis/gaZevebis winaaRmdeg brZola
4.1.3.4 proceduruli moTxovnebi TavSesafris maZiebelTa maregulirebel
kanonmdeblobaSi
4.1.3.5 kerZo pirebis mxridan cudi mopyrobis Cadenis riski
4.1.3.6 gaZevebis Semdeg samedicino mkurnalobis ararseboba
4.1.3.7 dabrunebis Semdeg mZime pirobebis arasakmarisi niSnebi
4.1.3.8 deportaciis SeCerebis gamoyeneba (wesi 39)
4.2 pozitiuri valdebulebebi
4.2.1 efeqturi samarTlebrivi sistemis uzrunvelyofis valdebuleba me-3
muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis prevenciisa da misgan dacvis mizniT
4.2.2 patimarTa fizikuri xelSeuxeblobis dacvis valdebuleba
4.2.3 proceduruli valdebulebani
4.2.3.1 efeqturi oficialuri gamoZiebis Catarebis valdebuleba
4.2.3.2 efeqturi, damoukidebeli, drouli da gamWvirvale gamoZieba
4.3 me-3 muxlis procedurul moTxovnebsa da me-13 muxls (ufleba efeqtur
samarTlebrvi dacvaze) Soris kavSiri
4.3.1 me-13 muxlis moqmedebis sfero
4.3.2 me-3 muxlis proceduruli moTxovnebi da me-13 muxli
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4.3.3 me-13 muxlis moTxovnebis CamonaTvali
5. rCeuli amonaridebi konvenciis sasamarTlo praqtikidan
5.1 wamebis da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis akrZalvis arsi
da mniSvneloba
5.1.1 uflebis absoluturi buneba
5.2 gansazRvrebebi, cnebebi da normebi me-3 muxlis mixedviT
5.2.1 sisastikis minimaluri zRvari
5.2.2 wameba
5.2.3 araadamianuri mopyroba an dasja
5.2.3.2 SiSi da tanjva ojaxis wevrTa iZulebiTi gauCinarebis an maT mimarT
sxva cudi mopyrobis Sedegad
5.2.4 Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba an dasja
5.3 mtkicebis tvirTi da standarti
5.4 saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba
5.4.1 negatiuri valdebulebebi
5.4.1.1 saxelmwifos pirdapiri kontrolis qveS
5.4.2 sadavo/okupirebuli teritoria
5.4.3 gaZevis an eqstradiciisas me-3 muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis gamoyeneba
5.4.4 pozitiuri valdebulebebi
5.4.4.1 zogadi valdebulebebi
5.4.4.2 efeqturi samarTlebrivi bazis uzrunvelyofis valdebuleba
5.4.5 proceduruli moTxovnebi
5.5 me-3 muxlis darRvevis tipiuri SemTxvevebi
5.5.1 dakaveba
5.5.1.1 dakavebulTa mimarT fizikuri Zalis gamoyeneba
5.5.1.2 dakavebis zogadi pirobebi
5.5.1.3 samedicino Careva mtkicebulebis mopovebis mizniT
5.5.1.4 saTanado samedicino daxmarebis ararseboba
5.5.1.5 dakavebulTa intimuri Cxreka
5.5.2 diskriminacia, rogorc Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis forma
5.5.3 soflebisa da saxlebis ganadgureba
5.5.3 sikvdiliT dasja
sasamarTlo saqmeebis nomrebi
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1. Sesavali
Mme-3 muxli – wamebis akrZalva
“aravin SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros wamebas, araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobas an dasjas”.
1.1
wamebis an araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis
akrZalvis arsi da mniSvneloba
adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis (SemdgomSi “konvencia”) me-3 muxli
krZalavs rogorc wamebas, aseve sxvagvar araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobas an dasjas. me-3 muxli, rogorc amas adamianis uflebaTa evropuli
sasamarTlo gansazRvravs bevr saqmeSi, “asaxavs demokratiuli sazogadoebis
erT-erT fundamentur Rirebulebas.” yvelaze rTul SemTxvevebSic ki,
rogoricaa
terorizmis
an
danaSaulis
winaaRmdeg
brZola,
konvencia
absoluturad krZalavs amgvar cud mopyrobas.
pirvel rigSi, me-3 muxlis mizania piris fizikuri xelSeuxeblobis dacva.
garda amisa, sasamarTlos ganmartebiT, es debuleba emsaxureba tkivilis
miyenebisgan an sxva iseTi qmedebebisgan dacvas, romlebic iwvevs seriozul
fsiqikur aSlilobas. me-3 muxliT, saxelmwifos evaleba Tavi Seikavos wamebaSi
an araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobasa an dasjaSi monawileobisgan
(e.i. negatiuri valdebuleba). amasTan dakavSirebiT, saxelmwifo pasuxs agebs
misi yvela struqturuli nawilis qmedebebze, rogoricaa policia, uSiSroebis
samsaxuri, sxva samarTaldamcavi organoebi, an nebismieri sxva saxelmwifo
samsaxuri, romlis kontrolis qveS imyofeba fizikuri piri saTanado brZanebis
safuZvelze Tu sakuTari iniciativiT.
calkeul
SemTxvevebSi,
me-3
muxli
saxelmwifos
akisrebs
pozitiur
valdebulebebs, aRkveTos sxvaTa mier me-3 muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis Cadena.
sasamarTlom me-3 muxli ganmarta konvenciis 1-l muxlTan erTad, romlis
mixedviT saxelmwifoebs moeTxovebaT dadebiTi zomebis miReba am muxliT
daculi
uflebis
uzrunvelsayofad,
gansakuTrebiT
daucvel
pirebTan
mimarTebiT. magaliTad, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu kerZo skola iyenebs dasjas,
romelic aRwevs me-3 muxliT dadgenil sisastikis minimalur zRvars, aseT
qmedebebze saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba dgeba, vinaidan sabolood saxelmwifo
agebs pasuxs ganaTlebis uflebis dacvaze. amasTan dakavSirebiT, ix. saqme
“kostelo-robertsi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1993). amasTanave,
saxelmwifos valdebulebebi vrceldeba im SemTxvevebzec, rodesac kerZo
pirebi, magaliTad ojaxis wevrebi, tkivilsa da zians ayeneben maTi meurveobis
qveS myof bavSvebs. sasamarTlom naTlad gansazRvra, rom saxelmwifoebs
evalebaT iseTi samarTlebrivi bazis Seqmna, romelic uzrunvelyofs sajaro
moxeleebisa da kerZo pirebis dasjas, an xels SeuSlis maT me-3 muxliT
akrZaluli mopyrobis gamoyenebaSi. ix. saqmeebi “a gaerTianebuli samefos
winaaRmdeg” (1998) da “z gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (2001).
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me-3 muxlis moTxovnebis Sesrulebis mizniT, saxelmwifom unda mimarTos
saTanado zomebs da gamoiyenos sanqciebi im pirebis mimarT, romlebic iyeneben
akrZalul mopyrobas an dasjas. maSasadame, Tu piri daobs me-3 muxliT
akrZaluli mopyrobis faqtis Sesaxeb, saxelmwifos akisria “proceduruli”
valdebuleba gamoiZios da gamoZiebis Semdeg, gaasamarTlos pasuxismgebeli
pirebi da braleulobis dadgenis SemTxvevaSi, dasajos isini TavianTi
qmedebebisTvis kanonis dadgenilis wesiT. sasamarTlom garkveviT aRniSna, rom
me-3 muxliT dadgenili wamebisgan dacvis meqnizmebi ar iqneba efeqturi, Tu
wamebis faqtis Sesaxeb aRZrul saCivars ar mohyveba saTanado gamoZieba
kompetenturi organoebis mxridan. sicocxlis uflebis analogiurad, es
valdebuleba Tavis TavSi moicavs saxelmwifos mier ara mxolod saCivrebisa da
sagamoZiebo proceduris xelmisawvdomobis, aramed aseve efeqturi sisxlis
samarTalwarmoebis
sistemis
uzrunvelyofasac.
aseTi
“proceduruli
moTxovnebis”
mniSvneloba
ufro
detalurad
ganxilulia
interaiTsis
saxelmZRvaneloSi iuristebisTvis konvenciis me-2 muxlTan dakavSirebiT.
1.2. uflebis absoluturi buneba
me-3 muxlis fundamenturi mniSvneloba imaSi vlindeba, rom igi warmoadgens
absolutur akrZalvas, e.i. yovelgvari gamonaklisis gareSe. konvenciiT
gaTvaliswinebuli sxva uflebebisgan gansxvavebiT, dauSvebelia misgan gadaxveva
omis an sxva gansakuTrebul situaciebSi, rodesac safrTxe emuqreba
mosaxleobis sicocxles; me-15 muxlis me-2 punqti garkveviT gamoricxavs me-3
muxlidan gadaxvevas konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi.
sasamarTlom xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom me-3 muxli absoluturia miuxedavad 1.
dazaralebulis qcevis an garemoebebisa an nebismieri danaSaulis bunebisa da 2.
saxelmwifos uSiSroebas damuqrebuli safrTxis bunebisa. am princips
sasamarTlo mudmivad imeorebs, magaliTad, ufro axali saqmeebi, rogoricaa “ramirez sanCesi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (2006) paragrafi 96 da “labita
italiis winaaRmdeg” (2000) paragrafi 119 da sxv. qvemoT mocemuli saqmeebi
warmoadgens amgvari SemTxvevebis konkretul magaliTebs.
 saqmeSi “aqsoi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1996), ganmcxadebeli daapatimres pkks (qurTebis muSaTa partiis), qurTuli erovnuli organizacia TurqeTis
samxreT-aRmosavleTSi,
winaaRmdeg
Catarebuli
operaciis
dros.
patimrobaSi myofi ganmcxadebeli awames. rodesac sasamarTlo msjelobda
ganmcxadeblis mimarT me-3 muxlis gamoyenebis Taobaze, man 62-e paragrafSi
daadgina, rom “yvelaze rTul garemoebebSic ki, rogoricaa organizebuli
terorizmi an danaSaulis winaaRmdeg brZola, konvencia absoluturad
krZalavs wamebas, an araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas an
dasjas.”
arasasurvel ucxoelTa gaZevebis saqmeebze, (Caxali gaerTianebuli samefos
winaaRmdeg (1996) paragrafebi 79-80 da n fineTis winaaRmdeg (2005) paragrafi 59
da sxv.), sasamarTlom daadgina, rom me-3 muxliT daculi wamebis, araadamianuri
an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis akrZalva absoluturia da
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konkretuli piris qmedebebi warsulSi an momavalSi, arasasurvelobisa an
saSiSroebis miuxedavad, materialur kompensacias ar SeiZleba warmoadgendes.
 saqmeSi “d gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1997), sasamarTlom (47-e
paragrafSi) daadgina, rom me-3 muxli absoluturad krZalavs wamebas an
araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas an dasjas da misi
garantiebi vrceldeba konkretuli piris mir gasakicxi qcevis Cadenis
miuxedavad”.
2. gansazRvrebebi, cnebebi da standartebi me-3 muxlis mixedviT
2.1
sisastikis minimaluri zRvari
me-3 muxli iTvaliswinebs mopyrobisa da dasjis farTo speqtrs. Tumca, rogorc
saberZneTis saqmeSi (1969) aRiniSna, yvela cudi mopryoba an dasja ar ikrZaleba.
imisaTvis, rom qmedeba moeqces me-3 muxlis moqmedebis sferoSi, gamoyenebuli
mopyroba unda aRwevdes “sisastikis minimalur zRvars”. sasamarTlom saqmeze
irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1978) daadgina, rom cudi mopyroba
sisastikis minimalur zRvars unda aRwevdes.
minimaluri zRvaris Sefaseba,
garemoebaTa gaTvaliswinebiT, SedarebiTia. igi damokidebulia saqmis yvela
garemoebaze, rogoricaa mopyrobis xangrZlivoba, misi fizikuri da fsiqikuri
Sedegebi da, zogjer, dazaralebulis sqesi, asaki da janmrTelobis
mdgomareoba.
miuxedavad imisa, rom garkveuli saxis mopyroba SesaZlebelia ar iqnas
mowonebuli
moraluri
motiviT,
rogoricaa
bavSvebze
disciplinaruli
saxdelis gamoyeneba fizikuri dasjis meSveobiT, an zogadi sisxlis
samarTlebrivi motiviT, rogoricaa policiis mier Zalis gamoyeneba, magaliTad
dakavebulis cema, igi SesaZlebelia ar aikrZalos me-3 muxliT. analogiurad,
me-3 muxliT daSvebulma mopyrobam SesaZlebelia mainc gamoiwvios pirovnebaSi
sircxvilis grZnoba da misi damcireba, mag; samarTlebrivi sanqciebis
gamoyenebam. ix. mag. taireri gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1978).
me-3 muxlTan dakavSirebuli erT-erTi sirTule is aris, rom sasamarTlom ar
gansazRvra is zogadi da abstraqtuli standartebi, romelTa Sesabamisadac
unda Sefasdes nebismieri saxis mopyroba Tu dasja. garda amisa, sazogadoebaSi
arsebuli mosazrebani me-3 muxliT dasjad mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT droTa
ganmavlobaSi icvleba. amrigad, TiToeuli SemTxveva Seswavlil unda iqnas misi
konkretuli faqtebisa da garemoebebis da savaraudo dazaralebulis
pirovnuli Tvisebebis gaTvaliswinebiT (ix. qv. § 2.1.1.). Tumca, sasamarTlos
precedentul
samarTalSi moipoveba rigi
saxelmZRvanelo principebisa,
romlebic sasargebloa wamebisa Tu sxva cudi mopyrobis konkretuli faqtis
Sefasebisas.
me-3 muxli calsaxad ar avaldebulebs sasamarTlos moaxdinos sadavo
mopyrobis formebs Soris diferenciacia (e.i. wameba, araadamianuri da Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyroba da dasja), xolo, Tu nebismieri aseTi mopyroba gascdeba
sisastikis minimalur zRvars, sasamarTlom zustad unda gansazRvros ama Tu im
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ganmcxadeblis mier gancdili mopyrobis xasiaTi. zRvari wamebasa da
akrZaluli qmedebebis sxva formebis Soris mniSvnelovania kompensaciis
TvalsazrisiT, romlis anazRaurebac xdeba konvenciis 41-e muxlis safuZvelze.
amasTanave, qvemoT ganxilulia, rom es ganmasxvavebeli niSani damaxasiaTebelia
wamebisTvis. maSasadame, ufro seriozuli Sedegebi dgeba, Tu dadasturda
saxelmwifos monawileobis faqti wamebaSi da, meti albaTobaa imisa, rom
saxelmwifos reputacia saerTaSoriso doneze sagrZnoblad daknindeba.
SesaZlebelia, sasamarTlom zustad ar gansazRvros mopyrobis saxe, romelsac
adgili hqonda mocemul saqmeSi, magram, Cveulebriv, aRniSnuli naTeli xdeba
ganmcxadeblis saCivridanac. magaliTad, saqmeSi kurti TurqeTis winaaRmdeg
(1998), ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom man ganicada araadamianuri da Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyroba saxelmwifos warmomadgenelTa xelSi misi vaJiSvilis
gauCinarebis Sedegad. marTalia, sasamarTlom daadgina, rom saxelmwifom
daarRvia me-3 muxli, magram zustad ver gansazRvra mopyrobis xasiaTi,
romlisTvisac pasuxs agebda saxelmwifo. Tumca, saqmis analizidan naTeli iyo,
rom man aRiara, rom ganmcxadebeli marTlac gaxda araadamianuri da Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyrobis msxverpli.
2.1.1 dazaralebulis calkeuli maxasiaTeblebis mniSvneloba
me-3 muxlis darRvevasTan dakavSirebuli pirveli saqmeebis ganxilvisas
sasamarTlo erTnairad adgenda, rom sisastikis minimaluri zRvaris Sefaseba
damokidebulia konkretul dazaralebulTan dakavSirebul rig faqtorebze,
romlis mimarTac gamoiyenes garkveuli saxis mopyroba. amrigad, sasamarTlo
iTvaliswinebs
asaks,
sqess,
janmrTelobis
mdgomareobas,
mopyrobis
xangrZlivobas da misgan gamowveul fizikur da fsiqikur Sedegebs da, mainc,
xSirad rTulia imis garCeva, Tu dazaralebulis romeli maxasiaTebelia
gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis. sasamarTlo afasebs erTianobaSi dazaralebulze
gamoyenebuli mopyrobis Sedegebs.
sasamarTlo xSirad xazs usvams dazaralebulis asaks, aris Tu ara igi
gansakuTrebiT axalgazrda. saqmeSi “kostelo-robertsi gaerTianebuli samefos
winaaRmdeg” (1993), ganmcxadebeli iyo Svidi wlis biWuna, romelic dadioda
kerZo skolaSi, sadac urC mowafeebze iyenebdnen fizikur dasjas. sasamarTlom
aRSfoTebiT aRniSna im faqtis Sesaxeb, rom ganmcxadebeli iyo mxolod Svidi
wlis, rodesac mas skolis direqtorma rezinis Ziriani sportuli fexsacmeli
samjer daartya SortebCacmuls dundulebSi. sasamarTlo im faqtmac aRaSfoTa,
rom Tavisi bunebiT dasja iyo avtomaturi da ganmcxadebeli sasjelis
dawesebas eloda sami dRe. am faqtorebis miuxedavad, sasamarTlom daadgina,
rom am SemTxvevaSi mopyrobam ver miaRwia sisastikis minimalur dones.
asakis faqtori SesaZlebelia mniSvnelovani iyos imis dadgenaSi, arRvevs Tu
ara me-3 muxls piris mimarT gamotanili konkretuli ganaCenis simkacre.
 saqmeSi “uiqsi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1987), ganmcxadebels
miesaja samudamo patimroba yaCaRobisTvis. damnaSaved cnobis Semdeg,
erovnulma sasamarTlom gaamarTla samudamo patimrobis Sesaxeb ganaCeni
© interights 2007


im motiviT, rom mosarCele iyo Zalian saSiSi axalgazrda, romlis
ganTavisuflebac unda ukavSirdebodes imas, Tu ramdenad warmatebiT
moipovebda igi angariSgasawevi piris saxels cixeSi. sasamarTlom
ganacxada, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSi, misi asakisa da Cadenili danaSaulis
irgvliv arsebuli garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, ganaCenis Sesaxeb
sasamarTlos mier gamoTqmuli konkretuli mizezebi rom ara, seriozuli
eWvebi gaCndeboda me-3 muxlTan SesabamisobasTan dakavSirebiT.
saqmeSi sioringi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1989), sasamarTlom
mxedvelobaSi miiRo mTeli rigi pirovnuli faqtorebi, rodesac iRebda
gadawyvetilebas, rom eqstradicia me-3 muxlis darRvevas gamoiwvevda, maT
Soris is faqtic, rom ganmcxadebeli iyo mxolod 18 wlis da arsebobda
fsiqiatriuli daskvna, rom igi iyo sulierad avadmyofi.
saqmeSi toteva bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (2004), ganmcxadebelma, 67 wlis
qalbatonma, seriozuli dazianebebi miiRo, rodesac mas policia akavebda.
sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom gansakuTrebiT ganmcxadeblis xandazmuli
asakisa da miRebuli dazianebebis gamo mopyroba unda CaiTvalos
konvenciis me-3 muxliT akrZalul qmedebad. xolo, saqmeSi popovi
moldovas winaaRmdeg (2005), ganmcxadebeli, konvenciis me-3 muxlidan
gamomdinare, amtkicebda rom mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi gadawyvetilebis
aRusrulebloba araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobi mopyrobis
tolfasi iyo. Mmisi ganmartebiT, is rogorc xandazmuli adamiani xSirad
mimarTavda Sesabamis organoebs gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebis moTxovniT,
rac ayenebda mas damcirebul mdgomareobaSi. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom
is tanjva, romelic mas SesaZlebelia ganecada gadawyvetilebis
aRusruleblobis gamo, ar iyo sakmarisi imisaTvis, rom miCneuliyo me-3
muxliT gaTvaliswinebul araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad,
ra mizeziTac saCivari dauSveblad cno.
sxva saqmeebSi asaki SesaZlebelia iyos mxolod damamZimebeli faqtori,
romelic gavlenas axdens sasamarTloze cudi mopyrobis Sefasebisas, magram ar
aris gadamwyveti imis dadgenaSi, eqceva Tu ara mopyroba me-3 muxlis moqmedebis
sferoSi.
 saqmeSi aidini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (1997), ganmcxadebeli iyo Cvidmeti
wlis gogona, romelic araerTxel gaaupatiures da daamcires cixis
zedamxedvelebma. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom dakavebulis gaupatiureba
saxelmwifo moxelis mier unda CaiTvalos cudi mopyrobis gansakuTrebiT
mZime da dasagmob formad, vinaidan Tavisi samsaxurebrivi mdgomareobidan
gamomdinare mas advilad SeuZlia isargeblos msxverplis daucvelobiT
da fizikuri sisustiT.
sxva saqmeebSi ki, Zalze aqtualuria axlo urTieTobis faqtori ganmcxadebelsa
da im pirs Soris, romelic gaxda me-3 muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis msxverpli,
imis dasadgenad daeqvemdebara Tu ara ganmcxadebelic aseT mopyrobas. Aaxlo
urTierTobis arseboba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania gauCinarebis saqmeebSi. ix.
aseve “rivasi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg“(2004).
© interights 2007
sasamarTlo
mxedvelobaSi
iRebs
dazaralebulTan
dakavSirebul
sxva
faqtorebsac,
rogoricaa
mocemuli
piris
siZliere
patimrobis
ganmaxorcielebel pirTan SedarebiT.
 saqmeSi
“berlinski
poloneTis
winaaRmdeg”
(2002)
sasamarTlom
mxedvelobaSi miiRo is faqti, rom ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen navarjiSebi
bodibilderebi, romlebmac winaaRmdegoba gauwies policiis oficerTa
kanonier qmedebebs. analogiurad, ix. zemoxsenebuli “rivasi safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg”, romlis mixedviTac policiaSi dakiTxvisas arasrulwlovan
ganmcxadebels Caartyes sasqeso organoebSi, ramac gamoiwvia saTesle
jirkvlis dazianeba da mas dasWirda qirurgiuli Careva. sasamarTlom me-3
muxlis darRveulad cno ganmcxadeblis asakisa da misi Camouyalibebeli
aRnagobis gaTvaliswinebiT.
sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom gasaTvaliswinebelia saqmis konkretuli garemoebebi
da gansakuTrebiT dazaralebulTan da zogjer mis axlo naTesavebTan
dakavSirebuli faqtorebi. MmiiReba Tu ara es faqtorebi mxedvelobaSi,
damokidebulia braldebebis xasiaTze da sxva garemomcvel garemoebebze.
maSasadame, erovnuli sasamarTlo valdebulia, mxedvelobaSi miiRos yvela
aqtualuri faqtori da gawonasworebulad gaaanalizos daeqvemdebara Tu ara
piri wamebas an cudi mopyrobis sxva akrZalul formas.
2.1.2 saqmeebi, romlebSic sisastikis aucilebeli minimaluri zRvari ar aris
miRweuli
sasamarTlom da yofilma komisiam ganixila mravali saqme me-3 muxlis
savaraudo darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT, romlebSic sisastikis minimaluri
zRvaris
dadgena
SeuZlebeli
iyo,
cudi
mopyrobis
an
damcirebis
damadasturebeli mtkicebulebebis arsebobis miuxedavad. qvemoT mocemul
saqmeebSi moyvanilia is garemoebebi, romlebic ar CaiTvala me-3 muxlis
darRvevad da kargi sapirispiro magaliTia sxva ganxiluli saqmeebisa.
 saqmeSi “lopez ostra espaneTis winaaRmdeg” (1994) ganmcxadebeli
miuTiTebda, rom igi
gaxda me-3 muxlis darRvevis msxverpli misi
janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gauaresebis gamo. aRniSnulis mizezi gaxda
is, rom is cxovrobda
narCenebis gadamamuSavebeli qarxnis siaxloves,
saidanac gamodioda momwamlavi namwvi da xmauri. sasamarTlom aRiara,
rom ganmcxadebelsa da mis ojaxs adgeboda ziani, magram daadgina, rom
aseTi ziani ar eqceoda me-3 muxlis moqmedebis sferoSi.
 saqmeSi “smiTi da greidi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1999),
ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen SeiaraRebuli Zalebis wevrebi. gamoZieba Catarda
aRmoCenili mtkicebulebebis safuZvelze, romliTac dasturdeboda, rom
isini
iyvnen
homoseqsualebi.
ganmcxadeblebs
dausves
konkretuli
SekiTxvebi maTi seqsualuri cxovrebis, Cvevebisa da survilebis Sesaxeb.
mtkicebulebebis
dadasturebis
Semdeg,
ganmcxadeblebi
garicxes
SeiaraRebuli
Zalebidan
arsebuli
sajariso
wesebis
Sesabamisad.
sasamarTlom marTalia aRiara, rom jarSi arsebuli wesebi, gamoZieba da
jaridan garicxvac, udaod, “mtkivneuli da damamcirebeli iyo TiToeuli
ganmcxadeblisTvis”, magram man ar CaTvala, rom mopyroba aRwevda
© interights 2007

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

sisastikis minimalur dones, amitom me-3 muxlis darRvevac ar daadgina
(ix. aseve Semdegi qveparagrafi).
saqmeSi “kudla poloneTis winaaRmdeg” (2000), mosarCele winaswar
patimrobaSi imyofeboda sxvadasxva danaSaulisTvis. winaswari patimrobis
periodSi, aRmoCnda, rom is iyo sulierad avad da gadaiyvanes cixis
saavadmyofos fsiqiatriul ganyofilebaSi. mogvianebiT igi daabrunes
winaswari
patimrobis
dawesebulebaSi.
misi
patimrobis
Sesaxeb
msjelobisas, sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom me-3 muxlis darRvevis
dasadgenad, tanjva da damcireba unda scdebodes tkivilisa da
damcirebis im gardauval elements, romelic dakavSirebulia kanonieri
mopyrobisa an dasjis formasTan. piris Tavisuflebis aRkveTis zomebi,
xSirad, SesaZlebelia Seicavdes aseT elements, magram, ar SeiZleba
iTqvas, rom winaswari patimrobis aRsruleba, Tavis Tavad, me-3 muxlis
darRvevis sakiTxs warmoSobs; me-3 muxlis ganmarteba arc imgvarad
SeiZleba, TiTqos masSi moiazreba zogadi valdebuleba, janmrTelobis
gauaresebis gamo dakavebuli gaanTavisuflon an gadaiyvanon samoqalaqo
saavadmyofoSi specialuri samedicino mkurnalobis Casatareblad. (aseve,
ix. qvemoT rivieri safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (2006).
saqmeSi “iurtasi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2004), ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT man
ganicada araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba policiaSi
dakavebisas. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom policiaSi dakavebis periodSi,
ganmcxadebeli
ar
iyo
moTavsebuli
fizikur
izolaciaSi
an
sazogadoebisgan srul izolaciaSi. marTalia, mas ekrZaleboda kavSiri
gare samyarosTan, Tumca is urTierTobda mocemul dawesebulebaSi
momuSave TanamSromlebTan da sxva dakavebulebTanac. amitom, sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom sisastikis minimaluri zRvari ar iyo miRweuli, ris gamoc
mopyroba ar CaTvala araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad me-3
muxlis mniSvnelobiT.
saqmeSi
“gelfmani
safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg”
(2004),
arsebuli
urTierTgamomricxavi samedicino daskvnebis Tanaxmad, ver dgindeboda,
SeiZleboda Tu ara SidsiT daavadebuli ganmcxadeblis (inficirebuli
dapatimebamde) ganTavisufleba. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom cixeSi masze
gaweuli mzrunveloba da mkurnaloba identuri iyo im mkurnalobisa,
rasac miiRebda cixis gareT. amdenad, sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom arc misi
janmrTelobis mdgomareoba da arc mis mier gancdili tanjva aRwevda
sisastikis minimalur zRvars imisaTvis rom CaiTvalos araadamianur da
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad.
saqmeSi “matenCio safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (2004), sasamarTlom daadgina,
rom
SezRuduli
SesaZleblobis
mqone
piris
xangrZlivi
drois
ganmavlobaSi patimrobaSi yofna ar aRwevda sisastikis moTxovnil zRvars
me-3 muxlis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.
saqmeSi “narcisio niderlandebis winaaRmdeg” (2005), ganmcxadebeli
dakavebuli iyo policiis ganyofilebis sakanSi, romelSic wyalgayvaniloba da sanitaruli pirobebi ar arsebobda. sasamarTlom daadgina,
rom wyal-gayvanilobisa da da sanitaruli pirobebis ararseboba ar
SeiZleba CaiTvalos sisastikis minimalur zRvarad imisaTvis, rom
mopyroba me-3 muxlis moqmedebis farglebSi moeqces.
© interights 2007

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

saqmeSi
“georgievi
bulgareTis
winaaRmdeg”
(2005),
ganmcxadeblis
patimrobis pirobebTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlom daadgina, rom is
izolirebuli iyo 8 kv.m zomis sakanSi, ar hqonda varjiSisa Tu sxva
saqmianobiT dakavebis ufleba saknis gareT; ar gaaCnda binebrivi ganaTeba
da sanitarul pirobebze mxolod SezRudulad miuwvdeboda xeli.
sasamarTlom,
gaiTvaliswina
ra
ganmcxadeblis
janmrTelobis
mdgomareoba, gadawyvita (oTxi xmiT samis winaaRmdeg), rom es pirobebi ar
aRwevda
sisastikis
minimalur
zRvars,
vinaidan
xangrZlivad
ar
grZeldeboda, mxolod _ 1,5 Tve. (magram, ix. qvemoT saqme beCievi
moldoveTis winaaRmdeg (2005), romelSic ganmcxadebeli SedarebiT mokle
vadiT imyofeboda patimrobaSi (37 dRe), magram sasamarTlom patimrobis
arsebuli pirobebi mainc CaTvala me-3 muxlis darRvevad).
saqmeSi “ntumba kabongo belgiis winaaRmdeg” (2005), ganmcxadebeli
gaZevebis mizniT patimrobaSi imyofeboda 10 Tveze meti vadiT, vinaidan
misi ganacxadi TavSesafris miRebaze ar dakmayofilda. sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom fsiqikuri tanjva, romelic ganmcxadebels SeiZleboda
ganecada 10 Tveze meti droiT patimrobaSi yofnis gamo, aucilebel
minimalur zRvars ar aRwevda imisaTvis, rom CaTvliliyo araadamianur an
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad. misi patimrobis gagrZeleba aT Tveze meti
vadiT miznad ar isaxavda ganmcxadeblis damcirebasa da Seuracxyofas,
Sesabamisad, me-3 muxliT daculi misi piradi uflebebi ar darRveula.
saqmeSi “rejani martineli italiis winaaRmdeg” (2005) cerebraluri
daavadebis mqone ganmcxadebeli imyofeboda patimrobaSi. is ganicdida
fizikur da fsiqologiur tkivils, vinaidan patimrobamde tvinze
operaciis
Sedegad
simsivne
amouRes.
sasamarTlom
aRniSna,
rom
patimrobisas ganmcxadebels uwevdnen adekvatur samedicino daxmarebas da
misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gauareseba dakavSirebuli iyo ara
patimrobaSi yofnasTan, aramed ufro patimrobamde gaCenili daavadebis
progresirebasTan. sasamarTlom ar CaTvala es SemTxveva me-3 muxlis
darRvevad.
saqmeSi “ramirez sanCesi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (2006), ganmcxadebeli
moTavsebuli iyo sakanSi izolirebulad rva wlisa da ori Tvis
ganmavlobaSi. igi martod imyofeboda sakanSi, ar hqonda kontaqti sxva
patimrebTan an cixis zedamxedvelebTan, ekrZaleboda saknidan gasvla
garda yoveldRiuri orsaaTiani seirnobisa, da vizitebis uflebac Zalze
SezRuduli hqonda. Tumca, mas hqonda gazeTebis kiTxvisa da televizoris
yurebis ufleba. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom igi ar ganicdida srul
fizikur
izolacias,
da
garda
televizorisa
da
gazeTebis
xelmisawvdomobisa, is advokats 57-jer Sexvda, aseve regularulad
eqimebic stumrobdnen. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom rogorc zogadi ise
konkretuli patimrobis pirobebi da xangrZlivoba ar iyo imdenad sastiki
xasiaTis, rom CaTvliliyo araadamianur mopyrobad, gansakuTrebiT
ganmcxadeblis pirovnebisa da misi saSiSi xasiaTis gaTvaliswinebiT.
(magram, amasTan ix. saqme meTiu niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (2005), rodesac
ganmcxadeblis izolirebul sakanSi moTavseba xangrZlivi da zedmetad
gaWianurebuli droiT me-3 muxlis darRvevad CaiTvala).
© interights 2007
2.1.2.1. konvenciis sxva muxlebTan kavSiri
ganmcxadebeli Tu ver adasturebs me-3 muxlis darRvevis faqts, mas SeuZlia
daayenos moTxovna me-8 muxlis darRveulad cnobaze, romelic icavs piradi da
ojaxuri cxovrebis, aseve sacxovrebeli saxlis pativiscemis uflebas.
maSasadame, saqmeSi smiTi da greidi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1999),
marTalia ganmcxadeblebis seqsualuri orientaciis Taobaze warmoebuli
dakiTxvis dros gancdili damcireba ar CaiTvala araadamianur da Rirsebis
Semlaxav mopyrobad, magram sasamarTlom aRiara, rom igi warmoadgenda
gaumarTlebel Carevas konvenciis me-8 muxliT daculi piradi cxovrebis
uflebaSi. saqmeSi “lopez ostra espaneTis winaaRmdeg” (1994), sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom narCenebis gadamamuSavebeli qarxnis mier mieyenebuli ziani
warmoadgenda gaumarTlebel Carevas ganmcxadeblis pirad da ojaxur
cxovrebaSi, rac me-8 muxls ewinaaRmdegeba. saqmeSi “ueinraiti gaerTianebuli
samefos
winaaRmdeg”
(2006),
sasamarTlom
daadgina,
rom
marTalia
ganmcxadeblebs CautardaT piradi Cxreka eTikuri normebis darRveviT, magram
cixis TanamSromlebs sityvieri Seuracxyofa ar miuyenebiaT da, ufro
mniSvnelovania,
rom
arc
Sexebian
maT.
sasamarTlom
aRiara,
rom
ganxorcielebulma mopyrobam gamoiwvia maTi tanjva, magram sasamarTlos azriT,
mopyroba ar aRwevda me-3 muxliT moTxovnil minimalur zRvars. Tumca,
sasamarTlom daadgina me-8 muxlis darRveva.
sasamarTlo rodesac mTeli rigi faqtebze dayrdnobiT me-3 muxls darRveulad
cnobs, xSirad igi aucileblad Seiswavlis igive faqtobrivi garemoebebiT
konvenciis sxva romelime debulebis darRvevis sakiTxs. Urogorc wesi,
sasamarTlo darRveulad cnobs yvelaze mZime muxls, romelic, rogorc zemoT
aRiniSna, absoluturi bunebisaa da raime saxis gadaxvevas ar iTvaliswinebs. Tu
sasamarTlo sabolood me-3 muxlis darRvevas ver daadgens, is imsjelebs
SedarebiT “naklebi xarisxis darRvevaze”. da mainc, saqmeSi “mubilanzila maieka
da kaniki mitunga belgiis winaaRmdeg” (2006) sasamarTlom daadgina, rom
arasrulwlovani
gogonas
dapatimrebiT
gamowveuli
Sedegebi,
romelic
moaTavses mozardebisTvis gankuTvnil sapatimroSi, arRvevda rogorc me-3, ise
me-8 muxls.
2.2. wameba
2.2.1 sisastikis xarisxi
saqmeSi “irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1978) sasamarTlom
gansazRvra, rom “wameba” moicavs “ganzrax araadamianur mopyrobas, romelic
iwvevs Zalze seriozul da sastik tkivils”, romelic dakavSirebulia
gansakuTrebul sircxvilTan. gansxvaveba me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebul wamebasa
da mopyrobisa da dasjis sxva akrZalul formebs Soris ukavSirdeba mis
xarisxsa da intensivobas da, rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, damokidebulia
dazaralebulTan dakavSirebul konkretul garemoebebze. amrigad, SeuZlebelia
erTmniSvnelovnad aRiniSnos, rom konkretuli saxis mopyroba yovelTvis
mxolod erT kategoriaSi moeqceva.
© interights 2007
garda amisa, sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom tanjvis is done, romelic aucilebelia
wamebis dasadgenad droSi fiqsirebuli ar aris. konvencia cocxali
instrumentia, romlis ganmartebac “dRevandel dRes arsebuli pirobebis
WrilSi” unda moxdes. es niSnavs, rom zogierTi qmedeba, romelic warsulSi
iTvleboda “araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad”, “wamebisgan”
gansxvavebiT, momavalSi SesaZlebelia sxvagvarad iqnas klasificirebuli:
“adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis sul ufro da ufro
mzardi standarti aucileblad moiTxovs ufro met simtkices demokratiuli
sazogadoebebis fundamenturi Rirebulebebis darRvevis faqtebis Sefasebisas.”
ix. “elCi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2003), paragrafi 634 da aseve “selmuni
safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (1999). amasTan dakavSirebiT, aRsaniSnavia, rom
sasamarTlom saqmeze “aidini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1997) daadgina, rom qalis
gaupatiureba cixis zedamxedvelebis mier SeiZleba warmoadgendes wamebas.
aidinis saqmesTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba asaxavs im
seriozul damokidebulebas, romliTac saxelmwifo moxeleebis mier Cadenili
gaupatiurebis faqts udgeba saerTaSoriso sisxlis samarTali; amJamad igi
iTvleba kacobriobis winaaRmdeg mimarTul danaSaulad, Tu igi Cadenilia,
rogorc nawili samoqalaqo mosaxleobaze ganxorcielebuli farTo an
sistematiuri xasiaTis Tavdasxmisa.
bolo dros, sasamarTlom gazarda im qmedebaTa kategoria, romlebic wamebis
tolfasia. saqmeSi “nevmerJicki ukrainis winaaRmdeg” (2005) man daadgina, rom
moSimSile ganmcxadeblis mimarT gamoyenebuli iZulebiTi kveba wamebas
warmoadgenda (ufro detalurad ix. qvemoT paragrafi 2.2.3).
ukanasknel dromde, sasamarTlo adgenda, rom pirebi, romlebzec gamoiyenes
fizikuri Zaladoba an fizikuri Zaladoba da fsiqikuri tkivili erTad, wamebis
msxverplni gaxdnen. SesaZlebelia, sasamarTlom wamebad miiCnios mxolod
fsiqikuri tanjvis miyeneba, Tu igi sakmarisad sastiki formiT gamovlinda.
magaliTad, fsiqikuri tanjva SeiZleba CaiTvalos wamebad, Tu piri dakavebulia
xangrZlivi droiT, romlis drosac mas emuqrebian ojaxis wevrebis wamebiT
da/an mokvliT, Tu igi aRiarebiT Cvenebas ar miscems. safrTxis realurobisa da
gadaudeblobis
dasadastureblad
damatebiT
mtkicebulebad
CaiTvleba
dakavebulis bavSvis moyvana mis sakanSi da im savaraudo dasjis saxis
demonstrireba, romelic SesaZlebelia bavSvze ganxorcieldes.
wamebis kargi gansazRvreba mocemulia gaeros konvenciaSi wamebisa da sxva
sastiki, araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobisa da dasjis winaaRmdeg
(1984). 1-l muxlSi naTqvamia:
1. am konvenciis miznebisTvis, termini “wameba” niSnavs nebismier qmedebas,
romliTac pirs ganzrax miadga sastiki tkivili an tanjva, fizikuri Tu
fsiqikuri, imisaTvis, rom misgan an mesame mxarisgan moipovon informacia an
aRiareba, dasajon igi misi an mesame mxaris mier Cadenili an savaraudod
Cadenili qmedebisTvis, an SeaSinon an aiZulon igi an mesame mxare, an sxva raime
mizeziT nebismieri saxis diskriminaciis safuZvelze, rodesac aseTi tkivilis
© interights 2007
an tanjvis miyeneba xdeba sajaro moxelis an oficialuri statusiT moqmedi
sxva piris mier uSualod, misi waqezebiT an TanxmobiT an nebarTviT. igi ar
moicavs tkivils an tanjvas, romelic gamowveulia da gamomdinareobs kanonieri
sanqciebidan da mxolod maT ukavSirdeba.
marTalia, es definicia ar aris sasamarTlosTvis savaldebulo, igi exmareba
mas me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli wamebis cnebis gansazRvrisas da, zogadad,
sasamarTlos praqtika am gansazRvrebasTan SesamabamisobaSia moyvanili. misi
citireba xdeba mraval saqmeSi, maT Soris aidinis, sioringisa da selmunis (ix.
saqmeTa nomrebi) saqmeebSic.
2.2.2 winaswarganzraxuli da gamiznuli mopyroba
wamebis dadgenisas ara marto intensivobis garkveuli done unda iqnes
miRweuli, aramed cudi mopyroba winaswar gamiznuli unda iyos sastiki tanjvis
miyenebis motiviT an garkveuli miznis misaRwevad. es SesabamisobaSia gaeros
wamebis sawinaaRmdego konvenciis zemoT mocemul wamebis gansazRvrebasTan.
 saberZneTis saqmeSi (1969), komisiam daadgina, rom politikur patimrebze
administraciuli zomis saxiT gamoiyenes wameba da cudi mopyroba.
komisiam ganacxada, rom wameba aris “araadamianuri mopyrobis mZime forma,
romelsac aqvs mizani, magaliTad informaciis an aRiarebis mopoveba an
sasjelis dakisreba.”
 saqmeSi “aqsoi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1996) sasamarTlom daadgina, rom
ganmcxadeblis mier gancdili cudi mopyroba iyo winaswarganzraxuli. man
xazi gausva, rom mis sisruleSi mosayvanad garkveuli momzadeba da
zomebis
miReba
iqneboda
saWiro.
misi
ganxorcielebis
mizani
ganmcxadeblisgan aRiarebis an informaciis mopoveba iyo.
 saqmeSi “salmani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2000), sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom
garda imisa, rom unda Candes rom mopyroba iyo winaswarganzraxuli, mas
unda gaaCndes garkveuli mizanic, magaliTad, aRiarebis mopoveba an dasja,
rac gaeros wamebis sawinaaRmdego konvenciiTac aris gaTvaliswinebuli.
aq sasamarTlom gadawyvita, rom ganmcxadebeli gaxda wamebis tolfasi,
seriozuli da sastiki tanjvis msxverpli, gaiTvaliswina ra cudi
mopyrobis buneba da xarisxi da mtkicebulebaTa safuZvelze gakeTebuli
daskvnebi, rom ganmcxadebeli awames misi qurTTa muSaTa partiis
saqmianobaSi monawileobis Sesaxeb warmoebuli dakiTxvisas.
amrigad, mopyrobis winaswarganzraxuli da gamiznuli xasiaTi wamebis arsebiTi
maxasiaTebelia. maSasadame, Tu mopyroba aRwevs sisastikis minimalur zRvars,
aikrZaleba rogorc aradamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba, maSinac ki
roca ar arsebobs sakmarisi safuZveli imisaTvis rom aikrZalos rogorc wameba.
saqmeSi “labzovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2005) sasamarTlom daadgina (paragrafi
48) rom, marTalia sakiTxi imis Sesaxeb iyo Tu ara mopyrobis mizani
dazaralebulis damcireba an Seuracxyofa mxedvelobaSi misaRebi faqtoria,
xolo, aseTi miznis ararseboba ver gamoricxavs me-3 muxlis darRvevas (ix.
qvemoT aseve kalaSnikovi ruseTi winaaRmdeg (2003)).
© interights 2007
2.2.3 wamebis magaliTebi precedentuli samarTlidan
qvemoT mocemuli saqmeebi warmoadgens cudi mopyrobis magaliTebs, romlebic
sasamarTlom wamebad CaTvala.
“palestinuri dakideba”
 saqmeSi “aqsoi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1996), ganmcxadebeli daapatimres
samxreT-aRmosavleT TurqeTSi saxelmwifos mier pkk-s (qurTTa muSaTa
partiis) winaaRmdeg warmoebuli brZolis farglebSi. Mganmcxadeblis
mimarT gamoiyenes
“palestinuri dakideba” _ igi gaaSiSvles, xelebi
zurgs ukan Seukres da xelebiTve Camokides. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom
qmedeba winaswarganzraxuli iyo da mis gansaxorcieleblad garkveuli
momzadeba da zomebis miReba aucilebeli iqneboda. mopyrobis mizani iyo
ganmcxadeblisgan aRiarebebis an informaciis miReba. sasamarTlom dasZina,
rom ganmcxadebelma ara mxolod sastiki tkivili ganicada, aramed aseve
samedicino daskvnis Tanaxmad, mopyrobam garkveuli droiT orive xelis
paralizeba gamoiwvia. sasamarTlos ganmartebiT, rom mopyroba imdenad
seriozuli da sastiki iyo, rom igi wamebad CaTvala.
eleqtroSoki
 saqmeSi “kakiCi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1999), uSiSroebis samsaxuris mier
samxreT-aRmosavleT TurqeTSi dazaralebulis dakavebis Semdeg igi
gauCinarda. sasamarTlom daadgina,
rom mopovebuli mtkicebuleba
adasturebda,
rom
ganmcxadeblis
mimarT
eleqtroSoki
gamoiyenes;
mowmeebma igi ixiles dasisxlianebuli da maT uTxres, rom ganmcxadebeli
cemes, gatexili hqonda erT-erTi nekni da Tavi gapobili. sasamarTlom
aseTi mopyroba wamebad CaTvala.
 saqmeSi “mikaievi ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2006), dazaralebuli daapatimres da
dakiTxes erT-erTi axalgazrda gogonas gauCinarebasTan dakavSirebiT.
dazaralebuli amtkicebda, rom igi awames, aiZulebdnen erT-erTi
eWvmitanilis Cvenebis dadasturebas, policiis TanamSromlebma yurebSi
gautares eleqtroSoki liTonis samagrebiT, romlebic yuTze mavTuliT
iyo SeerTebuli. mas aseve emuqrebodnen sastiki cemiT da mis sasqeso
organoebze eleqtro Zabvis gamoyenebiT. vinaidan mas ar SeeZlo am wamebis
atana, b-ni mikaievma SeZlo Tavi daZvrena da gadaxta policiis
ganyofilebis meore sarTulis fanjridan Tavis mokvlis mizniT.
sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom b-n mikaievis dapatimrebis dros, saxelmwifo
moxeleebma mis mimarT sastiki mopyroba gamoiyenes, romlis mizani iyo
aRiarebis an im danaSaulebebze informaciis mopoveba, romlebSic is
eWvmitanilad cnes. aseTma mopyrobam gamoiwvia imdenad seriozuli
fizikuri da fsiqikuri tkivili, rom man scada Tavis mokvla, ramac
ganmcxadeblis zogadi da mudmivi fizikuri invalidoba gamoiwvia.
sasamarTlom gadawyvita, rom mopyrobis sisastikis xarisxma Seadgina
wameba, riTac dairRva me-3 muxli.
© interights 2007
wamebis meTodebis kombinacia
 saqmeSi “abdulsamet iamani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2004), ganmcxadeblis
ganmartebiT, policiaSi daakavebis Semdeg is hyavdaT Tvalebaxveuli,
gaaSiSvles da Casves civ wyalSi. igi aseve aRniSnavda, rom Werze arsebul
milebze xelebiT Camokides, aiZules skamze dadgoma da mis sxeulze,
kerZod ki sasqeso organoebze, miamagres eleqtro kabelebi. amis Semdeg,
skami, romelzec igi idga, gamoacales da igi iyo dakidebuli, rodesac
mis sxeulze gaatares eleqtroSoki. man aRniSna, rom policiis
TanamSromlebi drodadro TiSavdnen eleqtro Soks da uWerdnen saTesle
jirkvlebze.
ganmcxadebeli
eyrdnoboda
or
samedicino
daskvnas.
sasamarTlom, gaiTvaliswina ra mopyrobis buneba da xarisxi da
mtkicebulebaTa safuZvelze gakeTebuli daskvnebi, rom mopyroba miznad
isaxavda abdulsamet iamanisgan qurTTa muSaTa partiasTan misi saeWvo
kavSiris Sesaxeb informaciis mopovebas da aseTi sastiki xasiaTis tanjva
wamebad miiCnia.
cema, muqara sicocxlis da ojaxis winaaRmdeg, seqsualuri muqara da damcireba



saqmeSi
“selmuni
safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg”
(1999),
ganmcxadeblis
ganmartebiT, mas awamebdnen winaswar patimrobaSi yofnis dros, risi
kvalic mis sxeulze farTod SeiniSneboda. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom
pirovnebis janmrTelobis mdgomareobis miuxedavad, miyenebuli ziani
autanel tkivils gamoiwvevda, Tundac sxeulze xilvadi kvali ar
darCeniliyo. damatebiT dasturdeboda, rom mosarCele TmiT aTries,
arbenines derefanSi policiis TanamSromlebs Soris moqceuli, daaCoqes
axalgazrda qalbatonis winaSe, romelsac uTxres: “axla, Sen moismen
simReras”; erT-erTma policiis TanamSromelma ganmcxadebels daanaxa
Tavisi sasqeso organo da uTxra “aha, mowuwne”, Semdeg ki moSarda mis
Tavze da daemuqra naTuriTa da Semdeg SpriciT. aRniSnuli qmedebebis
Zaladobrivi xasiaTis garda, sasamarTlom dasZina, rom isini nebismieri
adamianisTvis miuRebeli da damamcirebeli iqneboda, maTi Cadenis
pirobebis miuxedavad. ganmcxadebelma aitana ara erTi Seuracxyofa
ramdenime dRiani dakiTxvisas. aqedan gamomdinare, sasamarTlom daaskvna,
rom ganmcxadeblis mimarT gamoyenebulma fizikurma da sulierma
Zaladobam, mTlianobaSi, gamoiwvia “sastiki” tkivili da tanjva. amitom,
misi seriozulobisa da sisastikidan gamomdinare es qmedebebi CaiTvala
wamebad me-3 muxlis mniSvnelobiT.
saqmeSi
“ilhani
TurqeTis
winaaRmdeg”
(2000),
patimrobaSI
myof
ganmcxadebels policiaSi urtyamdnen fexebiTa da Tavis areSi iaraRiTac.
ris Sedegadac, mas gauCnda dalurjebebi, dauzianda tvini, da xangrZlivi
droiT funqcia moeSala. garda amisa, ganmcxadebels samedicino daxmareba
36 saaTiT gvian aRmouCines. miyenebuli zianis seriozulobisa da
samedicino daxmarebis dagvianebis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlom daaskvna,
rom ganmcxadebeli wamebis msxverpli gaxda.
saqmeSi “elCi
da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2003), 16 ganmcxadebeli
daakaves qurTTa muSaTa partiaSi monawileobis Taobaze eWvis motiviT.
patimrobaSi yofnis dros maT awamebdnen da cudad epyrobodnen.
© interights 2007



patimrobis pirobebi iyo Semdegi saxis: sicive, sibnele da nesti,
arasaTanado loginis TeTreuli, kveba da sanitaruli mowyobilobebi.
zogierT ganmcxadebels mieyenes Seuracxyofa, daamcires, cemes da
daaSines aRierebebis xelmowerisas. gansakuTrebiT rTul momentebSi
ganmcxadeblebs
Tvalebs
uxvevdnen.
sasamarTlom
daaskvna,
rom
mTlianobaSi saqmis garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, oTxma ganmcxadebelma
gansakuTrebiT seriozuli da sastiki xasiaTis fizikuri da fsiqiuri
Zaladoba ganicada Jandarmeriis mxridan da amitom aseTi mopyroba
wamebad dakvalificirda.
saqmeSi “bati da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2004), sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom cameti ganmcxadebeli, romelTagan oTxi 18 wlis an
umcrosi iyo, xolo erT-erTi ki - orsuli, policiaSi patimrobaSi
yofnisas fizikur tkivilsa da tanjvas mudmivad ganicdidnen, vinaidan ar
icodnen ra moelodaT da Tanac maT mimarT intensiur Zaladobas
iyenebdnen. sasamarTlos azriT, aseTi mopyroba ganzrax xorcieldeobda
saxelmwifo moxeleebis mier TavianTi movaleobebis Sesrulebisas
aRiarebebis an informaciis miRebis mizniT. ganmcxadeblebis mimarT
gamoyenebuli Zaladoba, misi miznisa da xangrZlivobis gaTvaliswinebiT,
gansakuTrebiT seriozuli da sastiki iyo da gamoiwvia “Zlieri” tkivili
da tanjva, rac “wamebad” CaiTvala.
saqmeSi “bursuki rumineTis winaaRmdeg” (2004), sagzao policiis orma
TanamSromelma ganmcxadebeli gaaCera da mimarTa arazrdilobiani
formiT. Mmas Semdeg rac igive formiT upasuxa ganmcxadebelmac, mas TavSi
rezinis xelketi Caartyes, daades borkilebi, cemdnen manqanaSi policiis
ganyofilebaSi miyvanamde. ganyofilebaSi, ganmcxadebeli xelebiT aTries
saxiT qvemoT da eqvsi sxva TanamSromeli mas fexebiT urtyamda. igi
saavadmyofoSi waiyvanes dilis 2 saaTze da dausves Semdegi diagnozi:
“miyenebuli hqonda mwvave dazianebebi Tavis qalaze, tvinsa da Tvalis
garsze”. aTi dRis Semdeg, igi gadaiyvanes sxva saavadmyofoSi “tvinis
gasiebis, travmis Semdeg gamwvavebuli anginisa da anusis Caxevis
samkurnalod”.
sasamarTlom
daadgina,
rom
ganmcxadeblis
mimarT
gamoyenebuli Zaladoba gansakuTrebiT seriozuli da sastiki iyo da
gamoiwvia “seriozuli” tkivili da tanjva; Sesabamisad, sasamarTlom
konvenciis me-3 muxli darRveulad miiCnia.
saqmeSi “korsakovi moldoveTis winaaRmdeg” (2006), 17 wlis ganmcxadebeli
qurdobis braldebiT daapatimres. mas daades borkilebi da rogorc
policiis ganyofilebaSi miyvanamde, ise Semdegac ayenebdnen Seuracxyofas.
kerZod, mas urtyes fexebiT, muStebiTa da xelketebiT mTel sxeulze da
terfebze. Semdeg igi Camokides liTonis Zelze didi xniT. momdevno
saRamos igi gaaTavisufles da mogvianebiT mis winaaRmdeg Sewyda sisxlis
samarTlis saqme. miyenebuli dazianebebis Sedegad, ganmcxadebelma
saavadmyofoSi daaxloebiT 70 dRe sxvadasxva intervalebiT gaatara. misi
janmrTelobis mdgomareoba gauaresda iseT donemde, rom mas daudginda
meore xarisxis invalidoba, romelic, moldoveTis kanonmdeblobis
Tanaxmad, niSnavs 50-75 %-iT Sromis unarianobis dakargvas. sasamarTlom
didi mniSvneloba mianiWa ganmcxadeblis axalgazrda asaks. Tumca man
daadgina, rom mopyrobis kategoriis dadgenaSi gadamwyvet faqtors
© interights 2007
falaka (terfebSi cema) warmoadgenda, rac cudi mopryobis gansakuTrebiT
mZime formaa, miznad isaxavs informaciis mopovebas, dasjas an daSinebas
da wamebad iTvleba.
garemoebaTa erToblioba: dasjis SiSi, dakavebis pirobebi, samedicino
mkurnalobis ararseboba
 saqmeSi “ilasku da sxvebi moldoveTisa da ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2004),
oTxi ganmcxadebeli daapatimres da brali dasdes sabWoTa wyobis
winaaRmdeg
mimarTul
saqmianobebSi,
dnestrispireTis
saxelmwifos
winaaRmdeg ukanono saSualebebiT brZolasa da sxva danaSaulebSi, maT
Soris, mkvlelobaSi. patimrobis ganmavlobaSi maT cudad epyrobodnen.
sami maTgani waiyvanes ruseTis armiis garnizonSi, sadac, maTi mtkicebiT,
maT darajobdnen da awamebdnen armiis jariskacebi. maT ar uSvebdnen
gareT da moaTavses iseT saknebSi, romlebsac ar hqonda sapirfareSo,
wyali an bunebrivi ganaTeba, da yoveldRiurad eZleodaT mxolod 15
wuTiani varjiSis ufleba sufTa haerze. amis Semdeg ganmcxadeblebi
moaTavses policiis mTavar sammarTvelos saknebSi bunebrivi ganaTebis
gareSe; ganmcxadeblebs ar hqondaT arc mimoweris da arc advokatis
ayvanis ufleba, xolo ojaxis wevrebTan Sexvedrebi dasaSvebi iyo mxolod
Sexedulebisamebr. gasamarTlebis Semdeg, ganmcxadeblebi moaTavses
izolirebul saknebSi bunebrivi ganaTebis gareSe. patimrobis pirobebma
gamoiwvia maTi janmrTelobis gauareseba, magram miuxedavad amisa maT
saTanado samedicino daxmareba ar miuRiaT. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom
ganmcxadeblebi mudmivad ganicdidnen dasjis SiSs, ver sargeblobdnen
samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebiT da tanjvas is faqti ufro amZimebda,
rom ganaCeni ukanono iyo da raime iuridiuli safuZveli ar gaaCnda, im
garemoebaTa aSkarad TviTneburi xasiaTis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlebSic
ganmcxadeblebi
gaasamarTles.
pirobebi,
romlebSic
pirveli
ganmcxadebeli imyofeboda, misi janmrTelobisTvis saziano iyo, mas aseve
arc saTanado samedicino daxmareba da kveba miuRia. garda amisa,
mimowerasa
da
vizitebTan
dakavSirebiT
miRebuli
TviTneburi
gadawyvetilebebi patimrobis pirobebs ufro amZimebda. Sedegad, pirveli
ganmcxadeblis mimarT dairRva me-3 muxlis moTxovnebi da is gaxda wamebis
msxverpli. mesame ganmcxadebelsac ar gaaCnda adekvaturi kveba da
samedicino momsaxureba, patimrobis aseTi pirobebi da ganmcxadeblisadmi
damokidebuleba CaiTvala wamebad.
iZulebiTi kveba gansakuTrebiT sastiki da damamcirebeli formiT
 saqmeSi “nevmerJicki ukrainis winaaRmdeg” (2005), patimrobaSi myofi
moSimSile ganmcxadeblis mimarT iZulebiTi kveba gamoiyenes, ramac, masSi
seriozuli mentaluri da fizikuri tanjva gamoiwvia. mas xSirad abamdnen
skamze an gamaTbobelze borkilebiT da aiZulebdnen rezinis milis
gadaylapvas,
romelzec
sakvebi
miqsturiT
savse
WurWelze
iyo
mierTebuli.
sasamarTlom
daadgina,
rom
marTalia
saxelmwifos
warmomadgenlebma brZanebis safuZvelze mimarTes iZulebiT kvebas, magram
iZulebis saSualebaTa – borkilebi, piris gamafarToebeli, sakveb arxze
mierTebuli specialuri milis ZaliT gamoyeneba, miuxedavad mosarCelis
© interights 2007
winaaRmdegobisa, imdenad sastiki xasiaTis iyo, rom igi wamebad unda
CaiTvalos.
gaupatiureba (da/an gaupatiurebis muqara)
 saqmeSi “aidini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg”, qalbatoni daapatimres mamasTan da
rZalTan erTad. isini soflis mcvelebma da Jandarmerebma waiyvanes
Jandarmeriis Stab-binaSi. ganmcxadebeli patimrobaSi Tvalebaxveuli
imyofeboda. mas scemdnen, moaTavses saburavSi, sadac uSvebdnen didi
wneviT wyals. Semdeg igi waiyvanes sxva oTaxSi, sadac gaaSiSvles da
uSiSroebis samsaxuris TanamSromelma gaaupatiura. is da misi ojaxis
sxva
wevrebi
gaaTavisufles
sam
dReSi.
xelisuflebis
TqmiT,
ganmcxadebeli
da
misi
ojaxis
wevrebi
arasdros
imyofebodnen
patimrobaSi. im dros ganmcxadebeli iyo 17 wlis da mis mimarT fizikuri
da fsiqikuri Zaladobis sxva formebic gamoiyenes. aseTi SemaZrwunebeli
da damamcirebeli mopyroba da Zaladobrivi qmedebebis erToblioba,
gansakuTrebiT ki gaupatiureba, sasamarTlos mier wamebad CaiTvala.
 saqmeSi “meneSeva ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2006), ganmcxadebeli, 19 wlis
gogona,
daapatimres policiis TanamSromlebma, vinaidan iZiebdnen
mkvlelobis saqmes, romelSic eWvmitanili gogonas megobari biWi l. Iyo;
dakavebul ganmcxadebels eqceodnen uxeSad da emuqrebodnen mas da mis
ojaxs. Gganmcxadeblis ganmartebiT, policiis ganyofilebaSi mas cudad
epyrobodnen, kerZod, ramdenime policiis TanamSromeli gudavda da cemda
mas joxiT; aseve sityvier Seuracxyofas ayenebdnen da emuqrebodnen
gaupatiurebiT da mis ojaxze Zaladobis gamoyenebiT. im dRes mogvianebiT
igi waiyvanes saxlSi, magram kvlav daakaves da ufro cudad moepyrnen.
sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom mocemul momentSi ganmcxadebeli mxolod 19
wlis iyo da rogorc qalbatoni, romelic winaaRmdegobas uwevda
ramdenime
mamakac
policiels,
gansakuTrebiT
daucveli
aRmoCnda.
sasamarTlom isic dasZina, rom Zaladoba ramdenime saaTi grZeldeboda,
romlis drosac mas orjer cemes da gamoiyenes fizikuri da moraluri
zemoqmedebis sxva sastiki formebi.
misi miznisa da sisastikis
gaTvaliswinebiT, mocemuli Zaladobis SemTxveva warmoadgens wamebas
konvenciis me-3 muxlis mniSvnelobiT.
2.3 araadamianuri mopyroba da dasja
2.3.1 “mopyroba” da “dasja”
“mopyroba” da “dasja” terminebis pirdapiri mniSvnelobebiT gansxvavdebian.
precedentebis
SedarebiT
naklebi
raodenobaa
dasjasTan
dakavSirebiT.
sasamarTlos mier ganxilul saqmeTa umravlesoba exeba mopyrobas patimrobis
periodSi. Tumca, aris saqmeebi, rogoricaa “taireri gaerTianebuli samefos
winaaRmdeg” (1978), romelic dasjis gamoyenebas exeba. Cveulebriv, udavoa dasjas
hqonda Tu ara adgili.

saqmeSi “taireri gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1978), ganmcxadebeli
gaasamarTles da miusajes “garozgva”. es gulisxmobda policiis
© interights 2007
TanamSromlebis mier ganmcxadeblis mimarT Zalis gamoyenebas _
specialurad momzadebuli rozgiT dundulebSi cemas. ramdenime faqtoris
mxedvelobaSi miRebiT, sasamarTlom daadgina, rom igi iTvleba Rirsebis
Semlaxav dasjad.
2.3.2 gansxvaveba
mopyrobas Soris
wamebas,
araadamianur
mopyrobasa
da
Rirsebis
Semlaxav
gansxvaveba wamebasa da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas Soris, ZiriTadad,
gamomdinareobs miyenebuli tkivilis sxvadasxva intensiobidan. (ix. irlandia
gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (zemoT) paragrafi 167).
amasTanave, wamebis SemTxvevaSi, erTis mxriv, aucilebelia dadasturdes
konkretuli miznis arseboba, rogorc es zemoT iqna aRniSnuli, rac ar
moiTxoveba mopyrobis sxva formebis SemTxvevaSi. araadamianuri da ufro dabal
doneze Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba SesaZlebelia gamoiwvios umoqmedobam da
ara ganzraxma moqmedebam.
xSirad
sasamarTlo
adgens,
rom
dazaralebulma
ganicada
rogorc
araadamianuri ise Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba. Tumca, misi precedentuli
samarTali erTmaneTisagan ori saxis mopyrobas asxvavebs. sasamarTlo Tvlis,
rom mopryoba aris “araadamianuri”, Tu igi, inter alia, aris winaswar ganzraxuli,
ramdenime saaTi uwyvetad grZeldeba da sxeulis dazianeba an intensiuri
fizikuri da sulieri tkivili gamoiwvia. mopyroba iTvleba “Rirsebis
Semlaxavad”, Tu man gamoiwvia dazaralebulSi SiSis, tanjvis da daucvelobis
grZnoba, rac amcirebda da Seuracxyofda mas. imis Sefasebisas, iyo Tu ara
mopyrobis konkretuli forma “Rirsebis Semlaxavi” me-3 muxlis mniSvnelobiT,
sasamarTlom unda daadginos, mopyrobis mizani aris Tu ara piris damcireba da
daknineba da Sedegebma uaryofiTi gavlena iqonies Tu ara pirovnebaze. Tumca,
aqac, rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, amgvari miznis ararseboba sabolood ver
gamoricxavs me-3 muxlis darRvevis faqts.
qvemoT ganxilulia konkretuli saqmeebi sasamarTlos praqtikidan imis
sademonstraciod, Tu ra SemTxvevaSi da pirobebis arsebobisas adgens
sasamarTlo araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis faqtebs.
2.3.3 araadamianuri mopyrobis magaliTebi
2.3.3.1 Zaladoba dapatimrebisa da dakavebis dros
fizikuri Zaladobis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia konkretul SemTxvevaSi ar
warmoadgendes wamebas, magram sasamarTlos mainc SeuZlia gamoitanos
gadawyvetileba me-3 muxlis darRvevis Sesaxeb im motiviT, rom mopyroba
araadamianuri mopyrobis xasiaTs atarebda. araadamianuri mopyrobas ufro
xSirad patimrobaSi myofi pirebis mimarT aqvs adgili. magaliTad, sasamarTlo
araadamianur mopyrobad policiis TanamSromlebis mier patimarTa/dakavebulTa
cemas miiCnevs.
© interights 2007






saqmeSi “irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1978), zogierTi
dakavebuli piri Cioda, rom samarTaldamcavi organoebis TanamSromlebi
maT fexebiTa da muStebiT cemdnen. samedicino daskvnam daadastura, rom
maT hqondaT dalurjebebi da kontuzia, romelic dakavebis periodSi
daemarTaT. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom cemis Sedegad maT intensiuri
tanjva da mZime fizikuri dazianebebi miiRes; Sedegad, aseTi Zaladoba
araadamianuri mopyrobis kategoriaSi moeqca.
saqmeSi “tomasi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (1992), samedicino daskvnaSi
naTqvami iyo, rom ganmcxadebels aReniSneboda daJeJilobebi da nakawrebi,
romelic miyenebuli iyo policiaSi dakavebis periodSi. sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom samedicino mtkicebulebam daadastura baton tomasze
mravaljeradi
dartymebis
miyenebis
faqti
da
maTi
intensioba.
sasamarTlom gadawyvita, rom es ori elementi erTobliobaSi sakmarisi
iyo imisaTvis, rom mopyroba mieCnia araadamianurad da Rirsebis
Semlaxavad.
saqmeSi
“hulki giunesi
TurqeTis
winaaRmdeg”(2003),
ganmcxadeblis
aRiarebiT, is gaxda sastiki mopyrobis msxverpli. patimrobis dros
Catarebulma samedicino Semowmebam cxadyo nakawrebisa da silurjeebis
arseboba.
sasamarTlom
ganacxada,
rom
Zaladobrivi
qmedebebi
garkveulwilad mZime iyo da grZeldeboda 15 dRe. Aamdenad, mopyroba
araadamianurad da Rirsebis Semlaxavad CaiTvala.
saqmeSi “balogi ungreTis winaaRmdeg” (2004), dakiTxvis msvlelobisas,
erT-erTi policieli ganmcxadebels saxis aresa da marcxena yurSi
gamudmebiT urtyamda. gaTavisuflebidan or dReSi, ganmcxadebels
Cautarda operacia yuris barabnis aRsadgenad. sasamarTlom miyenebuli
zianis gaTvaliswinebiT me-3 muxlis darRveva daadgina.
saqmeSi “r.l da m.-j.d safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (2004), policielebma
damorCilebis mizniT ganmcxadeblebze gamoiyenes Zala. Tavis mxriv,
ganmcxadeblebma gauwies winaaRmdegoba. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom
ganmcxadeblebze
aRmoCenili
dalurjebebi
da
dasiebebi
imdenad
mravalricxovani da didi zomis iyo, aseve amiT gamowveuli Sromis
uunarobis
periodi
imdenad
xangrZlivi,
rom
dasamorCileblad
gamoyenebuli Zala gadaWarbebulad CaiTvala. sasamarTlom gadawyvita,
rom policielebis qmedeba arRvevda me-3 muxls.
saqmeSi “rivasi safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg” (2004) patimrobis dros
Catarebuli dakiTxvisas, policielma aRkveTa ganmcxadeblis gaqceva
sazardulSi muxlis CartymiT. Sedegad, mas dauzianda saTesle jirkvali
da daWirda qirurgiuli Careva, xolo xuTi dRis ganmavlobaSi Sromis
unarianobac dakarga. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom miyenebuli tkivilisa da
ganmcxadeblis
asakis
mxedvelobaSi
miRebiT,
momxdari
qmedeba
araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis tolfasi iyo.
2.3.3.2 seriozuli samedicino gulgriloba dakavebis dros

saqmeSi
“muise
safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg”
msjavrdebuli patimari, daavadda leikemiiT,
(2002),
ganmcxadebeli,
romelic seriozulad
© interights 2007


progresirda patimrobis dros. samedicino daskvnaSi naTqvami iyo, rom mas
esaWiroeboda
stabiluri
samedicino
mkurnaloba
saavadmyofoSi.
safrangeTis xelisuflebas samedicino daskvnaze reagireba ar mouxdenia.
sasamarTlom dasZina, rom me-3 muxli ar dairRveoda, Tu ganmcxadebels
moaTavsebdnen saavadmyofoSi zedamxedvelobis qveS, gansakuTrebiT RamiT.
sasamarTlos azriT, adgilobrivma organoebma ar gauwies ganmcxadebels
saTanado samedicino daxmareba da daadgina, rom is daeqvemdebara
araadamianur mopyrobas me-3 muxlis darRveviT.
saqmeSi “maqglinCei gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (2003), 1998 wlis 7
dekembers, cudi janmrTelobis mdgomareobiT ganmcxadeblis qaliSvili
cixeSi moaTavses. mas Cautarda mkurnaloba asTmaze da heroinze
damokidebulebisgan gasaTavisufleblad. cixeSi miyvanis droisTvis, misi
wona 50 kg-s Seadgenda. dazaralebuls TiTqmis gamudmebiT ereoda guli
da dapatimrebis pirveli xuT dRis ganmavlobaSi wonaSi seriozulad
daiklo _ TiTqmis 10 kg-iT. mas gulisreva hqonda yvela saxis saWmelze da
cotaoden siTxezec. pirveli xuTi dRis manZilze, dazaralebuls eqimebi
xSirad naxulobdnen. Tumca, misi cixeSi Seyvanidan pirvel SabaT-kviras
igi eqimebma ar moinaxules. 14 dekembers, orSabaTs dilas mas ewvia eqimi,
romelmac
dazaralebuli
aRmoaCina kolapsSi,
ris Semdegac
igi
saavadmyofoSi gadaiyvanes. dazaralebuli ver gamojanmrTelda da ori
kviris Semdeg gardaicvala. mokvlevisas aRmoCnda rom cixis saswori ar
iyo zusti, xolo erT-erTi eqimi ZiriTadad dazaralebulis miseul
klinikur Sefasebas daeyrdno vidre awonvis Sedegebs. sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom me-3 muxlis moTxovnebi dairRva. gansakuTrebiT miuTiTa im
garemoebaze, rom cixis administraciam ver uzrunvelyo zusti saswori
dazaralebulis wonis daklebis gamosavlenad. wonis daklebis faqti
aucileblad SeaSfoTebda cixis administracias ganmcxadeblis mZime
janmrTelobis mdgomareobidan gamomdinare, magram sasworis uzustobis
gamo es garemoeba ar gaiTvaliswina. garda amisa, sasamarTlos azriT,
Secdoma iyo is, rom eqimma SabaT-kviras dazaralebuli ar moinaxula,
maSin rodesac man wonaSi mniSvnelovnad daiklo da cixis administraciam
efeqturi zomebi misi mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad ver miiRo,
magaliTad, saavadmyofoSi gadayvana da
medikamentebis da siTxis
intravenuri
miReba
an
eqspertis
daxmareba
gulisrevis
gasakontroleblad. cixis administraciis qmedeba araadamianur da
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad CaiTvala.
saqmeSi “tekini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1998) ganmcxadebeli, romelsac
mxolod erTi Tirkmeli hkonda, moaTavses sakanSi, sadac temperatura iyo
nuls qvemoT, ar iyo sawoli da sabani da ar eZleoda sakvebi da siTxe.
ramdenime dRe ganmcxadebeli versad wveboda. sasamarTlom es mopyroba
CaTvala araadaminur da Rirsebis Semlaxavad.
2.3.3.3 mtkicebulebis mopovebis mizniT samedicino Careva
sasamarTlom ganixila saqmeebi, romlebSic ganmcxadeblebi samedicino Carevas
saWiroebdnen. Gganmcxadeblebis mtkicebiT, maT fizikur xelSeuxeblobaze
iZulebiTma zemoqmedebam me-3 muxli daarRvia. sasamarTlos iSviaTad daudgenia,
© interights 2007
rom samedicino Carevis Sedegad sisastikis minimaluri zRvari miRweuli iqna.
misi ganmartebiT, konvencia, rogorc wesi, iZulebiTi samedicino Carevis
gamoyenebas ar krZalavs, rac danaSaulis gamoZiebas xels Seuwyobs (ix. X
niderlandebis
winaaRmdeg,
8239/78,
komisiis
gadawyvetileba
1978)
da,
aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, saWiro (gadaudebeli) samedicino daxmarebis
gawevasac. am TvalsazrisiT, mtkicebulebis mopovebis mizniT piris fizikuri
xelSeuxeblobis xelyofa mkacri ganxilvis sagans unda warmoadgendes.
 saqmeSi “jalo germaniis winaaRmdeg” (2006), ganmcxadebelma, romelic
daapatimres rogorc narkotikebis tarebaSi eWvmitanili, gadaylapa mcire
zomis paketi, romelic pirSi edo. vinaidan, mas ar aRmoaCnda narkotikebi,
kompetenturma prokurorma gasca brZaneba misTvis gulis revis gamomwvevi
saSualebis (brexmiteli) micemis Taobaze, raTa mas amoeRo gadaylapuli
paketi.
ganmcxadebelma
uari
Tqva
medikamentis
miRebaze.
oTxma
policielma daiWira igi, rodesac eqimma cxvirSi Seuyo mili da
iZulebiT SeuSva marilis xsnari da ipekakuanas sirofi. eqimma aseve
gaukeTa apomorfinis ineqcia, romelic morfinis nairsaxeobaa. Sedegad,
ganmcxadebelma mcire zomis paketi amoiRo, romelSic 0.2182 g. Kokaini
iyo moTavsebuli. sasamarTlo ukmayofileba gamoTqva imis Taobaze, rom
mtkicebulebis
mosapoveblad
gulis
revis
gamomwvevi
saSualeba
gamoiyenes. prokuraturas,
ubralod,
SeeZlo dalodeboda,
vidre
narkotikebi bunebrivad gamovidoda ganmcxadeblis sxeulidan, vinaidan am
meTods evrosabWos wevr-saxelmwifoTa umravlesoba narkotikebTan
dakavSirebuli danaSaulebis gamoZiebisas iyenebs. rac Seexeba gulis
revis gamomwvevi preparatis gamoyenebis meTods, sasamarTlom aRniSna,
rom aseTi Zalis gamoyenebis Sedegad cxvirSi moTavsebuli milidan
xsnari Cavida mis kuWSi fizikuri da fsiqologiuri winaaRmdegobis
aRsakveTad. es ganmcxadebels tkivilsa da tanjvas miayenebda. amis
Semdeg, kidev erTxel misi nebis winaaRmdeg, gaukeTes erTi gulis revis
gamomwvevi saSualeba ineqciis saxiT. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom
mxedvelobaSia misaRebi ganmcxadeblis mier gancdili fsiqikuri
tkivilic, sanam gulis revis gamomwvevi saSualebebi moaxdenda reaqcias
da is faqtic, rom mTel am periodSi igi dakavebuli da kontrolis qveS
iyo. aseT pirobebSi iZulebiT gulisrevis gamowveva damamcirebeli
iqneboda misTvis, rasakvirvelia, ufro metad, vidre narkotikebis
sxeulidan bunebrivad gamosvlisTvis lodini. amrigad, sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom germaniis xelisuflebam ganmcxadeblis fizikuri da
fsiqikuri xelSeuxebloba iZulebiT xelyo.
2.3.3.4 bavSvebis dapatimreba
bavSvebis dapatimrebis sakiTxi imsaxurebs gansakuTrebul yuradRebas da
mniSvnelovani msjelobis sagania. arasrulwlovanis dapatimrebisTvis unda
arsebobdes Zalian Zlieri da gadaudebeli mizezi. am situaciaSi sxva
SemTxvevebze ufro metad unda arsebobdes ultimum remedium. garda amisa,
aucilebelia arasrulwlovanebisTvis specialuri pirobebis uzrunvelyofa,
rogoricaa ganaTleba. bavSvebis moTavseba mozardebTan erTad, gansakuTrebiT
ki marto, warmoadgens araadamianur mopyrobas.
© interights 2007

saqmeSi “mobilanzila maieka da kaniki mitunga belgiis winaaRmdeg” (2006),
xuTi wlis gogona, biZasTan erTad mogzaurobda kongos demokratiuli
respublikidan kanadaSi belgiis gavliT, sadac mas miRebuli hqonda
ltolvilis statusi. saTanado dokumentebis ararsebobis gamo, is
daakaves da marto moaTavses ucxoelebisTvis gankuTvnil sapatimroSi. aq
mas hqonda igive pirobebi, rac mozardebs. gogona or Tveze meti vadiT
iyo
dakavebuli
mozardebisTvis
gankuTvnil
ganyofilebaSi,
imis
gauTvaliswineblad, rom mas Tan arc mSoblebi axldnen da arc
zedamxedveli dauniSnes. mas arc saTanado konsultacia miuRia da arc
saganmanaTleblo daxmareba specialurad daniSnuli kvalificirebuli
piris mxridan. ufro metic, belgiis xelisuflebam aRiara, rom sapatimro
ar akmayofilebda bavSvis moTxovnilebebs da im momentSi ar arsebobda
saTanado
Senoba.
sasamarTlom
gaiTvaliswina
gogonas
Zalian
axalgazrda asaki, is rom igi iyo ukanonod myofi ucxoeli da mas Tan
ar axlda ojaxi, romelsac igi CamoSorda da darCa marto; Sesabamisad,
sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom gogona aRmoCnda gansakuTrebiT daucvel
situaciaSi. belgiis xelisuflebis mier miRebuli zomebi ar iyo
adekvaturi im valdebulebis Sesasruleblad, romlis mixedviTac maT
unda ezrunaT bavSvze yvela arsebuli zomis miRebiT. patimrobis
pirobebis gamo tabita mZime mdgomareobaSi aRmoCnda. saxelmwifo
organoebs, romlebmac igi daakaves, unda gaeTvaliswinebinaT is
seriozuli fsiqologiuri Sedegebi, romelsac gamoiwvevda misi aseT
pirobebSi moTavseba. sasamarTlos azriT, misi dapatimreba ar iyo
humanuri da, Sesabamisad, warmoadgens araadamianur mopyrobas.
sxva saqmeebSi, sadac bavSvebis moTxovnilebebis dasakmayofileblad adekvaturi
pirobebi iyo Seqmnili da metic, bavSvebis dacvisa da disciplinirebis mizniT,
sasamarTlom minimaluri zRvari miRweulad ar CaTvala (ix. mag. aertsi belgiis
winaaRmdeg, 1998 da d.g. irlandiis winaaRmdeg 2002).
mopyroba, romelic iwvevs ufro metad sulier vidre fizikur tanjvas,
garkveul garemoebebSi, araadamianur mopyrobad kvalificirdeba.
 saqmeSi “irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1978), eWvmitanili
teroristebi daakaves ramdenime saaTiT, romlis drosac maT mimarT
gamoiyenes e.w. dakiTxvis xuTi teqnika. esenia, iZulebiT farTod gaSlili
xelebiTa da fexebiT dadgoma, xelebi Tavs zemoT, sakvebis ararseboba,
Zilis dafrTxoba, mudmivi xmauri da saxeebze muqi feris Tavsaburavebis
dafareba. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom maT mimarT erTdroulad xuTi
meTodis gamoyenebam ramdenime saaTis manZilze mZime sxeulis dazianebebi
Tu ara, intensiuri fizikuri da fsiqikuri tanjva da mwvave sulieri
aSliloba
mainc
gamoiwvia
dakiTxvis
dros.
Sesabamisad,
isini
araadamianuri mopyrobis msxverplni gaxdnen me-3 muxlis mniSvnelobiT.
© interights 2007
dazaralebulis mimarT Zaladobis muqara SeiZleba Seadgendes araadamianur
mopyrobas, rodesac aseTi muqara sakmarisad realuri da gadaudebelia. muqaram
unda gamoiwvios araadamianuri mopyrobisTvis damaxasiaTebeli xarisxis tanjva.
sasamarTlos azriT, saqmeSi “kempbeli da kosansi gaerTianebuli samefos
winaaRmdeg” (1982), 26-e paragrafi, dakavebulis mimarT wamebis muqara SeiZleba
warmoadgendes araadamianur mopyrobas, Tu muqara aris realuri da
gadaudebeli da iwvevs intensiur fsiqiur aSlilobas (ix. amis sawinaaRmdegod,
tekini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2005), sadac sasamarTlom ar daadastura wamebis
muqaris faqti, razec ganmcxadebeli miuTiTebda da me-3 muxli darRveulad ar
cno).
2.3.3.6 SiSi da tanjva ojaxis wevrTa iZulebiTi gauCinarebis an maT mimarT sxva
cudi mopyrobis gamo
sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom saxelmwifo pasuxs agebs mis mier dakavebuli piris
gauCinarebaze me-2 muxlis safuZvelze, iseve rogorc im sulier tanjvazec,
romelic gauCinarebis Sedegad dazaralebulis ojaxs miadga. Ganmcxadebelma
naTlad unda gamoxatos mis mier gancdili seriozuli tanjva ojaxis wevris
gauCinarebisa da saxelmwifos mier piris adgilsamyofelis daudgenlobis gamo.


saqmeSi
“kurti
TurqeTis
winaaRmdeg”
(1998),
ganmcxadebeli
iyo
axalgazrda ymawvilis deda, romelic daapatimres samxreT-aRmosavleT
TurqeTSi
da
mogvianebiT
ugzo-ukvlod
daikarga.
Ganmcxadebeli
miuTiTebda, rom mis mimarT dairRva me-3 muxli, vinaidan misi vaJiSvilis
adgilsamyofelis
arcodnis
gamo
mudmiv
stresSi
imyofeboda.
sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom ganmcxadebeli TviTon iyo TviTmxilveli
imisa, Tu rogor daapatimres misi vaJi; SemdgomSi, is cdilobda daedgina
ra bedi ewia Tavis vaJiSvils, magram yoveli misi mcdeloba reagirebis
gareSe rCeboda. aRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom
ganmcxadebelma ganicada araadamianuri mopyroba da mis mimarT adgili
hqonda me-3 muxlis darRvevas.
Tumca, sasamarTlom, saqmeSi “kakiCi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1999), aRniSna,
rom kurtis saqmiT rame zogadi principi ar dadgenila, romliTac
“gauCinarebuli piris” ojaxis wevri me-3 muxlis darRvevis msxverplad
unda CaiTvalos. sasamarTlom ramdenime faqtorze xazgasmiT ganacxada,
rom ojaxis wevris msxverplad miCneva calkeuli faqtorebis arsebobazea
damokidebuli; rac ganmcxadebelSi emociuri aSlilobisgan gansxvavebul
tanjvas
iwvevs, romelic udaod miadgeboda adamianis uflebis uxeSi
darRvevis msxverplis naTesavebs.
sasamarTlom daadgina, rom erT-erTi mniSvnelovani faqtoria ojaxuri
siaxlove. am konteqstSi, garkveuli mniSvneloba mieniWeba mSoblisa da Svilis
urTierTobas – urTierTobis konkretul garemoebebs, gaxda Tu ara ojaxis
wevri momxdari SemTxvevis mowme, ojaxis wevris mcdelobebi moipovos raime
informacia gauCinarebuli piris Sesaxeb da saxelmwifo organoebis sapasuxo
reagireba. sasamarTlom xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom darRvevis dasadgenad
mniSvnelovania ara ojaxis wevris Tavad “gauCinarebis” faqti, aramed
© interights 2007
saxelmwifo organoebis reagireba da damokidebuleba iseTi SemTxvevebis
mimarT, romlebic maTTvis cnobili gaxda. swored maTi pasuxismgeblobis
sakiTxi dgeba, rodesac naTesavi Tavs acxadebs xelisuflebis “qmedebis”
uSualo msxverplad. kakiCis saqmeSi ganmcxadebeli iyo gauCinarebuli piris Zma.
igi ar iyo misi Zmis dakavebis TviTmxilveli da arc SemdgomSi miuRia zomebi
misi adgilsamyofelis dasadgenad. sasamarTlom am garemoebebis safuZvelze me-3
muxli darRveulad ar miiCnia.
 saqmeSi “tanisi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2005) sasamarTlom ganixila,
Seadgenda
Tu
ara
naTesavebis
iZulebiTi
gauCinarebis
gamo
ganmcxadeblebis emociuri aSliloba me-3 muxlis darRvevas. is, rom
ganmcxadeblebi mZime gancdebSi imyofebodnen dasturdeboda imiT, rom
isini cdilobdnen gaerkviaT Tu ra bedi ewiaT maT naTesavebs. vinaidan
ganmcxadeblebi kvlav mZime stresul mdgomareobaSi imyofebodnen maTi
naTesavebis gauCinarebis gamo, sasamarTlom CaTvala, rom ganmcxadebelTa
mimarT araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas hqonda adgili.
 saqmeSi “bazorkina ruseTis federaciis winaaRmdeg” (2006) sasamarTlom
ganixila ganmcxadeblis saCivari misi vaJiSvilis gauCinarebiT gancdili
sulieri tanjvis Taobaze. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom ganmcxadebeli iyo
dazaralebulis deda, romelma video kasetaze ixila Tu rogor
kiTxavdnen mis vaJs, xolo Tanmxlebi jariskacebi ki dasjiT emuqrebodnen.
garda amisa, mimarTvebis miuxedavad, ganmcxadebels ar miuRia raime
mniSvnelovani axsna-ganmarteba an informacia, Tu ra bedia ewia mis vaJs
dakiTxvis Semdeg. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom es faqtebi gamoiwvevda
dedis fsiqikur aSlilobasa da tanjvas. xolo, saxelmwifo organoebis
reagireba ganmcxadeblis mimarTvebze araadamianur mopyrobad SeiZleba
CaiTvalos.
uaxloesi
precedentuli
samarTali
momdevno
saqmeebSi,
romlebic
gauCinarebulebis nacvlad im pirebis mSoblebs Seexeba, romelTa mimarT
gamoiyenes me-3 muxliT akrZaluli mopyroba, gviCvenebs, rom maTac SeuZliaT
iCivlon me-3 muxlis darRvevaze saxelmwifo organoebis ukanono qmedebebiT
gamowveuli sulieri tanjvis safuZvelze.

saqmeSi “bertkai TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2001), ganmcxadebeli iyo
axalgazrda ymawvilis mama. Svili patimrobaSi yofnis dros aivnidan
gadmovarda. Gganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, man ganicada sulieri stresi,
vinaidan komatozur mdgomareobaSi myofi vaJis zogadi profilis
saavadmyofodan specializebul saavadmyofoSi gadayvanamde, aiZules
xeli moewera gancxadebaze imis Sesaxeb, rom misi vaJi aivnidan
gadmovarda da es ar iyo policiis brali. am SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlom
ar daadgina, rom ganmcxadeblis mimarT me-3 muxlis darRveva.
sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom Svilma namdvilad miiRo saWiro mkurnaloba,
Tumca mxolod mas Semdeg, rac mamam zemoaRniSnul gancxadebas xeli
moawera. sasamarTlom imsjela, gaxda Tu ara ganmcxadebeli Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyrobis msxverpli da daadgina, rom sisastikis aucilebeli
zRvari miRweuli ar iyo. Tumca, sasamarTlom ar gamoricxa imis
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

SesaZlebloba, rom analogiuri garemoebebis arsebobisas, mSoblis
mimarT me-3 muxlis darRveva mainc dadgindes.
saqmeSi “sultani oneri da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2006), pirveli
ganmcxadebeli, romelsac Tan axlda ori arasrulwlovani Svili (meore
da mesame ganmcxadeblebi), samarTaldamcavi organoebis TanamSromlebma
ukanonod daapatimres da cemes. mas Semdeg rac sasamarTlom pirveli
ganmcxadeblis mimarT me-3 muxli darRveulad miiCnia, igive daskvnamde
mivida meore da mesame ganmcxadeblebTan mimarTebaSic, romlebic dedis
damcirebis mowmeni gaxdnen. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom maT mimarT
gamoiCines gulgriloba, Sedegad, maT dedis mdgomareobiT gamowveuli
usazRvro fizikuri da fsiqologiuri tkivili ganicades.
saqmeSi “mubilanzila maieka da kaniki mitunga belgiis winaaRmdeg” (2006)
– ix. zemoT, Tavi “bavSvebis dapatimreba” – sasamarTlom dedis
uflebebTan dakavSirebiT aRniSna, rom mtkicebulebis Tanaxmad, belgiis
saxelmwifo organoebma mxolod Seatyobines q-n mubilanzila maiekis
qaliSvilis dakavebis Sesaxeb da telefonis nomeri, romliTac
SeZlebda
masTan
dakavSirebas.
aqedan
gamomdinare,
sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom udavoa, igi rogorc deda, ganicdida Rrma stressa da
tanjvas misi qaliSvilis dakavebis gamo. garda amisa, sasamarTlos
azriT, belgiis saxelmwifo organoebma ar miawodes informacia q-n
mubilanzila maiekas qaliSvilis deportaciis Taobaze; gaZevebis Sesaxeb
man mxolod maSin gaigo, rodesac cdilobda SvilTan telefoniT
dakavSirebas, maSin rodesac igi ukve deportirebuli iyo. sasamarTlom
eWvs gareSe miiCnia, rom aRniSnulma gamoiwvia q-n mubilanzila maiekas
sulieri stresi. dedis grZnobebis mimarT gamoxatuli gulgrilobisa
da saqmeSi arsebuli sxva mtkicebulebis safuZvelze, sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom sisastikis zRvari miRweuli iyo. sasamarTlom daskvna,
rom qaliSvilis dakavebisa da deportaciis safuZvelze dairRva me-3
muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli dedis uflebebi.
2.3.3.7 soflebisa da saxlebis ganadgureba
TurqeTis
samxreT-aRmosavleTSi,
qurTTa
muSaTa
partiis
winaaRmdeg
saxelmwifos
mier
warmoebuli
brZolis
kvaldakval,
sasamarTlos
gansaxilvelad mravali saqme gadaeca, romlebSic saxelmwifos edeboda brali
soflebis
ganadgurebaSi.
Ganmcxadeblebis
mtkicebiT,
samarTaldamcavi
organoebi Sevidnen konkretul soflebSi da dawves saxlebi iq arsebul
nivTebTan erTad. zog saqmeSi, sasamarTlom daadgina me-3 muxlis darRveva im
motiviT, rom aRniSnuli qmedebebi warmoadgenda araadamianur mopyrobas.

saqmeSi “bilgini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2000), ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda,
rom samarTaldamcavma organoebma gaanadgures misi saxli, kuTvnili
nivTebi da Tambaqos foTlebis mosavali da, aqedan gamomdinre, Seuwyda
Semosavlis wyaro. sxva saxlic, hamletSi, sadac igi cxovrobda, aseve
daangries. ganmcxadeblis saxlis ganadgurebis Sedegad, is da misi ojaxi
iZulebuli iyo wasuliyo soflidan da sxvagan dasaxlebuliyo. igi Cioda,
rom aseTi Careva mis pirad da ojaxur cxovrebaSi, warmoadgenda me-3
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
muxlis darRvevas. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom komisias ganmcxadeblis
saxlis da kuTvnili nivTebis ganadgurebis mizezebis Sesaxeb ar
umsjelia. sasamarTlos azriT, gasaCivrebuli qmedebebi ganmcxadeblis
dasjis mizniT ki ara, aramed sxvaTa dasaSinebladan an teritoristebis
mier misi saxlis gamoyenebis aRsakveTad rom CaedinaT, aseT mopyrobis
gamarTleba mainc ar eqneboda. sasamarTlom, ganmcxadeblis pirovnuli
Tvisebebisa da im garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, romelSic misi saxli da
danarCeni qoneba ganadgurda, miiCnia, rom samarTaldamcavi organoebis
qmedebebi ganmcxadebelSi Zlier tanjvas gamoiwvevda, ris gamoc aseTi
saqcieli araadamianur mopyrobad unda CaiTvalos.
saqmeSi “dulasi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2001), Jandarmebi Sevidnen
ganmcxadeblis sofelSi da mosaxleobas konkretul adgilas Sekreba
ubrZanes. amis Semdeg, Jandarmebma cecxli waukides maT saxlebs. daiwva
ganmcxadeblis saxlic, ojaxis mier aRebuli mosavali, xorbali, aveji da
sxva sayofacxovrebo nivTebi. wasvlamde Jandarmebma aiZules mosaxleoba
daetovebinaT
ganadgurebuli
sofeli.
70
wels
gadacilebul
ganmcxadebels
waerTva
TavSesafari
da
arsebobis
saSualebebi.
saxelmwifo organoebma ar aRmouCines mas raime saxis daxmareba.
sasamarTlom daadgina, rom samarTaldamcavi organoebis qmedebebis
Sedegad ganmcxadebels ganuzomeli tkivili miadga, rac araadamianur
mopyrobad CaiTvala.
soflis ganadgurebasTan dakavSirebiT, ix. “mentesi da sxvebi TurqeTis
winaaRmdeg” (2005) da hasan ilxani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2004) saqmeebi.
2.3.3.8 sxva magaliTebi
araadamianur mopyrobas SeiZleba adgili hqondes ara mxolod patimrobis
konteqstSi. magaliTad, saqmeSi “d. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1997)
ukurnebeli daavadebis bolo stadiaze myofi piri gagzavnes qveyanaSi, sadac
igi saTanado mkurnalobas ver miiRebda. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom pirma
araadamianuri mopyroba ganicada (ix. aseve paragrafi 4.1.3 me-3 muxlTan
dakavSirebiT gaZevebis/eqstradiciis saqmeebze).
2.4
Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba an dasja
saqmeze “irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1978w.) sasamarTlom
daadgina (ix. paragrafi 167), rom mopyroba SeiZleba Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobad CaiTvalos, Tu is “dazaralebulebSi iwvevs SiSis, tanjvisa da
arasrulfasovnebis grZnobas, romelsac SeuZlia maTi Rirsebis Selaxva da
fizikuri an moraluri winaaRmdegobis gawevis unaris gatexva”.
sasamarTlom araerTgzis gamoiyena es formulireba (da misi msgavsi
ganmartebebi) momdevno saqmeebSic, magaliTad, saqmeze bekosi da kutrupulosi
saberZneTis winaaRmdeg (2005w.).
© interights 2007
cudi mopyrobis sxva formebis msgavsad, Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba an dasja
unda aRwevdes sisastikis garkveul xarisxs imisaTvis, rom igi moxvdes me-3
muxliT gaTvaliswinebul akrZalvis sferoSi. imis ganxilvisas, aris Tu ara
mopyrobis calkeuli forma “Rirsebis Semlaxavi” me-3 muxlis gagebiT,
sasamarTlo amowmebs igi miznad isaxavs Tu ara piris damcirebasa da misTvis
Rirsebis Selaxvas da, garemoebebidan gamomdinare, iqonia Tu ara aseTma
mopyrobam mis pirovnebaze me-3 muxlTan Seusabamo uaryofiTi zegavlena. Tumca,
Tu aseTi mizani qmedebas ar gaaCnia, me-3 muxli darRveulad SeiZleba mainc
iqnes miCneuli.
2.4.1
Rirsebis Semlaxavi dasja
sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTlis Tanaxmad, pirs, romelsac sasjeli
sasamarTlos mier Seefarda, SeuZlia amtkicos, rom is Rirsebis Semlaxavi
mopyrobis msxverpli gaxda, Tu Rirsebis Selaxva nebismieri sasjelisTvis
damaxasiaTebel damcirebis Cveulebriv zRvars scdeba (ix. taireris saqme
qvemoT, paragrafi 30). me-3 muxlis miznebisTvis mniSvnelovania, rom pirs
Rirseba Seelaxa ara mxolod msjavris dadebiT, aramed
Sefardebuli
sasjelis aRsrulebis formiTac. sakmarisia, dazaralebuli daamciron sakuTar
TvalSi.
 saqmeze taireri gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1978w.) arasrulwlovan
ganmcxadebels erovnulma sasamarTlom Seufarda fizikuri dasja imis
safuZvelze, rom man Tavi damnaSaved cno sxva pirze Tavdasxmisas misTvis
fizikuri dazianebebis miayenebaSi. msjavris dadebidan daaxloebiT ori Tvis
Semdeg, sasjeli aRasrula policielma ganmcxadeblis SiSveli ukanalze
maSin rodesac mas danarCeni ori policieli akavebda. Gganmcxadeblis
ganmartebiT am sasjelis aRsruleba Rirsebis Semlaxavi iyo. sasamarTlom
ganacxada, rom erovnuli sasamarTlos mier Sefardebuli fizikuri dasja
uSualod gulisxmobs imas, rom erTi adamiani meore adamianze fizikur
Zaladobas axorcielebs. garda amisa, es warmoadgens institucionalizebul
Zaladobas, kerZod, igi aris kanoniT nebadarTuli Zaladoba, romelic
saxelmwifos sasamarTlo organoebis brZanebis safuZvelze, policiam
moiyvana sisruleSi. amdenad, Tumca dazaralebuls ar ganucdia raime
gansakuTrebiT sastiki an xangrZlivi fizikuri tkivili, misi dasja CaiTvala
swored me-3 muxlis erT-erTi miznis _ adamianis Rirsebisa da fizikuri
xelSeuxeblobis
dacvis
Selaxvad.
sasamarTlom
daaskvna,
rom
ganmcxadebeli
warmoadgenda
Rirsebis
Semlaxavi
mopyrobis
Sedegad
dazaralebul pirs.
2.4.2. Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba
2.4.2.1. dakaveba da dapatimreba
sasamarTloSi saqmis warmoebisas, dakaveba an dapatimreba Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobad rom CaiTvalos me-3 muxlis gagebiT, misgan gamowveuli damcireba an
Sercxvena unda aRwevdes garkveuli xarisxs da gansxvavdebodes dakavebis an
dapatimrebisas Cveulebriv gancdili damcirebisgan. amitom, dakavebisas da
© interights 2007
dakavebis adgilisken an adgilidan eWvmitanilis gadayvanisas misTvis
xelborkilebis dadeba, rogorc wesi, me-3 muxlis darRvevad ar CaiTvleba.
2.4.2.2.
dakavebis an dapatimrebis
gamoyeneba
dros
adamianis
mimarT
fizikuri Zalis
sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom TavisuflebaSezRuduli piris SemTxvevaSi, iseTi
fizikuri Zalis gamoyeneba, romelic ar iyo mkacrad aucilebeli piris
qmedebidan gamomdinare, amcirebs adamianis Rirsebas da, principSi, me-3 muxliT
gaTvaliswinebuli
uflebis
Selaxvas
warmoadgens.
ixileT,
magaliTad,
italiis winaaRmdeg” da “selmani
gadawyvetilebebi saqmeebze “labita
safrangeTis winaaRmdeg”, romlebic qvemoTaa ganxiluli. amdenad, marTalia,
marTlzomieria Zalis garkveuli xarisxis gamoyeneba moZalade dakavebulis
mimarT misi qmedebis aRkveTis mizniT, magram morCili dakavebulis mimarT
Zalis gamoyeneba faqtobrivad gaumarTlebelia. dakavebis dros warmoSobili
dalurjebebi da sxva saxis dazianebebi mianiSnebs im arasaTanado mopyrobaze,
romelic me-3 muxliTaa akrZaluli.
dakiTxvis meTodebi, romlebic moicavs cemas, muqaras da sxva arasaTanado
mopyrobas, me-3 muxlis darRvevad SeiZleba CaiTvalos.
 saqmeze irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1978w.) me-3 muxlis
darRvevad iqna miCneuli dakiTxvis xuTi sxvadasxva meTodis gamoyeneba (ix.
zemoT paragrafi 2.3.3.5).
 saqmeze “aqsoi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1996w.) ganmcxadebels dakiTxvisas
amyofebdnen Tvalaxveuls, rac iwvevda disorientaciis SegrZnebas. is
Camokidebuli hyavdaT zurgs ukan Sekruli xelebiT (e.w. “palestinuri
dakideba”); mas uerTebdnen dens (ris efeqtsac amwvavebdnen masze wylis
misxmiT), cemdnen da sityvier Seuracxyofas ayenebdnen. “palestinuri
dakidebis” Sesaxeb msjelobisas, sasamarTlom daadgina, rom sastik
tkivilTan erTad, romelsac ganmcxadebeli ganicdida im dros, aman
gamoiwvia orive xelis paralizeba garkveuli periodis manZilze. aseTi
mopyroba imdenad mZime da sastiki xasiaTisa iyo, rom igi wamebad CaiTvala.
 saqmeze “salmani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2000w.) dazaralebuli dakavebis dros
janmrTeli iyo, Semdgom ki gardaicvala. mas fexebze aReniSneboda
SeSupebebi da wylulebi, gatexili hqonda gulmkerdis Zvali. gardacvlilis
ojaxi acxadebda, rom mis mimarT gamoyenebuli iqna “falaka” (terfebze cema)
da rom mas urtyamdnen gulmkerdis areSi. arasaTanado mopyrobis xasiaTisa
da xarisxis, agreTve im dasabuTebuli varaudebis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom es
mopyroba moxda pkk-s saqmianobaSi monawileobaSi eWvmitanilad dakiTxvis
dros, sasamarTlom daadgina, rom dazaralebuls miayenes wamebis tolfasi
Zalze mZime da sastiki tkivili.
 saqmeze “akdenizi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg ” (2001w.) TerTmeti adamiani dakavebuli
hyavdaT daaxloebiT erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi, romelTagan erTis garda
yvela dabmuli iyo. dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi isini iyvnen Ria cis qveS. zog
maTgans scemdnen. yvelas awuxebda sicive da yvela maTgani ganicdida SiSsa
da tanjvas imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ra bedi elodaT. sasamarTlom miiCnia,
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
rom aseTi mopyroba warmoadgenda arahumanur da Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobas.
saqmeze “rivasi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (2004w.) ganmcxadebeli daakava da
dakiTxa policiis TanamSromelma. saeWvo garemoebebSi policielma menjis
Zvlis areSi muxli Caartya mamakacs, ramac gamoiwvia saTesle jirkvlis
gaxeTqva da Sedegad mas qirurgiuli operaciac daWirda. Mmomxdaris Semdgom
ganmcxadebeli xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi Sromisuunaro iyo. miyenebuli
tanjvisa da ganmcxadeblis asakis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlom daaskvna,
rom aRniSnuli mopyroba warmoadgenda arahumanur da Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobas.
2.4.2.3. dakavebis pirobebi
me-3 muxli darRveulad maSinac CaiTvleba, Tu dakavebuli piri arasaTanado
pirobebSi imyofeba
dakavebis periodSi, Tundac mas kiTxavdnen
Sesaferisi
meTodebiT da ar ayenebdnen tkivils. aseT SemTxvevaSi dakavebis pirobebi
uTanabrdeba araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas.
sasamarTlom araerTxel aRniSna, rom gancdili tanjva da damcireba unda
cildebodes marTlzomieri Tavisuflebis aRkveTisas Cveulebriv gansacdel
stressa da damcirebas. miuxedavad amisa, konvenciis me-3 muxlis Sinaarsidan
gamomdinare, saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos, rom piris dakavebis pirobebi
adamianis Rirsebis Sesabamisi iyos, aRkveTi RonisZiebis aRsrulebis forma da
meTodi ar ayenebdes adamians tkivils an tanjvas, romelic aWarbebs
dakavebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli gardauvali stresis xarisxs; xolo, patimrobis
praqtikuli moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, piris janmrTeloba da keTildReoba
daculi unda iyos (ix. kudla poloneTis winaaRmdeg [GC], # 30210/96, §§ 92-94,
ECHR-2000-XI), saWiro samedicino daxmarebisa da mkurnalobis gawevis gziT (ix.
mutatis mutandis, 1998 wlis 30 ivlisis gadawyvetileba saqmeze ertsi belgiis
winaaRmdeg, Reports 1998-V, gv. 1966, §64 da momdevno paragrafebi). dakavebis
pirobebze msjlobisas, unda Sefasdes, rogorc am pirobebis zemoqmedebis
xarisxi
erTobliobaSi, agreTve ganmcxadeblis calkeuli moTxovnebi (ix.
dugozi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg, # 40907/98, §46, ECHR 2001-II).
saknebis gadatvirTuloba da saZile mowyobilobebis ararsebobisas me-3 muxlis
darRveva SeiZleba dadgindes. aseve, araadekvaturi gaTboba, sanitaria, sakvebi,
dasveneba da gare samyarosTan kavSiri SeiZleba gautoldes araadamianur an
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas.
 saqmeze “dugozi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) ganmcxadebeli ramdenime
Tvis ganmavlobaSi gaZevebis molodinSi moTavsebuli hyavdaT dakavebis
sakanSi.. igi acxadebda, xolo mopasuxe saxelmwifos ar uaryvia, rom saknebi,
romlebSic igi iyo moTavsebuli, 20 adamianze iyo gaTvlili, magram xSirad
iq 100-mde adamians amyofebdnen. dakavebulebs ar hqondaT sawolebi, leibebi
an gadasafarebeli. zogi dakavebuli iZulebuli iyo derefanSi daeZina.
saknebi iyo WuWyiani, sanitariuli saSualebebi arasakmarisi, radgan isini
gacilebiT ufro naklebi raodenobis adamianTa momsaxurebisTvis iyo
© interights 2007
gankuTvnili. cxeli wyali Znelad moipoveboda, umetesad ki saerTodac ar
iyo. Ddakavebulebs ar hqondaT sufTa haeri, dRis sinaTle da ezo
savarjiSod.
erTaderTi
adgili,
sadac
gaseirneba
SeeZloT,
sapirfareSoebisken mimavali derefani iyo. sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom
ganmcxadeblis dakavebis pirobebi, kerZod xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi
gadatvirTuloba da Zilis saSualebebis arqona me-3 muxliT akrZalul
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas uTanabrdeboda.

saqmeze “kalaSnikovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2002) ganmcxadebels 4 wlisa da 10
Tvis ganmavlobaSi amyofebdnen 8 patimarze gaTvlil sakanSi. sasamarTlom
eWv qveS daayena, Seesabameboda Tu ara dakavebis aseTi pirobebi aRiarebul
standartebs. sasamarTlom miuTiTa wamebisa da araadamianuri an Rirsebis
Semlaxavi
mopyrobis
an dasjis
aRkveTis
evropis komitetis
mier
gansazRvrul standartebze: dakavebis sakanSi TiToeuli patimrisTvis
gankuTvnili unda iyos 7 m2, anu 8 patimarze – 56 m2. sinamdvileSi, patimris
sakanSi mudmivad imyofeboda 18-dan 24-mde patimari, xolo 2 an 3 patimari
erT sawols inawilebda. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom dakavebis mTeli
periodis ganmavlobaSi, ganmcxadeblis sakanSi TiToeuli patimrisTvis
faqtobrivad 0.9 – 1.9m2 farTi iyo gankuTvnili. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom
sakanSi gadatvirTuloba “me-3 muxlis darRvevas gamoiwvevda”. man daaskvna,
rom ganmcxadeblis dakavebis pirobebi, romelSic is xangrZlivi drois
ganmavlobaSi imyofeboda, kerZod gadatvirTuloba, arahigienuri garemo da
misi uaryofiTi zegavlena ganmcxadeblis janmrTelobasa da keTildReobaze,
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas uTanabrdeboda.

saqmeze “poltoracki ukrainis winaaRmdeg” (2003w.1) ganmcxadebeli sikvdiliT
dasjis molodinSi Raribad mowyobil, Ria sapirfareSos mqone izolirebul
sakanSi iyo moTavsebuli. 8 Tvis ganmavlobaSi sakani yoveldRiurad 24
saaTiT iyo ganaTebuli, Sig ar aRwevda bunebrivi ganaTeba da ganmcxadebels
am sakanSi amyofebdnen dRe-RameSi 24 saaTi. adamianebTan kontaqtis Zalian
cota SesaZlebloba iyo, xolo ganmcxadebelma verc sakuTari Tavis
dasaqmeba SeZlo mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi. am garemoebebs amZimebda isic,
rom mTeli periodi ganmcxadebelma sikvdiliT dasjis molodinSi gaatara.
sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom miuxedavad ganmcxadeblis damcirebis an misi
Rirsebis Selaxvis ganzraxvis ararsebobisa, me-3 muxlis darRvevis sakiTxi
ar gamoiricxeboda. sasamarTlom ganmartebiT, 8 Tvis ganmavlobaSi aseTi
dakavebis pirobebSi yofnas, unda gamoewvia ganmcxadebelSi seriozuli
fsiqologiuri stresi da misi adamianuri Rirsebis damcireba. ukrainis mZime
ekonomikuri siduxWire ver gaamarTlebda an gamoricxavda saxelmwifos
pasuxismgeblobas ganmcxadeblis dakavebis autaneli pirobebis gamo.

saqmeze “maiziti ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebeli dakavebuli
hyavdaT metad mcire zomis, gadavsebul sakanSi, romelSic TiTo patimarze
saSualod 1 kvadratuli metri farTi modioda. Dakavebulebs uwevdaT
1
ix. agreTve xoxlixi ukrainis winaaRmdeg (ganacxadi # 41707/98, 2003 wlis 29 aprili) da
kuznecovi ukrainis winaaRmdeg (ganacxadi # 39042/97, 2003 wlis 29 aprili)
© interights 2007
rigrigobiT Zili. isini Sxaps mxolod 10 dReSi erTxel iRebdnen.
sasamarTlom daadgina, rom ganmcxadebeli 9 Tvisa da 14 dRis ganmavlobaSi
imyofeboda 6-14 adamianze gaTvlil saknebSi, romlebSic TiTo patimrisTvis
metad mcire farTi iyo gankuTvnili. wamebisa da araadamianuri an Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis aRkveTis evropis komitetis mier dadgenili
standartia 7 kvadratuli metri - erT patimarze. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom
me-3 muxli dairRveoda, Tu erT patimarze saSualod 2 kvadratul metrze
naklebi farTi gamoiyofoda. sasamarTlom detalurad ganixila higienur
pirobebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebic; ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom saknebi
iyo binZuri, savse mwerebiT da masSi dRis sinaTle TiTqmis ar aRwevda.
sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom ganmcxadeblis dakavebis pirobebi uTanabrdeboda
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas.

saqmeze “novoselovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebeli sasjels
ixdida dakavebis adgilas, romelic, misi TqmiT, iyo gadavsebuli da ar
hqonda saTanado ventilacia da elementaruli sanitaruli da higienuri
pirobebi. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom saknebi marTlac gadatvirTuli iyo.
ganmcxadeblisTvis gankuTvnili farTi 1 kvadratul metrze naklebi iyo. igi
sawols sxva patimrebTan inawilebda. yoveldRiurad gareT erTsaaTiani
gaseirnebis garda, ganmcxadebeli Caketili iyo aseT sakanSi dRe-RameSi 23
saaTis ganmavlobaSi. am faqtorma mniSvnelovani roli iTamaSa me-3 muxlis
darRvevis
dadgenisas.
sasamarTlom
ganmeorebiT
aRniSna,
rom
dazaralebulis damcirebis an dakninebis miznis ararsebobis miuxedavad me-3
muxlis darRvevis sakiTxi mainc SeiZleba wamoiWras.

saqmeze “xudoiorovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebeli aRniSnavda,
rom ruseTis sapyrobileSi misi dakavebis pirobebi, agreTve erovnuli
sasamarTlos Senobis mimarTulebiT da ukan misi gadayvanis pirobebi ar
Seesabameboda me-3 muxlis standartebs. Mmisi poziciis gansamtkiceblad, igi
uTiTebda patimarTa mopyrobis Sesaxeb gaeros standartul minimalur
wesebze (1977w.).
o dakavebis pirobebi. marTalia, ver Sejerdnen calkeul garemoebebTan
dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlom miiCnia me-3 muxliT daculi ganmcxadeblis
uflebebi
darRveulad
dakavebis
pirobebis
gamo
im
faqtebze
dayrdnobiT, romlebic saxelmwifos sadaod ar gauxdia. sasamarTlom
aRniSna Semdegi faqtebi: saknebis mcire zoma da TiToeul patimarze
gamoyofili Zalze mcire farTi; patimrebi rigrigobiT sargeblobdnen
sawoliT; dRe-RameSi 23 saaTs patimrebi atarebdnen saknebSi, gareT ki
mxolod erTi saaTiT gahyavdaT gasaseirneblad; aseTi dakavebis
pirobebSi yofnis xangrZlivoba. sasamarTlom miuTiTa “kalaSnikovi
ruseTis winaaRmdeg” saqmeze gamotanil gadawyvetilebaze da aRniSna,
rom saknis gadatvirTuloba TavisTavad SeiZleba gauTanabrdes me-3
muxlis darRvevas, Tundac ar hqondes adgili iseT damamZimebel
faqtorebs,
rogoricaa
sinaTlis
an
ventilaciis
ararseboba.
sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom rodesac winamdebare saqmis msgavs saqmeze
me-3 muxli darRveulad ar aris cnobili, saknebis gadatvirTuloba
Cveulebriv kompensirebulia moZraobis TavisuflebiT (sasamarTlom
© interights 2007
miuTiTa
saqmeze
valasinasi
litvis
winaaRmdeg
gamotanil
gadawyvetilebaze,
paragrafebi
103
da
105,
da
dasaSvebobis
gadawyvetilebaze saqmeze nurmagemadovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2004w.).
garda amisa, sasamarTlom marTalia ver daadgina, rom ventilacia,
gaTboba, sinaTle da sanitaruli saSualebebi araadekvaturi iyo, mas
mainc
gaaCnda
eWvebi
am
TvalsazrisiT.
aRniSnuli
faqtorebi
erTobliobaSi miuTiTebda, rom ganmcxadeblis dakavebis pirobebi
scdeboda me-3 muxliT daSvebul farglebs.


o gadayvanis pirobebi. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom dakavebis adgilsa
da erovnuli sasamarTlos Senobamde gadayvanis pirobebi iyo
araadamianuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi. “moTavsebis saknebi” da
mgzavrisTvis gankuTvnili adgilebi zedmetad gadavsebuli iyo dRis
sinaTlisa da haeris ararsebobasTan erTad. ganmcxadebels ar
aZlevdnen sakvebs an sasmels mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi. Yyvela es
faqtori mis fsiqologiur da fizikur dauZlurebasa da gamofitvas
iwvevda. am saqmeze sasamarTlom pirvelad imsjela me-3 muxlTan
transportirebis
pirobebis
Sesabamisobis
sakiTxze.
sasamarTlo
daeyrdno wamebisa da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis
an
dasjis
sawinaaRmdego
evropis
komitetis
gadawyvetilebebs.
sasamarTlom, amjeradac, gaiTvaliswina satransporto saSualebis
zoma, gadatvirTulobis xarisxi, patimris amgvar pirobebSi gadayvanis
xangrZlivoba, Tu kvebavdnen da aZlevdnen gaseirnebis saSualebas.
sasamarTlom xazi gausva im mniSvnelovan garemoebas, rom aseT
arasaTanado mopyrobas adgili hqonda ganmcxadeblis adgilobriv
sasamarTloSi
miyvanis
dReebSi,
rodesac
mas
yvelaze
metad
esaWiroeboda
Zalebis
mobilizeba.
sasamarTlom
daaskvna,
rom
aRniSnuli mopyroba arRvevda konvenciis me-3 muxls.
saqmeze “ostrovari moldovas winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebeli konvenciis
me-3 muxlis darRvevaze miTiTebiT, asaCivrebda moldovas winaswari dakavebis
sakanSi dakavebis pirobebs. misi saCivris gansamtkiceblad, igi uTiTebda
aRniSnuli dakavebis adgilis Sesaxeb wamebis sawinaaRmdego evropis
komitetis angariSebs. sasamarTlom am SemTxvevaSic daadastura saknebis
ukiduresi gadatvirTuloba, romelic TavisTavad wamoWrida me-3 muxlis
darRvevis sakiTxs. sasamarTlom aseve miuTiTa im faqtze, rom patimrebisTvis
nebadarTuli iyo saknebSi sigaretis moweva miuxedavad imisa, rom
ganmcxadebeli daavadebuli iyo asTmiT. amasTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlom
miiCnia, rom saxelmwifom daarRvia misi valdebuleba, daecva ganmcxadeblis
janmrTeloba. sasamarTlom xazi gausva samedicino daxmarebis, sanitariuli
normebisa da sakvebis dabal xarisxs. am faqtorebis kumulaciuri efeqtis
gaTvaliswinebiT,
sasamarTlo
mivida
daskvnamde,
rom
ganmcxadeblis
dakavebis pirobebi scdeboda konvenciis me-3 muxliT daSvebul sisastikis
zRvars.
saqmeze “alveri estoneTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom
misi xangrZlivi droiT winaswari patimrobis dros cud pirobebSi moTavseba,
ris gamoc mas RviZli dauavadda da daudginda tuberkulozi, konvenciis me-3
© interights 2007
muxliT akrZalul mopyrobas uTanabrdeboda. sasamarTlom, pirvel rigSi
aRniSna, rom winaswari dakaveba TavisTavad me-3 muxlis Seusabamod SeiZleba
CaTvliliyo. garda amisa, me-3 muxli ar SeiZleba ganimartos ise, TiTqos igi
awesebs zogad valdebulebas janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo dakavebuli
piris gaTavisuflebis an specialuri samedicino mkurnalobis mizniT misi
samoqalaqo saavadmyofoSi gadayvanis Sesaxeb. rac Seexeba dakavebis pirobebs,
vinaidan moTxovnis miuxedavad, saxelmwifom konkretuli informacia saknebis
gadatvirTvasTan dakavSirebiT ar waradgina, sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom
saknebi gadatvirTuli iyo. gansxvavebiT “valasinasi litvis winaaRmdeg” da
sxva msgavsi saqmeebisgan, farTis simcire ar kompensirdeboda sxva
faqtorebiT (magaliTad, dRis ganmavlobaSi Tavisuflad gadaadgileba).
saknebis gadatvirTvis “damamcirebel” xasiaTs emateboda dakavebis adgilas
arsebuli zogadad cudi pirobebi, magaliTad, cudi sanitaria, ventilacia
da arasakmarisi sakvebi. sasamarTlom misi Sexedulebis dasasabuTeblad,
aRniSnuli dakavebis adgilis Sesaxeb wamebis sawinaaRmdego evropis
komitetis angariSze miuTiTa. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom ganmcxadebels
tuberkulozis diagnozi daesva dakavebidan or wlis gasvlis Semdeg da
savaraudod,
igi
dakavebis
periodSic
daavadebuli
iyo.
marTalia,
sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom Tavad es faqti ar gulisxmobda me-3 muxlis
darRvevas, radgan ganmcxadebels mkurnalobdnen; sasamarTlom aRniSnuli
garemoeba ganmcxadeblis dakavebis saerTo pirobebis damaxasiaTebel
elementad mainc miiCnia. sasamarTlom saqmisTvis umniSvnelod CaTvala is,
rom xelisuflebas ar gaaCnda ganmcxadeblisTvis fizikuri an fsiqikuri
tanjvis miyenebis ganzraxva. sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom ganmcxadeblis saqmis
yvela garemoeba – saknebis gadatvirTuloba, zogadad cudi pirobebi,
janmrTelobis mdgomareoba da dakavebis xangrZlivoba – erTobliobaSi
sakmarisi iyo iseTi gancdebisa da stresis gamosawvevad, rac aRemateba
dakavebisTvis damaxasiaTebel tanjvis gardauval xarisxs.

saqmeze “dugozi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) ganmcxadebeli ramdenime
Tvis ganmavlobaSi imyofeboda binZur dakavebis sakanSi, romelSic xSirad 10mde adamians aTavsebdnen; maT ar gaaCndaT sawolebi, leibebi an sabnebi., ver
sargeblobdnen sanitariis saSualebebiT. sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom amgvari
pirobebi uTanabrdeboda me-3 muxliT akrZalul Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobas.
dakavebis pirobebTan dakavSirebiT ixileT, agreTve, karaleviciusi litvis
winaaRmdeg (2005w.), labzovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2005w.) (TiTqmis igive
sakiTxebi, rac xudoiorovis saqmeze), romanovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2005w.),
becievi moldovas winaaRmdeg (2005w.) da maiziti ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2005w.).
2.4.2.4 xelborkilebis gamoyeneba
sasamarTlos
ganxiluli
aqvs
ganacxadebi,
romlebSic
ganmcxadeblebi
amtkicebdnen, rom xelborkilebis gamoyeneba da maTi izolireba uTanabrdeboda
arahumanur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas. am sakiTxze sasamarTlos
© interights 2007
precedentuli samarTali sakmaod mravalferovania da, rogorc yovelTvis,
didi mniSvneloba calkeuli saqmeebis konkretul garemoebebs eniWeba.
 saqmeze “ranineni fineTis winaaRmdeg ” (1997w.) ganmcxadebels xelborkilebi
daades cixidan samxedro barakebSi gadayvanisas, daaxloebiT ori saaTis
savali
gzis
manZilze.
oficeri,
romelmac
xelborkilebi
daado
ganmcxadebels, moqmedebda samxedro brZanebis safuZvelze. sasamarTlom
ganacxada, rom xelborkilis dadeba, Cveulebriv, ar ewinaaRmdegeba me-3
muxls,
Tu
es
RonisZieba
gamoiyeneba
kanonier
dakavebasTan
an
dapatimrebasTan dakavSirebiT da ar gulisxmobs Zalis gamoyenebas an
sazogadoebisTvis
mis
TvalsaCinod
warmodgenas
imaze
metad,
rac
aucilebelia mocemul garemoebebSi. am pirobebSi, mniSnvelovania gairkves,
arsebobs Tu ara safuZveli varaudisTvis, rom piri winaaRmdegobas gaswevs
dapatimrebisas an gaiqceva, miayenebs sxvas fizikur zians an sxva zians da
gaanadgurebs Tu ara mtkicebulebebs. zemoTaRniSnul saqmeze, es RonisZieba
gamoiyenes ukanono
dapatimrebasa da
dakavebasTan
dakavSirebiT
da
ganmcxadebeli mokle xniT sazogadoebis winaSe xelborkilebiT waradgines.
Tumca, ganmcxadebelma ver ver daadastura, rom aseTi mopyrobiT mas
fizikuri an fsiqikuri ziani miadga; man verc imis damtkiceba SeZlo, rom
xelborkilebis dadeba gamiznuli iyo mis Rirsebis Sesalaxad an
dasamcireblad. sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom igi ar warmoadgenda Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyrobis Sedegad dazaralebul pirs.

saqmeze “ojalani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg ” (2005w.) TurqeTis uSiSroebis
samsaxuris warmomadgenlebma ganmcxadebels xelborkilebi gaukeTes keniaSi,
TviTmfrinavSi dapatimrebis momentidan TurqeTis cixeSi meore dRes mis
miyvanamde. igi amtkicebda, rom gadayvanis dros misdami mopyroba
uTanabrdeboda araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas. sasamarTlos
didma palatam gaiziara palatis gadawyvetileba mocemul saqmeze. palatam
mxedvelobaSi miiRo garemoeba, rom ganmcxadebeli eWvmitanili iyo
SeiaraRebuli separatistuli dajgufebis xelmZRvanelobaSi, romelic
TurqeTis uSiSroebis samsaxurebis winaaRmdeg SeiaraRebul brZolaSi
monawileobda da miCneuli iyo saSiS pirovnebad. palatam gaiziara
saxelmwifos
pozicia,
rom
ganmcxadeblisTvis
xelborkilis
dadeba
dapatimrebis etapze usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofad miznad isaxavda mxolod
gaqcevis an sakuTari TavisTvis an sxvebisTvis zianis miyenebis aRkveTas.
Sesabamisad, am saqmeze ar dadginda me-3 muxlis darRveva.

zemoaRniSnuli
saqmisgan
gansxvavebiT,
saqmeze
“henafi
safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg” (2003w.) sasamarTlom me-3 muxli darRveulad cno, vinaidan
xandazmuli ganmcxadebeli borkilebiT miajaWves saavadmyofos sawolze
mTeli Ramis ganmavlobaSi qirurgiul operaciamde. ganmcxadebeli im dros
sasjels ixdida. cixis samedicino samsaxurma CaTvala, rom mas esaWiroeboda
yelis
operacia.
cixis
administraciis
azriT,
ganmcxadeblisTvis
xelborkilis dadebis aucilebloba ar arsebobda, sakmarisi iqneboda ori
policiis TanamSromlis zedamxedvelobis qveS yofna saavadmyofoSi.
ganmcxadebeli saavadmyofoSi miiyvanes operaciamde erTi dRiT adre. igi
xelborkildadebuli imyofeboda dRis ganmavlobaSi. RamiT mas daades
© interights 2007
borkilebi: cal fexze moabes jaWvi, romelic miamagres sawolis rkinaze.
ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, jaWvi moWerili iyo, ris gamoc yoveli moZraoba
mtkivneuli iyo, xolo Zili – SeuZlebeli.
diliT ganmcxadebelma ganacxada, rom am viTarebaSi operaciis gakeTebas
erCia operaciis gadadeba vidre ar gaTavisufldeboda. sasamarTlom
mxedvelobaSi miiRo, ganmcxadeblis asaki (75 weli),
janmrTelobis
mdgomareoba, iseTi winapirobebis ararseboba, romlebic usafrTxoebasTan
dakavSirebul
riskze
miuTiTeben,
cixis
direqtoris
werilobiTi
instruqciebi
ganmcxadeblis
mimarT
Cveulebrivi
zedamxedvelobis
RonisZiebebis
gamoyenebis
Sesaxeb,
misi
operaciamde
erTi
dRiT
saavadmyofoSi miyvanis faqti. am safuZvlebze dayrdnobiT, sasamarTlom
daadgina,
rom
ganmcxadeblisTvis
borkilebis
dadeba
usafrTxoebis
moTxovnebis
araproporciuli iyo (kerZod, gaqcevis an TviTmkvlelobis
mcdelobis Tavidan acileba), miT umetes, rom mis palatasTan specialurad
daayenes ori policiis TanamSromeli. sasamarTlom daadgina me-3 muxlis
darRveva. rac Seexeba izolirebul sakanSi patimrobas, sasamarTlom
garkveviT aRniSna, rom mTliani sensoruli da socialuri izolacia
pirovnebisTvis gamanadgurebeli SeiZleba iyos da warmoadgens araadamianuri
mopyrobis formas, romelic ver iqneba gamarTlebuli usafrTxoebis
moTxovnebiT an sxva nebismieri mizeziT. meore mxriv, sxva patimrebTan
urTierTobis
akrZalva
usafrTxoebis,
disciplinaruli
an
dacviTi
miznebidan gamomdinare, TavisTavad ar uTanabrdeba araadamianur mopyrobas
an dasjas (ix., sxva wyaroTa Soris, gadawyvetileba saqmeze mesina italiis
(1999w.).
izolirebul
sakanSi
moTavsebasTan
dakavSirebiT
winaaRmdeg
sasamarTlos
daskvnebi
da
mis
mier
gadawyvetilebis
gamotanisas
mxedvelobaSi miRebuli faqtorebi ixileT gadawyvetilebaSi saqmeze rode
daniis winaaRmdeg (2005).
 ufro axal saqmeze “avci da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2006w.)
msjavrdebulma
ganmcxadeblebma
SimSilobis
aqcia
moawyves.
Tavdapirvelad
isini
moaTavses
cixis
saavadmyofoSi,
mogvianebiT
gadaiyvanes saavadmyofos intensiuri Terapiis ganyofilebaSi, sadac
sawolis samagrze cali fexiT miabes erTmetriani jaWviT, miuxedavad
imisa, rom yvela maTgani komaSi imyofeboda da maT sicocxles safrTxe
emuqreboda. sasamarTlom ar gaiziara mosazreba, rom ganmcxadeblebs,
maTi mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT, SeeZloT gaqceva, gansakuTrebiT im
pirobebSi, rom maT oTaxs Jandarmebi garedan icavdnen. amdenad,
ganmcxadeblebis mimarT gamoiyenes usafrTxoebis moTxovnebTan Seusabamo
Tavisuflebis SezRudvis RonisZiebebi, riTac dairRva me-3 muxli.
xangrZlivi periodiT patimrebisTvis Tvalis axvevam sxva arasaTanado
mopyrobis
formebTan
kombinaciaSi,
SeiZleba
isini
moaqcios
Zlieri
fsiqologiuri da fizikuri zewolis qveS, da CaiTvalos Rirsebis Semlaxav an
araadamianur mopyrobad. sasamarTlom aseTi mopyrobis Sedegebi TiToeuli
saqmis konkretuli garemoebebidan gamomdinare unda Seafasos.
 saqmeze “salmani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2000w.) ganmcxadebeli iyo patimris
coli, romelic gardaicvala policiis patimrobaSi, TurqeTis samxreTinteraiTsis saxelmZRvanelo iuristebisaTvis
© interights 2007
aRmosavleTSi. ganmcxadebelma ganacxadiT mimarTa adamianis uflebaTa
evropis komisias, ris gamoc igi TurqeTis policiis TanamSromlebma
dakiTxes; dakiTxvis dros mas Tvalebi axveuli hqonda. konvenciis yofili
25-e muxlis (amJamad 34-e muxli) safuZvelze, misi dakiTxvis sakiTxis
ganxilvisas, sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom Tvalis axveva aZlierebda
ganmcxadebelSi daucvelobis SegrZnebas, SfoTvasa da tanjvas, rac, saqmis
garemoebaTa
gaTvaliswinebiT,
sastik
mopyrobad
unda
miCneuliyo.
sasamarTlos es garemoebebi ar Seufasebia me-3 muxlis safuZvelze,
magram, ra Tqma unda, arsebobs safuZveli imis mtkicebisTvis, rom
aRniSnuli mopyroba uTanabrdeboda sul mcire Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobas.
 saqmeze “ojalani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebels Tvalebi
axveuli
hqonda
TurqeTis
uSiSroebis
samsaxuris
mier
keniaSi
TviTmfrinavSi dapatimrebis momentidan TurqeTis cixeSi meore dRes mis
miyvanamde. sasamarTlos didma palatam gaiziara palatis gadawyvetileba
mocemul saqmeze, rom uSiSroebis samsaxuris mier gamoyenebuli
RonisZiebis mizani iyo misi damkaveblebi terorizmis mZime braldebiT
dapatimrebul
eWvmitanils
ver
amoecno.
palatam
aseve
gaiziara
saxelmwifos pozicia, rom ganmcxadeblisTvis Tvalis axveva miznad
isaxavda mxolod misi gaqcevis an sakuTari TavisTvis an sxvebisTvis
zianis miyenebis Tavidan acilebas. didi palata daeTanxma palatis mier im
faqtis aRniSvnas, rom dakiTxvis dros ganmcxadebels Tvalebi axveuli ar
hqonia. am garemoebebSi, Tvalis axveva ar miiCnies araadamianur an
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad.
2.4.2.5 arasaTanado/arasakmarisi samedicino daxmareba
saxelmwifo valdebulia, daicvas TavisuflebaaRkveTili pirebis janmrTeloba.
arasaTanado samedicino momsaxurebis arseboba SeiZleba me-3 muxliT akrZalul
mopyrobas gauTanabrdes.
 saqmeze “hutardo Sveicariis winaaRmdeg ” (1994w.) ganmcxadebels ar darTes
eqimTan konsultaciis neba 6 dRis ganmavlobaSi mas Semdeg, rac man eqimis
naxva moiTxova da 8 dRis manZilze dakavebis momentidan. SemdgomSi
rentgenografiam gamoavlina, rom mas nekni hqonda gatexili. komisiam
daadgina me-3 muxlis darRveva imis gamo, rom ganmcxadebeli eqimma
dakavebis momentidan 8 dRis ganmavlobaSi misi ar moinaxula.
 saqmeze “farbtuhsi latviis winaaRmdeg” (2004w.) gancmxadebeli, 83 wlis,
qveda kidurebis paraliCis mqone adamiani, gaasamarTles adamianobis
winaaRmdeg mimarTul da genocidis danaSaulebSi. igi cixeSi rCeboda erT
welze meti xnis ganmavlobaSi mas Semdeg, rac cixis administraciam
aRiara, rom Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxurebis gasawevad maT arc
aRWurviloba hqondaT da arc personali hyavdaT. miuxedavad samedicino
daskvnebisa, romelTa mixedviTac patimari unda gaeTavisuflebinaT,
Sidasaxelmwifoebrivma sasamarTloebma uari Tqves mis gaTavisuflebaze.
sasamarTlom
ganacxada,
rom
dakavebis
pirobebi
Seusabamo
iyo
© interights 2007
ganmcxadeblis janmrTelobis mdgomareobasTan: patimrobis pirobebi masSi
mudmivi mRelvarebis, arasrulfasovnebisa da damcirebis iseT Zlier
gancdas iwvevda, rac uTanabrdeboda “Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobas”.
 saqmeze “xudobini ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2006w.) ganmcxadebeli daavadebuli
iyo imunodeficitis virusiT da mZime fsiqikuri aSlilobiT. es zrdida
patimrobis periodSi nebismieri sxva daavadebis Seyris albaTobas da
aZlierebda mis SiSs amasTan dakavSirebiT. am pirobebSi kvalificiuri da
drouli
samedicino
daxmarebis
ararseboba
da
imavdroulad
xelisuflebis organoebis uari misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis
damoukidebeli samedicino gamokvlevaze qmnida daucvelobis iseT Zlier
SegrZnebas, romelic fizikur tanjvasTan erTobliobaSi, sasamarTlos
azriT, uTanabrdeboda Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas.
 saqmeze “popovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2006w.) sasamarTlom daadgina me-3
muxlis darRveva ganmcxadeblis dakavebis pirobebis da adekvaturi
samedicino daxmarebis ararsebobis safuZvliT. aRniSnuli saqme imiT
gamoirCeva, rom sasamarTlom gamoiyena sasamarTlos debulebis 39-e wesi
da mTavrobas miuTiTa, ar daevalebinaT ganmcxadeblisTvis cixeSi raime
fizikuri saqmianobis Sesruleba, maT Soris, fizikuri Sroma da fizikuri
varjiSi, im dromde, vidre sasamarTlo Tavad ar Secvlida Tavis
miTiTebas. garda amisa, mTavrobas daevala, uzrunveleyo ganmcxadeblis
damoukidebeli samedicino gamokvleva
specializebul
urologiuronkologiur dawesebulebaSi erTi Tvis vadaSi Sesabamisi Setyobinebis
miRebidan da aseve sxva damatebiTi mkurnalobis Catareba, rac saWiro
gaxdeboda gamokvlevis Sedegebidan gamomdinare. mTavrobas eTxova,
ecnobebina sasamarTlosTvis gatarebuli RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb.
sasamarTlo dakavebis periodSi garkveuli saxis samedicino momsaxurebis
ararsebobas yovelTvis rodi akvalificirebs me-3 muxlis darRvevad.
 saqmeze “gelfmani safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (2004w.) sasamarTlom daadgina,
rom SidsiT daavadebuli patimris grZelvadiani dakaveba SesabamisobaSi
iyo me-3 muxlTan. am saqmeze, ganmcxadebeli daavadebuli iyo SidsiT
TiTqmis oci wlis ganmavlobaSi. mas aseve Seyrili hqonda ramdenime e.w.
oportunistuli infeqcia, romlisganac rogorc Cans ganikurna an
mdgomareoba SedarebiT stabiluri iyo. samma eqspertma aRniSna, rom
ganmcxadebeli “ar TanamSromlobda” maTTan da ramdenjerme uari Tqva an
Sewyvita mkurnaloba. samive eqsperti miiCnevda, rom ganmcxadebels Sidsis
marTvis mkurnalobaSi seriozuli progresis wyalobiT mcire an saSualo
periodiT sicocxle SeunarCundeboda,. erTi eqimis azriT, ganmcxadeblis
janmrTelobis
mdgomareoba
moiTxovda
hospitalizacias
da
misi
patimrobis pirobebSi datoveba dauSvebeli iyo; meore eqimma daaskvna, rom
ganmcxadebeli Tavisi avadmyofobis pirobebSi SeiZleba patimrobaSi
darCeniliyo, radgan mas martivi mkurnaloba esaWiroeboda, romelic
cixeSic Cautardeboda. mesame eqimis azriT, cixeSi mkurnaloba sruliad
dauSvebeli iyo, umjobeis iqneboda misi saavadmyofoSi gadayvana. garda
© interights 2007
amisa, xelisuflebis organoebi yuradRebiT epyrobodnen ganmcxadeblis
janmrTelobis mdgomareobas. amdenad, ganmcxadebeli saavadmyofoSi
janmrTelobis
zogadi
mdgomareobis
gauaresebis
gamo
moaTavses.
Catarebuli
gamokvlevisa
da
misi
janmrTelobis
mdgomareobis
safuZvelze, saavadmyofom neba darTo mis gawerasa da cixeSi dabrunebaze,
radgan cixeSi gaweuli mkurnaloba imave xarisxis iqneboda, rac mis
gareT. am pirobebSi, sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom arc ganmcxadeblis
janmrTelobis mdgomareoba da arc mis mier gancdili tanjva ar iyo
imdenad mwvave, rom gamoewvia me-3 muxlis darRveva. amasTanave,
ganmcxadeblis janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gauaresebis SemTxvevaSi,
safrangeTis kanonmdebloba xelisuflebis organoebs adekvaturi zomebis
miRebis saSualebas aZlevda.
 saqmeze “meTiu niderlandebis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebeli avad iyo
xerxemlis
mZime
avadmyofobiT.
neiroqirurgma
gamoarkvia,
rom
ganmcxadebels hqonda welis areSi xerxemlis Tiaqari da saWirod miiCnia
qirurgiuli Careva. 2002 wlis agvistoSi ganmcxadebels etli gamouyves,
magram misiT sargeblobis ufleba CamoarTves 2003 wlis TebervalSi
momxdari incidentis Semdeg, rodesac man etlis liTonis nawili iaraRis
saxiT cixis TanamSromlebis mimarT gamoiyena. periodulad ganmcxadebeli
fizioTerapias gadioda saavadmyofoSi; mogvianebiT, mkurnaloba Sewyda im
motiviT, rom mZIme fizikuri mdgomareoba mas saknidan manqanamde gavlis
saSualebas ar aZlevda, rom saavadmyofoSi mieyvanaT, mas aseve ar SeeZlo
manqanaSi swor mdgomareobaSi jdoma. ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, mas saTanado
samedicino
daxmareba
ar
aRmouCines.
sasamarTlom
aRniSna,
rom
daavadebuli xerxemlis mqone ganmcxadebeli tkivilis gamo fizikur
datvirTvas ver uZlebda. magram mas srulad moZraobis unari warTmeuli
ar hqonda. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom me-3 muxli ar SeiZleba ganimartos
ise, TiTqos patimris yoveli survili da moTxovna samedicino
mkurnalobasTan
dakavSirebiT
unda
dakmayofildes.
marTlzomieri
dakavebis praqtikuli moTxovnebidan gamomdinare, patimarze SeiZleba
garkveuli SezRudvebi gavrceldes. rac Seexeba etliT sargeblobis
uflebis
akrZalvas,
xelisuflebis
organoebi,
usafrTxoebis
TvalsazrisiT uflebamosilni iyvnen emoqmedaT amgvarad. Gganmcxadeblis
mier moTxovnili fizioTerapiis Catarebis Taobaze unda aRiniSnos, rom
garkvevas saWiroebda aucilebeli iyo Tu ara cixeSi mkurnaloba
ganmcxadeblis janmrTelobis mdgomareobidan gamomdinare.
marTalia,
saavadmyofoSi gadayvanis dros ganmcxadebeli diskomforts ganicdida da
erCia fizioTerapevts cixeSi moenaxulebina, aseTi kursis Catarebis
aucilebloba ar dadginda. rig SemTxvevebSi, ganmcxadebelma gamoavlina
eqstremaluri fizikuri winaaRmdegobis gawevis SesaZlebloba (etlidan
moglija liTonis nawili); fizioTerapevtmac, romelmac igi Seamowma
gaTavisuflebamde, aRniSna, rom miuxedavad 9 Tvis ganmavlobaSi
mkurnalobis gareSe yofnisa, mas sul cota 90 metri fexiT gavla da
iseTi rTuli fizikuri moZraobebis Sesruleba SeeZlo, rogoricaa welis
triali da kibeze asvla-Camosvla. daskvnis saxiT sasamarTlom dasZina,
© interights 2007
rom
ar
dadasturda
ganmcxadeblisTvis
momsaxurebis gauwevlobis faqti.
aucilebeli
samedicino
 saqmeze “sakopulosi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg” (2004) ganmcxadebeli
amtkicebda, rom misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobidan gamomdinare, misi
winaswari patimroba 9 Tvisa da 19 dRis ganmavlobaSi uTanabrdeboda me-3
muxlis sawinaaRmdego mopyrobas. marTalia, sasamarTlom CaTvala, rom
misi janmrTelobis mdgomareoba Seryeuli iyo, magram ugulebelyo
janmrTelobis gauaresebis faqti cixis administraciis mizeziT. cixeSi
igi iRebda regularul samedicino mkurnalobas da ar dasturdeboda
ganmcxadeblis pretenzia cixis klinikis gadatvirTulobisa da iq
antisanitariuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. sasamarTlom aseve daadgina, rom
gulis Setevis Sedegad, Cveulebriv saavadmyofoSi ganmcxadeblis
gadayvanisas mcire Seferxebebi da gulgriloba me-3 muxlis standartebiT
saWiro minimalur zRvars ar aRwevda, Tundac aRniSnuli xelisuflebis
organoebis braleuli qmedebis Sedegi yofiliyo. sasamarTlom daadgina,
rom me-3 muxli ar dairRva.
 saqmeze “matencio safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (2004w.) mZime avadmyofobi
ganmcxadebeli asaCivrebda mis xangrZliv dakavebasa da iq arsebul
autanel
pirobebs.
sasamarTlom
aRniSna,
rom
safrangeTis
kanonmdeblobiT, xelisuflebis organoebs Sesabamisi zomebi unda mieRoT
dakavebulis janmrTelobis mdgomareobis mniSvnelovnad gauaresebis
SemTxvevaSi. safrangeTSi moqmedi sisxlis saproceso kanonmdebloba
sakmaris
garantiebs
iTvaliswinebda
patimris
janmrTelobisa
da
keTildReobis SesanarCuneblad rac sasjelisTvis damaxasiaTebeli
marTlzomieri moTxovnebis Sesabamisi unda yofiliyo. rac Seexeba im
faqts, ganmcxadeblis xangrZlivi droiT dakavebam miaRwia Tu ara me-3
muxliT moTxovnil minimalur zRvars, sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom
ganmcxadebeli
Tavisufali
iyo
“daekmayofilebina
yoveldRiuri
moTxovnilebebi, piradi higiena da mieRo aucilebeli sakvebis racioni da,
yvelaze mTavari, ewera da ekiTxa, rac, rogorc Cans, misTvis
gansakuTrebiT
mniSvnelovani
iyo”.
garda
amisa,
ganmcxadebelma
ugulebelyo cixis direqtoris SemoTavazeba sxva cixeSi gadayvanis
Taobaze,
sadac
mas
mudmiv
samedicino
momsaxurebas
gauwevdnen.
sasamarTlos ver daadgina ganmcxadeblis mimarT me-3 muxliT akrZaluli
mopyrobis gamoyeneba.
2.4.2.6.
fsiqiatriuli mkurnaloba
me-3
muxli
darRveulad
CaiTvleba,
rodesac
fsiqiurad
daavadebul
dakavebulebs fsiqiatriuli mkurnaloba ar gaeweva. me-3 muxli maSinac
dairRveva, Tu dakavebuli pirebi, romelbsac fsiqiatriuli momsaxureba
esaWiroebaT, darCebian aucilebeli samedicino mkurnalobis gareSe. aseT
dakavebulebTan mimarTebaSi sasamarTlo yovelTvis miiRebs mxedvelobaSi maTi
daculobis xarisxs da, zog SemTxvevaSi, uunarobas logikurad Camoayalibon
© interights 2007
saCivari an gamoTqvan azri maTze Catarebuli mkurnalobis efeqtianobis
Sesaxeb.
 saqmeze
“hercegfalvi
avstriis
winaaRmdeg”
(1992w.)
ganmcxadebeli
fsiqiurad mZimed avad iyo. igi gamoirCeoda agresiulobiT da cixis
zedamxedvelebs xSirad Tavs esxmoda. is Tavis saCivarSi aRniSnavda, rom
iZUlebiT kvebaze hyavdaT da ukeTebdnen damamSvidebel saSualebebs,
moaTavses
izolirebulad
da
zogjer
usafrTxoebis
sawolze
xelborkiliT amagrebdnen. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom arasrulfasovnebisa
da
uZlurebis
SegrZnebis
gaTvaliswinebiT,
rac
fsiqiatriul
saavadmyofoebSi moTavsebuli patimrebisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli, mxolod
zedmiwevniT saqmis ganxilvis Semdeg SeiZleba me-3 muxlis darRvevaze
msjeloba. sasamarTlom aseve ganacxada, rom marTalia, jandacvis
organoebis gadasawyvetia, romel samkurnalo meTods gamoiyeneben da
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi iZulebiTac, im pacientTa fizikuri da fsiqikuri
janmrTelobis dasacavad, romelTac saerTod ar SeswevT gadawyvetilebis
miRebis unari da romlebzec saxelmwifo organoebi pasuxs ageben. Tumca,
aseTi pacientebi me-3 muxlis dacvis qveS kvlav rCebian. samedicino
mkurnalobis Catarebis aucilebloba dasabuTebuli unda iyos. arsebuli
faqtebis
safuZvelze,
sasamarTlom
ganacxada,
rom
mopovebuli
mtkicebulebebi mTavrobis arguments ver abaTilebda imis Taobaze, rom im
dros aRiarebuli fsiqiatriuli principebis Tanaxmad, gamoyenebuli
mkurnalobis forma samedicino TvalsazrisiT gamarTlebuli iyo.
 saqmeze “kudla poloneTis winaaRmdeg” (2000w.) winaswar patimrobaSi myofi
ganmcxadebeli daavadebuli iyo qronikuli depresiiT da patimrobis
periodSi orjer scada TviTmkveloba, aseve moawyo SimSilobis aqcia.
mTeli winaswari patimrobis periodSi mas uwevdnen samedicino da
fsiqiatriul
daxmarebas.
Ganmcxadeblis
ganmartebiT,
patimrobaSi
yofnisas mas sakmarisi fsiqiatriuli daxmareba ar gaewia, riTac dairRva
me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli misi ufleba. sasamarTlom gaiziara
mosazreba, rom ganmcxadeblis fsiqologiuri mdgomareoba mas ufro
daucvels xdida sxva patimrebTan SedarebiT da dakavebam SesaZloa
garkveulwilad masSi tanjvis, tkivilisa da SiSis SegrZneba gaaZliera.
sasamarTlom aseve mxedvelobaSi miiRo garemoeba, rom oTxi Tvis
ganmavlobaSi ganmcxadebeli dakavebuli hyavdaT, ar gaiziares ra
fsiqiatrTa mosazreba imis Sesaxeb, rom TviTmkvlelobis mcdelobis
maRali albaTobis gamo patimrobis gagrZelebas misi sicocxlisTvis
SeiZleba safrTxe Seeqmna. sasamarTlom, saqmis garemoebaTa mTlianobaSi
Sejerebis Sedegad, daadgina, rom me-3 muxliT dauSvebeli arasaTanado
mopyroba ar dasturdeboda. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom patimrobis
periodSi
ganmcxadebeli
imyofeboda
mudmivi
fsiqiatriuli
zedamxedvelobis qveS da iRebda saTanado mkurnalobas. Tumca, misive
ganmartebiT, (paragrafi 94) saxelmwifo valdebulia Seqmnas adamianis
Rirsebis adekvaturi dakavebis pirobebi, gamoiyenos aRkveTi RonisZiebis
aRsrulebis iseTi forma da meTodi romelic imaze met tanjvasa da
tkivils ar gamoiwvevs, rac Cveulebrvi dakavebis Tanmdevia; patimrobis
praqtikuli moTxovnilebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, patimris janmrTelobis
© interights 2007
mdgomareoba da keTildReoba daculi unda iyos, sxva RonisZiebebTan
erTad maT Soris, saWiro samedicino daxmarebis gaweviT.
 saqmeze “rivieri safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (2006w.) ganmcxadebels samudamo
patimroba miesaja. pirobiT vadamde gaTavisuflebis moTxovnis Semdeg is
samma fsiqiatrma gasinja. maT daaskvnes, rom ganmcxadebeli, romelsac
fsiqikuri aSliloba warmoeSva cixeSi yofnis periodSi, ukve qronikuli
fsiqikuri avadmyofobiT daavadda, maT Soris, avlenda TviTmkvlelobisken
midrekilebas. miuxedavad amisa, erovnulma sasamarTlom ganmcxadebeli
pirobiT vadamde ar gaanTavisufla. safrangeTis sisxlis samarTlis
saproceso kodeqsis Tanaxmad, fsiqikuri aSlilobis mqone patimrebi
cixeSi yofnis nacvlad Cveulebriv savadmyofoSi unda gadaeyvanaT. garda
amisa, evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetis # R(98)7 rekomendaciiT,
romelic cixeSi jandacvis eTikisa da organizaciul sakiTxebs exeba,
mZime fsiqikuri aSlilobiT daavadebuli patimrebisTvis saTanadod
mowyobil da gawvrTnil samedicino personalis mqone saavadmyofoSi unda
emkurnalaT. sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom mZime fsiqikuri aSlilobis mqone
da
TviTmkvlelobisken
midrekils
patimrebi
esaWiroebaT
maTi
janmrTelobis mdgomareobis adekvaturi momsaxureba, miuxedavad maT mier
Cadenili danaSaulis simZimisa. sabolood sasamarTlom daadgina me-3
muxlis darRveva imis safuZvliT, rom fsiqikuri aSlilobis mqone
ganmcxadebeli dakavebuli hyavdaT ise rom mas mZime janmrTelobis
Sesabamisi samedicino mkurnaloba ar utardeboda.
2.4.2.7. invalidTa Sesabamisi pirobebiT uzrunvelyofa
mZime daavadebebis garda, invalidobis sxvadasxva formebis arasaTanado
mkurnalobac uTanabrdeba me-3 muxliT dauSvebel mopyrobas.
 saqmeze “praisi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) ganmcxadebels,
romelsac dabadebidan ar gaaCnda kidurebi da amasTanave Tirkmelic
daavadebuli hqonda, samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis dros sasamarTlos
SeuracxyofisTvis miesaja patimroba. cixeSi moTavsebisas man iTxova misi
etlis batareis damteni, razec uari miiRo. igi Zlier gacivda (rasac
arTulebda gadaadgilebis SeuZleblobis faqti), ar SeeZlo Zili saTanado
sawolis arqonis gamo, ganicdida damcirebas, radgan sapirfareSo mas
mamrobiTi sqesis cixis TanamSromlebi uwevdnen daxmarebas, Znelad
axerxebda piradi higienaze zrunvas. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom mZime
invalidis moTavseba iseT pirobebSi, rogoricaa: Zlieri sicive, zedmetad
myari an miuwvdomeli sawoli, rac zrdis wylulebis gaCenis albaTobas,
didi Zalisxmevis gareSe tualetiT sargeblobis an sisufTavis SenarCunebis
SeuZlebloba Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas warmoadgens.

saqmeze “p.m. ungreTis winaaRmdeg” (1998w.) komisiam daadgina, rom wels qvemoT
paralizebuli patimrisTvis adekvaturi sanitaruli pirobebis aRmouCenloba
me-3 muxls arRvevda.
© interights 2007

saqmeze vinsenti safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (2006w.) ganmcxadebeli avad iyo
qveda kidurebis paraliCiT da ar SeeZlo etlis gareSe moZraoba. igi
acxadebda, rom cixis sakani, sadac is moaTavses arasrulwlovnis gatacebaSi
monawileobis braldebiT, etlze gaTvlili ar iyo da mas yoveldRiurad
praqtikuli sirTuleebi eqmneboda. ganmcxadebels ar SeeZlo damoukideblad
saknidan
gamosvla
da
cixis
teritoriaze
gadaadgileba.
karebSi
gasasvlelad igi xelSi unda aeyvanaT, xolo etli karebze unda
gadaegorebinaT. garda amisa, ganmcxadebeli mTlianad iyo damokidebuli
sxvebis daxmarebis survilsa da SesaZleblobaze. man am pirobebSi 4 Tve
dahyo, Tumca misi mdgomareoba SeniSna cixis integraciisa da probaciis
samsaxurma da eqimma, ris Semdegac mas SesTavazes parizis regionSi mdebare
ramdenime cixidan erT-erTSi gadayvana. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom
invalidis moTavseba cixeSi, sadac mas ar SeuZlia gadaadgileba da saknis
damoukideblad datoveba, uTanabrdeba “Rirsebis Semlaxav” me-3 muxlis
gagebiT.
2.4.2.8. dakavebulTa intimuri Cxreka
dakavebuli piris SiSvel mdgomareobaSi gaCxreka gamarTlebuli unda iyos
usafrTxoebis mosazrebebiT ise, rom ar Seilaxos adamianis Rirseba.
magaliTad, Cxrekis dros Seuracxmyofeli SeniSvnebi an sapirispiro sqesis
cixis TanamSromlis daswreba SeiZleba warmoadgendes me-3 muxlis darRvevas.
 saqmeze “ivanCuki poloneTis winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) ganmcxadebeli TaRliTobis
braldebiT imyofeboda winaswar
patimrobaSi sasamarTlo ganxilvis
molodinSi. man iTxova saparlamento arCevnebSi xmis micemis nebarTva.
nebarTvis misaRebad mas piradi Cxreka Cautarda. ganmcxadebeli gaaSiSvles
sacvlebamde, romlis drosac cixis TanamSromlebi akeTebdnen damamcirebel
SeniSvnebs misi sxeulis Taobaze da ayenebdnen sityvier Seuracxyofas. mas
sacvlebis gaxda ubrZanes, razec ganmcxadebelma uari Tqva. amis gamo mas
uari uTxres xmis micemis nebarTvis micemaze. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom
ganmcxadebeli adre nasamarTlevi ar yofila da arc ZaladobaSi yofila
SemCneuli, amdenad ar arsebobda misi SiSvel mdgomareobaSi gaCxrekis
safuZveli. sasamarTlom aseve ganacxada, rom marTalia, piris SiSveli
Cxreka SeiZleba zogjer cixis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad an cixeSi
areulobis Tavidan asacileblad aucilebeli iyos, magram aseTi Cxreka unda
Catardes saTanado formiT. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom cixis TanamSromlebis
saqcieli am SemTxvevaSi gamiznuli iyo ganmcxadebelSi damcirebisa da
arasrulfasovnebis grZnobebis gamowvevisken. amiT Seilaxa ganmcxadeblis
adamianuri Rirseba. sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom ganmcxadeblis mimarT
gamoyenebuli iqna me-3 muxliT akrZaluli Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba.

saqmeze “valasinasi litvis winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) ganmcxadebeli ixdida
sasjels. paemanze man miiRo sursaTi. paemnis Semdeg mas ubrZanes, Cxrekis
mizniT gaSiSvlebuliyo, cixis qali TanamSromlis TandaswrebiT. cixis
mamrobiTi
sqesis
TanamSromelma
Seamowma
misi
sasqeso
jirkvlebi
xelTaTmanebis gareSe. misTvis gadacemuli sursaTic gaCxrikes SiSveli
xelebiT da daubrunes ganmcxadebels. mas ubrZanes Seesrulebina buqnebi,
© interights 2007
raTa daedginaT, xom ar malavda rames ukana tanSi. patimars akrZaluli
veraferi aRmouCines. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom marTalia, gaSiSvlebuli
Cxreka SeiZleba aucilebeli iyos cixis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad an
areulobisa da danaSaulis Tavidan asacileblad, magram aseTi Cxreka
saTanado formiT unda Catardes. ganmcxadeblis qalis TandaswrebiT
gaSiSvleba, da amis Semdgom mis sasqeso organoebze da sakvebze SiSveli
xelebiT Sexeba mis mimarT aSkara upativcemulobis gamoxatva iyo da mis
adamianur Rirsebas amcirebda. aseTma mopyrobam masSi tanjvisa da
arasrulfasovnebis iseTi grZnoba datova, rasac misi damcireba da pativis
Selaxva SeeZlo. amdenad, ganmcxadebeli Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis
msxverpli gaxda.
sasamarTlom daadgina, rom gaSiSvlebulis Cxrekis meTodis rutinulad
gamoyeneba,
gansakuTrebiT
ki
sxeulze
SexebiT
xangrZlivi
periodis
ganmavlobaSi
amis
aucileblobis
gareSe
sxva
mkacr
usafrTxoebis
RonisZiebebTan erTad me-3 muxls arRvevs.

saqmeze “lorse da van der veni niderlandebis winaaRmdeg” (2003w.)
ganmcxadebeli
winaswar
patimrobaSi
imyofeboda
rigi
Zaladobrivi
danaSaulebis,
maT
Soris,
mkvlelobisa
da
gaupatiurebis,
agreTve
narkotikuli danaSaulis braldebiT. igi gadaiyvanes yvelaze dacul
sapyrobileSi mas Semdeg, rac miiRes operatiuli informacia misi savaraudo
gaqcevis
Taobaze.
usafrTxoebis
reJimi,
sxva
RonisZiebaTa
Soris,
gulisxmobda ganmcxadeblis sxva dakavebulebTan kontaqtisa da ojaxis
wevrebTan Sexvedris SezRudvas, kviraSi mxolod erTi viziti, SuSis
gamyofis saSualebiT. TveSi erTxel mas “Ria” vizitis nebarTva hqonda,
romlis drosac ojaxis wevrebTan fizikuri kontaqti nebadarTuli iyo
mxolod xelis CamorTmeviT. mas gaSiSvlebuls Cxrekdnen “Ria” vizitamde da
mis Semdeg, agreTve klinikaSi, stomatologTan da dalaqTan vizitebis
Semdeg. garda amisa, sam-naxevari wlis ganmavlobaSi, mas gaSiSvlebuls
Cxrekdnen yovel kviraSi, maT Soris, saknis yovelkvireuli daTvalierebisas
es Cxreka moicavda ukana tanis Semowmebasac, Tundac inspeqtirebis wina
kviras mas aranairi kontaqti ar hqonoda gare samyarosTan da miuxedavad
imisa, rom igi ukve amgvarad gaeCxrekaT klinikaSi, stomatologTan an
dalaqTan vizitis Semdeg. amgvarad, yovelkvireuli Cxreka gaSiSvlebiT
tardeboda rutinulad da ar iTvaliswinebda usafrTxoebis dacvas da arc
ganmcxadeblis saqcielidan gamomdinareobda. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom
usafrTxoebis zomebis mTlianobaSi gaTvaliswinebiT, rutinuli Cxrekebi
gaSiSvlebiT amcirebda ganmcxadeblis adamianur Rirsebas da iwvevda
tanjvisa da arasrulfasovnebis iseT SegrZnebas, romelsac SeeZlo misi
damcireba da Rirsebis Selaxva. aRniSnul saqmeze dadginda me-3 muxlis
darRveva. sasamarTlom ixelmZRvanela wamebisa da araadamianuri an Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis sawinaaRmdego evropis komitetis mier
momzadebuli angariSebiT.
© interights 2007
2.4.2.9. gvamebis dasaxiCreba
axlo warsulSi ganxilul saqmeze “akumi da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg”
(2005w.) sasamarTlom daadgina, rom ganmcxadeblis Svilis gvamis dasaxiCreba
uTanabrdeboda me-3 muxliT akrZalul Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas.
2.4.3
diskriminacia
rasobriv an sqesobrivi diskriminacia SeiZleba Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad
CaiTvalos. PaRniSnuli problemis Taobaze komisiis mier ganxiluli pirveli
saqme iyo “aRmosavleT-afrikeli azielebi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg”
(1973). britanuli saimigracio kanonmdebloba azielebs, romlebic didi
britaneTis da misi koloniebis moqalaqeebi iyvnen da cxovrobdnen aRmosavleT
afrikaSi, qveyanaSi Sesvlas ukrZalavda. komisiam daadgina, rom am pirebis
mimarT rasobrivi niSniT diskriminacias hqonda adgili. Sesabamisi kanoni
miiRes maSin, rodesac “afrikanizaciis” politikis farglebSi, aRmosavleT
afrikaSi azielebs arTmevdnen saarsebo saSualebebs. komisiam ganacxada, rom
gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda daeTmos rasobriv niSanze dafuZnebul
diskriminacias; rasobrivi niSniT pirTa jgufis sajarod gamocalkeveba
gansxvavebuli mopyrobis mizniT SeiZleba garkveul garemoebebSi warmoadgendes
“adamianuri Rirsebis Selaxvis specialur formas” da amdenad uTanabrdebodes
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas. komisiam aseve aRniSna, rom pirTa jgufis
gansxvavebuli mopyroba rasobrivi niSniT SeiZleba CaiTvalos Rirsebis
Semlaxav mopyrobad maSin, rodesac raime sxva niSniT gansxvavebuli mopyroba
saerTod ar iwvevdes Sedegebs. komisiam, am mocemul garemobebSi, daadgina me-3
muxlis darRveva.
abdulazisis saqmeze (ix. qvemoT) sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom marTalia,
saxelmwifoebma wmindad rasistuli saimigracio politika ar unda gaataron,
magram preferenciuli mopyrobis gamoyeneba sakuTari moqalaqeebisa da maTTan
axlo urTierTobaSi myofi sxva qveynebidan Semosuli pirebis mimarT ar
iTvleba rasobriv diskriminaciad. Tumca, sasamarTlom ganagrZo am kanonebis
miznis ganxilva imis dasadgenad, CaiTvlebian Tu ara isini Rirsebis
Semlaxavad. calkeuli rasobrivi jgufis warmomadgenlebis damcirebis
ganzraxva CaiTvleba rasizmis mtkicebulebad da savaraudod gauTanabrdeboda
me-3 muxlis darRvevas.
 saqmeze abdulazisi, kabalesi da balkandali gaerTianebuli samefos
winaaRmdeg
(1985w.)
ganmcxadeblebs,
romlebic
kanonier
safuZvelze
cxovrobdnen did britaneTSi, ar SeeZloT, saimigracio kanonmdeblobiT
dawesebuli SezRudvebis gamo, did britaneTSi maTTan sacxovreblad mieRoT
ucxo saxelmwifos moqalaqe meuRleebi. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom am
kanonmdeblobis mizani mniSvnelovani iyo me-3 muxlis darRvevis dasadgenad.
sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom ganmcxadeblebis mimarT gansxvavebuli mopyroba
maTi pativis raime saxiT Seuracxyofas an maT upativcemulobasa da
damcirebas ar isaxavda miznad; kanoni gamiznuli iyo mxolod Sida SromiTi
bazris
dacvasa
da
sxvadasxva
rasebs
Soris
kargi
urTierTobis
xelSewyobaze.
© interights 2007
saqmeebze, romlebic ar exeba saimigracio politikis uxerxul sakiTxebs,
sasamarTlom aRiara, rom diskriminacia SeiZleba gauTanabrdes me-3 muxlis
darRvevas.
 saqmeze “kviprosi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) sasamarTlom daadgina, rom
CrdiloeT kviprosSi (Turquli nawili) mcxovrebi berZeni kviproselebi
iyvnen Zalze mkacri SezRudvebis obieqtni, rac gamoixateboda ZiriTadi
Tavisuflebebis ganxorcielebis xelyofaSi da mimarTuli iyo iqiTken, rom
droTa ganmavlobaSi es sazogadoeba arsebobas Sewyvetda. xelisuflebis
organoebi berZen kviproselebs ar aniWebdnen uZravi qonebis naTesavebisTvis
memkvidreobiT gadacemis uflebas, es exeboda uaxloes naTesavebsac, garda
im SemTxvevisa Tu es ukanasknelnic kviprosis CrdiloeT nawilSi
cxovrobdnen. CrdiloeT nawilSi ar iyo saSualo skolebi, xolo berZen
kviprosel bavSvebs, romlebic swavlas irCevdnen samxreT nawilSi mdebare
saSualo skolebSi, ar aZlevdnen CrdiloeT nawilSi cxovrebis uflebas 16
wlis asakis (mamrobiTi sqesis bavSvebis SemTxvevaSi) da 18 wlis asakis
(mdedrobiTi
sqesis
bavSvebis
SemTxvevaSi)
miRwevis
Semdeg.
berZeni
kviproselebi iZulebulni iyvnen ecxovraT izolirebis, gadaadgilebis
SezRudvis, kontrolisa da maTi sazogadoebis ganaxlebis an ganviTarebis
yovelgvari perspeqtivis ararsebobis pirobebSi. sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom
maTdami aseTi damokidebulebis safuZveli maTi warmomavloba, rasa da
religia iyo. pirobebi, romlebSic es mosaxleoba iZulebuli iyo ecxovra,
iyo damamcirebeli da warmoadgenda me-3 muxlis darRvevas.

saqmeze “moldovani da sxvebi rumineTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) erT sofelSi
macxovrebeli 24 ganmcxadebeli iyo boSuri warmomavlobis rumineTis
moqalaqe. 1993 wlis seqtemberSi sam boSa mamakacs da soflis sxva
macxovrebels Soris warmoiSva dava, ris Sedegadac am ukanasknelis vaJi
gardaicvala CxubSi Carevis mcdelobisas. samma mamakacma axlos mdebare
saxls Seafara Tavi. gareT Seikriba didi, gabrazebuli xalxis brbo, maT
Soris adgilobrivi policiis ufrosi da ramdenime policiis sxva
TanamSromeli. boSebis saxls cecxli waukides. orma mamakacma saxlidan
gamosvla moaxerxa. maT daedevna brbo, romelmac isini cemaSi mokla. mesamem
saxlidan gamosvla ver moaswro da cecxlSi daiwva. ganmcxadeblebi
amtkiceben, rom policia brbos sofelSi mdebare boSebis kidev ufro meti
qonebis ganadgurebaSi uwyobda xels. meore dRes, boSebis 13 saxli mTlianad
gaanadgures, xolo ramdenime sxva mZimed daazianes. ganmcxadebelTa qonebis
didi nawilic ganadgurda. aqedan darCenili saxsrebiT mxolod oTxi saxlis
xelaxla aSeneba SeZles. 1994 wlis noemberSi rumineTis mTavrobam
damatebiTi saxsrebi gamoyo dazianebuli an ganadgurebuli saxlebis
aRsadgenad.
ganmcxadeblebma
warmoadgines
fotosuraTebi
imis
dasadastureblad, rom es saxlebi Zalze uxarisxod iyo aSenebuli. saolqo
sasamarTlom zianis anazRaureba miakuTvna im saxlebisTvis, romelTa
aRdgena ver moxerxda, agreTve gardacvlilTa Svilebs sarCo dauniSna.
ganmcxadebelTa sarCelebi piradi qonebis dakargvasTan dakavSirebiT iseve
rogorc
araqonebrivi
zianis
moTxovna
usafuZvlobis
motiviT
ar
dakmayofilda.
evropis
sasamarTlom
daadgina,
rom
ganmcxadeblebis
wesierebasa da cxovrebis wesTan dakavSirebiT saxelmwifo xelisuflebis
© interights 2007
organoebis mier gakeTebuli SeniSvnebi sufTad diskriminaciuli iyo.
rasobrivi diskriminacia, rogorc aseTi, SeiZleba uTanabrdebodes Rirsebis
Semlaxav mopyrobas me-3 muxlis miznebisTvis; aRniSnuli muxlis safuZvelze,
aseTi
SeniSvnebi
ganmcxadeblebis
saCivris
ganxilvisas damamZimebel
garemoebebad unda Sefasdes. ganmcxadeblebis cxovrebis pirobebi da maT
winaaRmdeg sajarod gamoxatuli diskriminacia, agreTve is, Tu rogor
epyrobodnen
maT
saCivrebs
xelisuflebis
sxvadasxva
organoebi,
warmoadgenda
maTi
adamianuri
Rirsebis
Selaxvas,
rac,
mocemul
garemoebebSi, uTanabrdeboda “damamcirebel mopyrobas” me-3 muxlis gagebiT.
sasamarTlom aseve aRniSna, rom diskriminacia sxva niSnebis safuZvelze
SeiZleba aseve arRvevdes me-3 muxls.
 saqmeze “smiti da greidi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1999w.)
ganmcxadeblebi daiTxoves samxedro samsaxuridan homoseqsualizmis gamo,
ris Taobazec sasamarTlom ganacxada (paragrafi 121), rom is
... ar gamoricxavs, rom mopyroba, romelic efuZneba heteroseqsualuri
umravlesobis zemoaRniSnuli xasiaTis dapirispirebas homoseqsualuri
umciresobis winaaRmdeg, principSi, SeiZleba moxvdes me-3 muxlis
moqmedebis sferoSi.
sadavoa, rom konvenciis me-14 muxliT akrZaluli diskriminaciis nebismieri
forma, romelic aSkarad mimarTulia sazogadoebis umravlesobis mier Seqmnili
sikeTeebis aseTi jgufisTvis akrZalvisken, sasamarTlom“adamianis Rirsebis
Semlaxavad” CaTvalos, smiti da greidis saqmeze sasamarTlos mier gakeTebuli
komentarebis Tanaxmad.
komisiam ganacxada, rom qmedeba, romelic adamians amcirebs misi rangis,
mdgomareobis, reputaciis an Tvisebis niSniT, SeiZleba Rirsebis Semlaxavad
CaiTvalos da, Sesabamisad, me-3 mulis darRvevad, Tu is aRwevs sisastikis
garkveul xarisxs. nebismieri qmedeba, romelic mniSvnelovnad amcirebs
dazaralebuls sxvebis winaSe an aiZulebs mas imoqmedos misi nebis an sindisis
sawinaaRmdegod, “aRmosavleT afrikeli azielebi didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg”
(1973w.) saqmis msgavsad SeiZleba Rirsebis damamcirebel mopyrobas gautoldes.
saqmeze “abdulazisi, kabalesi da balkandali didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg
(1985w.) sasamarTlom mianiSna, rom Tu damtkicdeba, rom diskriminaciuli qmedeba
gamoxatavs piris Seuracxyofas an misdami upativcemulobas, gamiznuli iyo da
miaRwia kidec piris damcirebas an misi pativis Selaxvas, maSin aseTi qmedeba
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad CaiTvleba. Tumca, faqtebis mtkiceba SeiZleba
problematuri iyos.
 bolo periodSi ganxilul erT-erT saqmeze sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom
SeiZleba arc iyos aucilebeli imis mtkiceba, rom ama Tu im mopyrobis
mizani iyo dazaralebulis damcireba. saqmeze “labita italiis winaaRmdeg”
(2000w.) ganmcxadebeli daakaves mafiasTan kavSirSi danaSaulebis CadenaSi
eWvis safuZvelze. is acxadebda, rom misdami gamoyenebuli iyo arasaTanado
mopyrobis sxvadasxva formebi. sasamarTlom imsjela imis Taobaze,
gamoyenebuli iyo Tu ara ganmcxadeblis mimarT Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba:
(paragrafi 120) “mopyrobis mizani iyo Tu ara dazaralebulis damcireba an
misi Rirsebis Selaxva kidev erTi faqtoria, romelic mxedvelobaSia
© interights 2007
misaRebi, magram aseTi miznis ararseboba sabolood ar gamoricxavs me-3
muxlis darRvevis dadgenis SesaZleblobas”. saqmeze “kurti TurqeTis
winaaRmdeg” (1998w.) ganmcxadebeli iyo dazaralebulis deda, romelic
gauCinarda iseT garemoebebSi, rac saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblobas iwvevda.
sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom ganmcxadebeli Tavadac iyo araadamianuri da
Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis msxverpli, radgan igi wlobiT iTmenda
saxelmwifo xelisuflebis organoebis umoqmedobasa da araferi icoda misi
Svilis adgilsamyofelis Sesaxeb.
2.4.4
sikvdiliT dasja: me-2 muxlTan kavSiri
sasamarTlom ganixila arRvevs Tu ara me-3 muxls sikvdiliT dasja, romelic
konkretulad daSvebulia konvenciis me-2 muxliT. me-2 muxlis Sesabamis nawilSi
naTqvamia:
“sicocxlis xelyofa dasaSvebia mxolod sasamarTlos mier gamotanili
sasikvdilo ganaCenis aRsrulebis Sedegad, iseTi danaSaulis CadenisaTvis,
romlisTvisac kanoni iTvaliswinebs am sasjels.”
bolo dromde amitomac sirTules warmoadgenda sikvdiliT dasjis, rogorc
aseTis, sadaod gaxdoma.
am TvalsazrisiT sadavo faqtorebad CaiTvleba:
sasjelis aRsrulebis momlodine piris patimrobis pirobebi, ramdenad
Tanazomieri iyo sikvdiliT dasja Cadenili danaSaulis, msjavrdebuli piris
irgvliv arsebuli garemoebebi ZiriTadi (mag., sioringis saqme). dResdReobiT
sasamarTlos precedentul samarTalSi, sikvdilis dasja SeiZleba iwvevdes me-3
muxlis darRvevas nacvlad me-2 muxlisa, konvenciis ratifikaciis Semdgom
Camoyalibebuli yvela xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos praqtikis gaTvaliswinebiT.

saqmeze “g.b. bulgareTis winaaRmdeg” (2004w.) ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom
misi dakaveba sasjelis aRsrulebaze moratoriumis periodSi uTanabrdeboda
wamebas da araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas me-3 muxlis
gagebiT; vinaidan, igi SiSs ganicdida aRsrulebis SesaZlo ganaxlebasTan
dakavSirebiT, didi xnis manZilze imyofeboda gaurkvevlobaSi da misi
dakavebis pirobebi da reJimi ar iyo damakmayofilebeli. am mdgomareobas
amZimebda isic, rom ar arsebobda samarTalwarmoebis raime meqanizmi,
romliTac
SesaZlebeli
iqneboda
misi
mdgomareobis
gaumjobeseba.
ganmcxadebeli aRniSnavda, rom igi iyo “sikvdilis rigis fenomenis”
msxverpli, romelzec laparakia sioringis saqmeSi. sasamarTlom, gancdili
mopyrobis farglebis Sefasebisas, xazi gausva xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoebSi
sikvdiliT dasjis mimarT dResdReobiT arsebuli praqtikis mniSvnelobas.
sasamarTlom aRiara, rom sikvdiliT dasjiT gamowveuli SiSi da
gaurkvevloba am sasjelis aRsrulebis realurobis pirobebSi, marTlac
iwvevs adamianSi mniSvnelovani xarisxis tanjvas. magram sasamarTlom miiCnia,
rom bulgareTSi sikvdiliT dasjis gauqmebisa da samarTlebrivi dacvis
meqanizmebis arsebobis Sesaxeb informaciis safuZvelze, ganmcxadeblis
mdgomareoba ar Seesabameba “sikvdilis rigSi” myofi pirebis mdgomareobas
sikvdiliT dasjis praqtikis mqone qveynebSi. marTalia, sasamarTlom ar
gaiziara mosazreba, rom aRsrulebaze moratoriumis periodSi dakaveba
© interights 2007
TavisTavad sakmarisi iyo me-3 muxlis darRvevis dasamtkiceblad, man miiCnia,
rom
ganmcxadeblis
dakavebis
pirobebi,
misi
piradi
mdgomareobis
gaTvaliswinebiT, scdeboda me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebul tanjvis dasaSveb
dones. ix. agreTve gadawyvetileba saqmeze “iorgovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg”
(2004w.).

saqmeze “ojalani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebels miusajes
sikvdiliT dasja teroristuli danaSaulebis CadenaSi msjavrdebis Sedegad.
igi acxadebda, rom sasjelis saxiT sikvdilis Sefardeba warmoadgenda
araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas me-3 muxlis gagebiT da
imavdroulad arRvevda me-2 muxliT gaTvaliswinebul sicocxlis uflebasac.
didma palatam ar gaiziara mosazreba, rom sikvdiliT dasja, rogorc aseTi,
warmoadgens me-3 muxliT akrZalul araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobas, magram ganmarta, rom ukanono samarTalwarmoebis Sedegad,
sikvdiliT dasjis Sefardeba namdvilad me-3 muxlis darRvevad CaiTvleboda;
kerZod, im safuZvliT, rom piri aramarTlzomierad ganicdida sasjelis
SiSs. sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom sikvdilis dasjiT gamowveuli momavlis SiSi
da gaugebroba im pirobebSi, rodesac arsebobs sasjelis aRsrulebis
realuri perspeqtiva, adamianSi tanjvis mniSvnelovan xarisxs iwvevs. aseTi
tanjva ukanono marTlmsajulebis
Semadgeneli nawilia, arRvevs ra
konvencias, vinaidan adamianis sicocxle dgas sasworze. am konkretul
SemTxvevaSi,
sasamarTlom
CaTvala,
rom
saqmis
mwarmoebeli
Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi sasamarTlos damoukideblobasa da miukerZoeblobis
Taobaze arsebuli eWvebis fonze, sikvdiliT dasjis Sefardeba warmoadgenda
me-3 muxlis sawinaaRmdego arahumanur mopyrobas da amavdroulad arRvevda
me-2 muxls (sicocxlis ufleba). ixileT, agreTve, ilaSkus saqme, romelic
qvemoTaa ganxiluli.

saqmeze “baderi da sxvebi SvedeTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebels
siriaSi miusajes sikvdiliT dasja mis dauswreblad. sasamarTlom CaTvala,
rom baton baders hqonda samarTliani da dasabuTebuli SiSi, rom misTvis
Sefardebul sikvdiliT dasjas sisruleSi moiyvandnen misi samSobloSi
iZulebiT dabrunebisas. garda amisa, radgan am sasjelis aRsruleba
sazogadoebis
kontrolisa
da
misdami
angariSvaldebulebis
gareSe
xorcieldeba,
aRsrulebasTan
dakavSirebuli
garemoebebi
gardauvlad
gamoiwvevda baton baderSi mniSvnelovan SiSsa da tanjvas; xolo, is da
yvela
danarCeni
ganmcxadebeli
ganicdidnen
autanel
gaurkvevlobas
sasjelis
aRsrulebis
drois,
adgilisa
da
formis
Taobaze.
Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTalwarmoeba unda CaiTvalos samarTliani
sasamarTlos uflebis uxeS darRvevad, vinaidan sasjelis Sefardebis
sakiTxi sakmaod martivad gadawyda dacvis mxaris uflebebis totaluri
ugulebelyofis
Sedegad.
bunebrivia,
ganmcxadeblebi
kidev
met
gaurkvevlobaSi
imyofebodnen
da
ganicdidnen
tanjvas
siriaSi
samarTalwarmoebis msvlelobisas. sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom arasamarTliani
sasamarTlo ganxilvis Sedegad, batoni baderisTvis Sefardebuli sikvdiliT
dasja aucileblad gamoiwvevda ganmcxadeblebSi damatebiT SiSsa da tanjvas
maT momavalTan dakavSirebiT, Tu maT iZulebiT daabrunebdnen siriaSi,
© interights 2007
radgan arsebobda am qveyanaSi sasjelis aRsrulebis realuri perspeqtiva.
sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom arsebobda arsebiTi safuZveli varaudisTvis, rom
samSobloSi dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi baton baders realurad emuqreboda
sikvdiliT dasjis aRsruleba, rac me-2 da me-3 muxlebs arRvevda.
3. mtkicebis tvirTi da standarti mesame muxlTan mimarTebaSi
3.1.1
mtkicebis tvirTi
sasamarTlos Cveulebriv miaCnia, rom me-3 muxlis darRvevis mtkicebisas,
wamoyenebuli
argumentebi
dadasturebuli
unda
iyos
Sesabamisi
mtkicebulebebiT. sxva sityvebiT, ganmcxadebeli valdebulia warmoadginos me-3
muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis an dasjis damadasturebeli mtkicebulebebi.
mtkicebulebebia: sxeulis dazianebis amsaxveli samedicino daskvnebi, mowmeTa
Cvenebebi, fotomasala da sxva. amgvari mtkicebulebis Sefasebis Sedegad, unda
dasturdebodes dazianebebis miyenebis faqti, maTi mZime xarisxi imisaTvis, rom
mopyrobis minimaluri zRvari miRweulad CaiTvalos.
Tumca,
sasamarTlom
aRiara,
rom
konvenciiseuli
samarTalwarmoebisas
“yovelTvis rodi xdeba principis - affirmanti incumbit probatio (mtkicebis tvirTi
ekisreba momCivans) gamoyeneba, radgan zogjer mxolod mTavrobas miuwvdeba
xeli
informaciaze,
romelsac
SeuZlia
daadasturos
an
gaabaTilos
mowinaaRmdege mxaris mier wamoyenebuli argumentebi.” (ix. gadawyvetileba
saqmeze “xudoiorovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.), paragrafebi 112-113.) Tu
mTavroba ver warmoadgens aseT informacias, sasamarTlos SeuZlia daaskvnas,
rom ganmcxadeblis saCivari dasabuTebulia. marTlac, sasamarTlom araerTxel
aRniSna, rom “yovelgvari gonivruli eWvis gareSe” mtkicebis standartis
(ganxilulia
qvemoT)
miRwevisTvis
saWiro
mtkicebuleba
SeiZleba
“gamomdinareobdes sakmarisad myari, mkafio da urTierTSesabamisi daskvnebis an
msgavsi gaubaTilebeli faqtobrivi prezumfciebis Tanaarsebobidan.” ix.,
magaliTad, salmani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, paragrafi 100, romelic qvemoTaa
ganxiluli da meTiu niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (2005w.), paragrafi 154.
 ase magaliTad, saqmeze “salmani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2000w.) sasamarTlom
ganacxada, rom “Tu saqmesTan dakavSirebuli garemoebebi mTlianad an
umeteswilad mxolod xelisuflebis organoebisTvisaa cnobili, magaliTad,
dakavebis periodSi maT kontrols daqvemdebarebuli pirebis SemTxvevaSi,
dakavebis periodSi sxeulebrivi dazianebebis warmoSoba myar faqtobriv
varauds wamoWris. marTlac, SeiZleba CaiTvalos, rom mtkicebis tvirTi
ekisreba xelisuflebas warmoadginos damakmayofilebeli da damajerebeli
axsna-ganmarteba.”
sasamarTlom araerTxel gamoxata survili, mieTiTebina saxelmwifos Secdomaze
warmoadginos
mtkicebulebebi
saqmeebze,
romlebic
dakavSirebuli
iyo
ganmcxadeblis patimrobasTan. amiT gasagebi gaxda, rom Tu warmodgenilia
mtkicebuleba, romelic adasturebs, rom dazaralebulis mimarT gamoyenebuli
iyo arasaTanado mopyroba im periodSi, rodesac is saxelmwifos mier iyo
© interights 2007
dakavebuli, maSin mtkicebis tvirTi saxelmwifoze gadadis; aseT SemTxvevaSi,
saxelmwifom
unda
warmoadginos
misi
pasuxismgeblobis
gamomricxveli
mtkicebuleba. sxva sityvebiT, patimrobis/dakavebis SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifos
valdebulebaa
waradginos
damajerebeli
axsna-ganmarteba
fizikur
dazianebebTan dakavSirebiT. es mniSvnelovania, radgan aseT saqmeebze Sesabamisi
mtkicebulebebi
mTlianad
an
umeteswilad
mxolod
saxelmwifosTvisaa
xelmisawvdomi.
 saqmeze “berqTai TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) ganmcxadebeli daapatimra
policiam da Cxrekis Casatareblad missave binaSi miiyvana, romelic meoTxe
sarTulze mdebareobda. Cxrekas eswreboda rva policieli. rodesac
ganmcxadebelma gaaRo aivanze gasasvleli kari, misi TqmiT, igi kedlidan
miwaze gadaagdes. samedicino Semowmebis Sedegad aRmoCnda, rom misi
mdgomareoba mZime iyo da mis sicocxles safrTxe emuqreboda. sasamarTlom
daadgina, rom policiis mowmeTa ganmartebebi ganmcxadeblis sxeulebriv
dazianebebTan dakavSirebiT urTierTgamomricxavi iyo. dakavebuli pirebis
Taobaze wina precedentuli praqtikis mixedviT, saxelmwifos ekisreboda
iseTi mtkicebulebis warmodgenis valdebuleba, romelic saeWvos gaxdida
dazaralebulis mier wamoyenebul versias.

saqmeze “ribiCi avstriis winaaRmdeg” (1995w.) ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom
policiis dakavebaSi yofnisas mas arasaTanadod moepyrnen. mTavroba sadaod
ar xdida, rom ganmcxadebels sxeulebrivi dazianebebi miadga policiis
dakavebaSi yofnis periodSi; Tumca, aRniSnavda, rom Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi
sisxlis samarTalwarmoebisas, policielebis mxridan braleuli qmedebis
raime faqtis dadgena ver moxerxda. sasamarTlom miuTiTa policiis
TanamSromelTa Cvenebebis Seusabamobaze; kerZod, erT-erTma TanamSromelma,
romelic manqanas marTavda, ganacxada, rom mas ganmcxadeblis waqceva ar
daunaxavs. mTavrobam ver warmoadgina raime damajerebeli axsna-ganmarteba
imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom dazianebebi gamowveuli iyo manqanis karebze
mijaxebiT. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom TavisuflebaSezRuduli piris
SemTxvevaSi, nebismieri fizikuri Zalis gamoyeneba, romelic mkacrad
aucilebeli ar aris dakavebulis saqcielidan gamomdinare, amcirebs mis
adamianur Rirsebas da principSi warmoadgens me-3 muxlis darRvevas.
mocemul SemTxvevaSi, miRebuli dazianebebi miuTiTebda arasaTanado
mopyrobaze, romelic uTnabrdeboda rogorc araadamianur, ise Rirsebis
Semlaxav mopyrobas.

saqmeze “tomazi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (1992w.) ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda,
rom igi awames dakavebis periodSi. saqmis ganmxilvel mosamarTlesTan
pirvelad miyvanisas, dakavebidan ori dRis Semdeg, man yuradRebis gaamaxvila
mis sxeulze arsebul dalurjebebze. policiaSi dakavebis periodis Semdgom,
ganmcxadebeli gasinja oTxma eqimma, romelTac daaskvnes, rom dazianebebis
warmoSoba policiaSi dakavebis periods emTxveoda. aravin amtkicebda, rom
ganmcxadeblis sxeulze arsebuli dazianebebi SeiZleba gamCdariyo mis
dakavebamde an gaqcevis mcdelobisas an Tavad ganmcxadebels gamoewvia.
sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom warmodgenili mtkicebulebiT dasturdeboda
policiis mxridan ganmcxadeblisadmi arasaTanado mopyrobis faqti.
© interights 2007

saqmeze “aidini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1997w.) dazaralebuli amtkicebda, rom
igi gaaupatiures da scemes policiaSi dakavebis periodSi. sasamarTlom
gaiziara komisiis mier dadgenili faqti, rom sakmarisi mtkicebuleba
arsebobda ganmcxadeblis wamebis faqtis dasadgenad. mTavroba uaryofda,
rom ganmcxadebeli aRniSnul dRes dakavebuli iyo. xelisufleba aseve
amtkicebda, rom miTiTebuli policiis ganyofileba terorizmSi eWvmitanili
pirebis dasakiTxad arasodes gamoiyeneboda. komisiam eWvi Seitana Sesabamisi
wlis dakavebulTa siis namdvilobaSi; siaSi Setanili iyo mxolod 7
Canaweri, xolo wina wlis Canawerebis raodenobasTan SedarebiT am wlis
Canawerebi 90%-iT naklebi iyo – amis Sesaxeb policias adekvaturi axsnaganmarteba ar gaukeTebia. ganmcxadeblis dakavebidan 9 dRis Semdeg Sedgenil
samedicino cnobaSi naTqvami iyo, rom ganmcxadeblis saqalwule apkis
dazianeba moxda gamokvlevamde erT kviraze meti xniT adre da rom
ganmcxadebels
barZayebis
Sida
mxridan
aReniSneboda
mravlobiTi
dalurjebebi. ganmcxadebeli erTi Tvis Semdeg kvlav gasinja sxva eqimma,
romelmac daadastura saqalwule apkis dazianeba, magram ver daadgina
dazianebis dro, vinaidan momxdari SemTxvevidan gasuli iyo 7-10 dRe.
policielebma maTi Senobis aRwerisas, ar aRniSnes sardafis an miwisqveSa
sarTulis arsebobis Sesaxeb; Tumca Senobis amsaxveli videokadrebidan da
Senobis rukidan aSkarad Canda, rom namdvilad arsebobda miwisqveSa
sarTuli, romelic gamoiyeneboda usafrTxoebis zonis saxiT da Sedgeboda
ori saknisa da erTi samuSao oTaxisgan. Kkomisiam am mtkicebulebis,
ganmcxadeblis zepiri Cvenebisa da misi moqcevevaze daydnobiT, miiCnia, rom
ganmcxadebeli gaaupatiures, riTac dairRva me-3 muxli.

saqmeze “sunali TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebeli Cioda, rom
policiis dakavebaSi yofnis periodSi, igi dauqvemdebares me-3 muxlis
sawinaaRmdego mopyrobas. sasamarTlom gaimeora, rom Tu pirma miiRo
sxeulis dazianebebi policiis dakavebaSi yofnisas da es piri am periodSi
mTlianad policielebis kontrolis qveS imyofeboda, maSin mTavroba
valdebulia
warmoadginos
damajerebeli
axsna-ganmarteba
aRniSnuli
dazianebebis warmomavlobis Taobaze. am konkretul saqmeze mTavrobis axsnaganmarteba ar iyo damajerebeli – igi winaaRmdegobrivi iyo da srulad ver
xsnida yvela dazianebis warmoSobis garemoebebs. am pirobebSi, sasamarTlom
daaskvna, rom mTavrobam ver SeZlo damajereblad daedasturebina, rom
batoni sunalis dazianebebi misi policiaSi dakavebisas ar warmoSobila.
ganmcxadeblisTvis miyenebuli fizikuri dazianebebi mianiSnebda iseT
Seuracxyofaze, romelic uTanabrdeboda me-3 muxliT akrZalul, rogorc
araadamianur, ise Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas.
(amis msgavsi sxva saqmeebia afanasievi ukrainis winaaRmdeg (2005w.), abdulsamet
iamani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2004w.) da fedotovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2005w)).
mtkicebis tvirTi saxelmwifoze ekisreba maSinac, rodesac pirma miiRo
fizikuri dazianebebi uSualod dakavebis momentSi. am SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifom
unda amtkicos, rom piris dasakaveblad gamoyenebuli Zala gadaWarbebuli ar
iyo.
© interights 2007

saqmeze “reboki sloveniis winaaRmdeg” (2002w.) cameti policieli iRebda
monawileobas winaswar dagegmil dakavebis operaciaSi, romlis drosac sami
eWvmitanili, maT Soris, ganmcxadebeli unda daekavebinaT. samive piri
eWvmitanili iyo narkotikebis gasaRebaSi. dakavebisas ganmcxadebels or
adgilas gautexes ybis Zvali, ris Sedegadac mas saxis kontuzia daemarTa.
ganmcxadeblis mxridan dakavebisas policiis winaaRmdeg Zalis gamoyenebis an
aseTi muqaris faqti raime mtkicebulebiT ar dasturdeboda. gamoZiebis
msvlelobisas, ganmcxadebeli da sxva dakavebulebi, aseve mowmeebi, romlebic
policias ar mouyvania, ar daukiTxavT. mopasuxe mTavroba acxadebda, rom
policiam ar gadaaWarba Zalis gamoyenebas ganmcxadeblis dakavebisas.
sasamarTlom miiRo ra mxedvelobaSi dazianebebis simZIme da is, rom
Sidasaxelmwifoebriv
sasamarTlos
ar
daudgenia
saqmis
faqtobrivi
garemoebebi (paragrafi 72), miiCnia, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifos evaleboda
meti damajereblobiT emtkicebina, rom dasakaveblad gamoyenebuli Zala
gadaWarbebuli ar iyo.
damatebiT, sasamarTlom imazec unda imsjelos, Tu mtkicebis tvirTi ra
xarisxiT unda daekisros mopasuxe saxelmwifos dakavebis mizniT adekvaturi
Zalis
gamoyenebis
dasasabuTeblad.
am
TvalsazrisiT,
dazaralebulis
saqcielis gaTvaliswinebacaa aucilebeli.
 saqmeze berlinski poloneTis winaaRmdeg (2002w.) ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen
aTletebi, romlebic amtkicebdnen, rom isini policielebma aTletizmis
klubSi dakavebisas cemes. Mmiuxedavad sadavo faqtebis arsebobisa,
sasamarTlom gaiziara mosazreba, rom ganmcxadeblebma fizikuri dazianebebi
swored dakavebisas miiRes. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom ganmcxadeblebi
daakaves specoperaciis dros
iseTi
gauTvaliswinebeli garemoebebis
warmoSobisas, razec reagireba policias eTxova. marTalia, eqvsi policieli
raodenobiT aRemateboda or ganmcxadebels, magram isini aTletebi iyvnen da
maT winaaRmdegoba gauwies klubis Senobis datovebaze policielebis
kanonier moTxovnas, policielTa mier maTi dakavebis mcdelobas da fexiT
cemes ori policieli. ufro metic, ganmcxadeblebi danebdnen mxolod
cecxlsasroli iaraRiT damuqrebis Semdeg. mogvianebiT isini gaasamarTles
policielebze
Tavdasxmis
braldebiT.
sasamarTlom
gaiziara
Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi sasamarTlos daskvna, rom ganmcxadeblebma araswori
reaqcia iqonies martiv valdebulebaze - damorCilebodnen samarTaldamcavi
organoebis warmomadgenelTa kanonier moTxovnas; sxva sityvebiT, es aris
demokratiuli
sazogadoebisTvis
damaxasiaTebeli
zogadi
samoqalaqo
valdebuleba. am garemoebebma daamZimes ganmcxadebelTa mdgomareoba.
sasamarTlom daadgina (paragrafi 62), rom Tu damtkicda, rom savaraudo
dazaralebulebi Zalas iyenebdnen dakavebisaTvis winaaRmdegobis gasawevad,
“mTavrobas naklebi valdebuleba ekisreba amtkicos, rom gamoyenebuli Zala
ar iyo gadaWarbebuli”.
© interights 2007
3.1.2
mtkicebis standarti
saqmeze “irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1978w.) sasamarTlom
aRniSna, rom mtkicebulebaTa Sefasebisas igi, Cveulebriv, “gonivruli eWvis
gareSe” mtkicebis standarts iyenebda.
aRniSnuli mtkicebis standarti gansxvavdeba sxvadasxva qveynis sisxlis
samarTlis sistemebSi arsebuli standartebisgan. saqmeze “meTiu niderlandebis
winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom mtkicebulebaTa Sefasebisas igi
iziarebs “gonivruli eWvis gareSe” standarts. Tumca, aRniSnuli standarti ar
gadmouRiaT misi gamomyenebeli Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTlis sistemebidan:
sasamarTlos mier gamoyenebul mtkicebis standarts avtonomiuri mniSvneloba
aqvs. sasamarTlos roli sisxlis samarTlebrivi braleulobis an samoqalaqo
pasuxismgeblobis dadgena ki ar aris, aramed xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos
konvenciiseul valdebulebebze kontrolia.
marTalia, fraza - “gonivruli eWvis gareSe” ganmcxadebelze Zalian maRali
mtkicebis
valdebulebis
dakisrebad
aRiqmebodes,
magram
sasamarTlos
precedentuli samarTlidan Cans, rom igi me-3 muxlis safuZvelze dayenebul
moTxovnebs guldasmiT Seiswavlis; magaliTad, rodesac mtkicebulebebi
saxelmwifos xelTaa, sasamarTlom SeiZleba mas mosTxovos axsna-ganmarteba
fizikuri dazianebebis Taobaze, an daakisros pasuxismgebloba me-3 muxlis
darRvevaze
dasabuTebuli
saCivris
gamouZieblobis
da
ara
uSualod
materialuri darRvevis Cadenis gamo.
qvemoT ganxilul saqmeebSi miTiTebulia is mtkicebulebebi, romelTa
safuZvelze mxolod me-3 muxlis darRvevis dasabuTeba SeuZlebelia..
 saqmeze “labita italiis winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) ganmcxadebeli, yovelgvari
samedicino daskvnebis gareSe, miuTiTebda mis mimarT me-3 muxliT akrZaluli
mopyrobis
gamoyenebaze.
cixeSi
yofnis
dros
eqimis
momsaxurebiT
sargeblobaze uaric ar dasturdeboda. marTlac, igi cixis eqimebma
ramdenjerme moinaxules. mas xeli miuwvdeboda advokatebze da ramdenjerme
werilobiT gaTavisuflebac moiTxova. arasaTanado mopyrobis Sesaxeb
ganmcxadebelma pirvelad pretenzia dakavebidan eqvsi Tvis Semdeg gamoTqva.
sasamarTlos ganmartebiT, cixeSi yofnisas arasaTanado mopyrobis Sesaxeb
informacia zedmetad zogadi xasiaTis iyo da amdenad mtkicebulebis Zala
mas ar mianiWa. me-3 muxlis darRveva aRniSnul saqmeze ar dadgenila.

saqmeze “indelikato italiis winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda,
rom mas urtyamdnen, cemdnen da Seuracxyofas ayenebdnen cixeSi, SuaRames
aiZulebdnen mieRo civi Sxapi. magram man ver warmoadgina raime samedicino
mtkicebulebebi misi saCivris dasadastureblad. Msis mier wardgenili sxva
mtkicebulebebi gonivruli eWvis gareSe ver adasturebdnen patimris mimarT
msgavsi qmedebebis Cadenas. warmodgenil mtkicebulebaTagan erT-erTi iyo
organizacia “saerTaSoriso amnistiis” da italieli mosamarTlis mier
momzadebuli angariSebi, romelTa mixedviTac imave cixeSi dakavebulebs
arasaTanadod epyrobodnen. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom es angariSebi ver
© interights 2007
CaiTvleboda mtkicebulebad mocemuli saqmisTvis, radgan isini konkretul
ganmcxadebels ar exebodnen. amitom sasamarTlom ar daadastura me-3 muxlis
darRvevis faqti.

saqmeze “tanli TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) dazaralebuli gardaicvala
patimrobaSi. ganmcxadebeli, dazaralebulis mama, amtkicebda, rom misi Svili
sikvdilamde awames. saflavidan amoRebuli gvamis eqspertizas araferi
gamouvlenia. ramdenime mowme acxadebda, rom maT dazaralebulis sxeulze
dalurjebebi SeniSnes, magram ar arsebobda samedicino mtkicebuleba imis
damadasturebeli,
rom dalurjebebi swored travmulma dazianebebma
gamoiwvia da gvamur laqebs ar warmoadgendnen. sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom
wamebis faqti veranairi mtkicebulebiT, garda sikvdilis mizezis Seusabamo
ganmartebisa, ver dasturdeboda.

saqmeze “xaSievi da akaeva ruseTis winaaRmdeg ” (2005w.) orive ganmcxadebeli
qalaq groznoSi (CeCneTis respublikis dedaqalaqi) cxovrobda 1999 wlis
miwuruls samxedro operaciebis dawyebamde. saomari moqmedebebis dawyebis
Semdeg, ganmcxadeblebma saxlebi datoves da inguSeTSi wavidnen. orive
ganmcxadebelma TavianTi saxlebi qalaqSi darCenil naTesavebs miabara
(pirvelma ganmcxadebelma – Zmasa da das, agreTve or srulwlovan disSvils,
meore ganmcxadebelma –Zmas). 2000 wlis ianvris bolos, ganmcxadeblebma
Seityves maTi naTesavebis daRupvis Sesaxeb. groznoSi dabrunebulebma
saxlis ezosa da iqve mdebare garaJSi naTesavebis gvamebi ipoves. gvamebs
aReniSneboda mravlobiTi natyviarebi da daniT miyenebuli Wrilobebi,
agreTve SeSupebebi, zog maTgans ki - gatexili Zvlebi da dasaxiCrebebi.
ganmcxadeblebma cxedrebi inguSeTSi gadaitanes dasakrZalad. groznoSi
meored gamgzavrebisas, meore ganmcxadebelma moinaxula mkvlelobebis
adgili da ipova avtomatis daclili mWidebi da misi Zmis qudi. mezobel
saxlSi man naxa xuTi gvami, romlebsac cecxlsasroli iaraRiT miyenebuli
Wrilobebi aReniSnebodaT. meore ganmcxadebelma inguSeTSi moZebna cocxlad
darCenili meeqvse dazaralebuli, romelmac mas Seatyobina, rom danarCenebi
ruseTis jarma amoxoca. 2000 wlis maisSi daiwyo sisxlis samarTlis
gamoZieba, romelic ramdenjerme SeCerda da isev ganaxlda. damnaSaveebis
gamovlena ver moxerxda. 2003 wels inguSeTis samoqalaqo saqmeTa
sasamarTlom Tavdacvis saministros daavala zianis anazRaurebis gadaxda
batoni xaSievisTvis, daudgeneli samxedro mosamsaxureebis mier misi
naTesavebis mokvlis gamo. am garemoebebze dayrdnobiT, sasamarTlom
ganacxada, rom yovelgvari gonivruli eWvis gareSe ver dasturdeboda
ganmcxadeblebis naTesavebis sikvdilamde wamebis faqti.
3.1.2.1. saerTaSoriso standartebi da angariSebi dakavebis saqmeebze
sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTlidan Cans, rom dakavebis pirobebis
Sefasebisas, sasamarTlo sul ufro xSirad wamebisa da araadamianuri an
Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis sawinaaRmdego evropis komitetis mier
SemuSavebul standartebs iyenebs, romelic moqmedebs wamebis sawinaaRmdego
© interights 2007
evropis konvenciis safuZvelze.2 rigi saqmeebis ganxilvisas, sasamarTlom
miuTiTa agreTve patimarTa mopyrobis Sesaxeb standartuli minimaluri wesebis
safuZvelze gaeros mier SemuSavebul standartebze.
komitetis
zogadi
angariSebi,
romlebic
“komitetis
standartebs”
da
rekomendaciebs
Seicavs,
agreTve
qveyanaSi
vizitis
Sesaxeb
angariSebi
mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs sasamarTlos mier saqmeTa ganxilvisas. marTalia,
komitetis rekomendaciebs da mis mier dadgenil faqtebs sasamarTlosTvis
savaldebulo Zala ar aqvT, magram sasamarTlo maT ganmcxadeblis dakavebis
cud pirobebSi moTavsebis dasabuTebisTvis iyenebs. garda amisa, komitetis mier
dakavebis adgilis Sesaxeb Sedgenili angariSebi SeiZleba ganmcxadeblis mier
dayenebul faqtobriv garemoebasac adasturebdes.
 saqmeze “van der veni da lorse niderlandebis winaaRmdeg” (2003w.)
ganmcxadeblebi dakavebulni iyvnen didi xnis ganmavlobaSi yvelaze mkacr
sapyrobileSi (Extra Beveiligde Inrichting – “EBI”). “EBI” reJimi wamebisa da
araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis sawinaaRmdego
evropis komitetma “araadamianur mopyrobad” miiCnia; reJimi gansakuTrebuli
sisastikiT gamoirCeoda, rac gulisxmobda piradi cxovrebis uflebisa da
adamianebTan kontaqtis mkacrad SezRudvas; am pirobebSi uaresdeboda
patimrebis
fsiqikuri
da
fizikuri
mdgomareobac.
sasamarTlom
mtkicebulebad miiRo ganmcxadeblebis mier warmodgenili fsiqiatriuli
daskvnebi da cixis kompleqsis monaxulebis Semdeg 1997 wlis noemberSi
wamebis sawinaaRmdego komitetis mier Sedgenili angariSi; angariSis
mixedviT, “ “T(EBI)” da “EBI” reJimebiT gaTvaliswinebuli RonisZiebebi
SeiZleba CaiTvalos araadamianur mopyrobad. saSiSad miCneuli patimrebis
aseT reJimSi moqcevam, sazogadoebisTvis SeiZleba kidev ufro saSiSebad
aqcios isini. Sesabamisad sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom “EBI” reJimis pirobebSi
SiSvlad Cxrekisa da usafTxoebis sxva mkacri RonisZiebebis kombinacia me-3
muxliT
akrZalul
araadamianur
an
Rirsebis
Semlaxav
mopyrobas
uTanabrdeboda.

saqmeze “senbaueri xorvatiis winaaRmdeg” (2006) ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda,
rom B seqtorSi Zalian cudi pirobebi iyo. kerZod, misi TqmiT, sakani iyo
Zalian mcire zomis da mas ar gaaCnda sanitariuli saSualebebi da onkanis
wyali. kedlebi iyo nestiani da obiani; ar iyo gaTboba. sakani iyo binZuri.
sawolis TeTreuls Zalian iSviaTad cvlidnen. sasamarTlom, mxareTa mier
miwodebuli masalebis, komitetis angariSebisa da sasamarTlos mier
mivlinebuli delegaciis daskvnebis safuZvelze, aRniSna, rom 2001 wlis 3
ianvridan 2003 wlis 8 aprilamde ganmcxadebeli udaod imyofeboda 5.6
kvadratuli metris farTis sakanSi sxva patimarTan erTad; e.i. ganmcxadeblis
sargeblobaSi arsebuli farTi 4 kvadratul metrze naklebi iyo, rac
TiToeul patimarze mravalkaciani saknebisTvis minimaluri standartia,
rogorc Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdeblobis, ise komitetis standartebis
mixedviT.
http://www.cpt.coe.int/en/default.htm
2
© interights 2007
3.1.2.2 saerTaSoriso da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis angariSebis mniSvneloba
gaZevebis/eqstradiciis saqmeebze
gaZevebis/eqstradiciis
saqmeebze
sasamarTlo
did
mniSvnelobas
aniWebs
saerTaSoriso da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis angariSebsa da gancxadebebs.
Tumca zogadi angariSebi TavisTavad ar warmoadgens konkretul saqmeebze me-3
muxlis darRvevis mtkicebulebas, sasamarTlo maT mxedvelobaSi iRebs
ganmcxadeblis mier gakeTebuli gancxadebebis sarwmunoobisa da obieqturobis
Sefasebisas.
 saqmeze “hilali gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) zanzibaris erTerT kunZulze mcxovrebi tanzaniis moqalaqe politikur TavSesafars did
britaneTSi iTxovda. mas uari eTqva moTxovnis dakmayofilebaze, radgan misi
gancxadebebi arasarwmunod miiCnies, xolo intervius dros mis mier
gacemuli pasuxebi –winaaRmdegobrivad. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom
zanzibaridan wamosvlamde is iyo opoziciuri politikuri partiis wevri.
misi TqmiT, 1994 wlis agvistoSi igi daakaves mademas policiis
ganyofilebaSi (zanzibari) sami TviT, opoziciuri partiis wevrobis gamo, da
awames. dReebis ganmavlobaSi igi Caketili iyo civi wyliT savse sakanSi,
fexebiT dakidebul mdgomareobaSi, Sekruli fexebiT, ra drosac sisxli
wveTobiT Camosdioda cxviridan. mas uerTebdnen dens. ganmcxadebeli
amtkicebda, rom tanzaniaSi misi gaZevebis SemTxvevaSi is dadgeboda wamebis
an araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis safrTxis qveS, ver
isargeblebda samarTlian sasamarTlos uflebiTa da efeqturi dacvis
saSualebebiT.
sasamarTlom
daadgina,
rom,
wardgenili
masalebis
safuZvelze,
gancdil
mopyrobasTan
dakavSirebiT
ganmcxadeblis
gancxadebebSi eWvis Setanis safuZveli ar arsebobda. sasamarTlom aseve
aRniSna, rom organizacia “saerTaSoriso amnistiis” da SeerTebuli Statebis
saxelmwifo departamentis mier tanzaniasTan dakavSirebiT momzadebuli
angariSebis Tanaxmad, opoziciuri partiis wevrebi jer kidev idevnebodnen
mTavrobis mier, adamianis uflebaTa dacvis xarisxi Zalze dabali iyo,
policia, yovelgvari sasamarTlo ganaCenis gareSe, TviTneburad klavda
adamianebs, awamebda eWvmitanilebs; cixeSi kvlav mZime da sicocxlisaTvis
saSiSi mdgomareoba iyo, TviTneburi da xangrZlivi dakavebebi kvlav
problemad rCeboda. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom ganmcxadeblis deportacia
tanzaniaSi daarRvevda me-3 muxls.
niderlandebis
winaaRmdeg”
da
meore
mxriv,
saqmeebze
“tampibilai
“venkadaialasarma niderlandebis winaaRmdeg ” (2004w.) sasamarTlom sxvadasxva
saerTaSoriso angariSebze miTiTebiT, aRniSna, rom usafrTxoebis mdgomareoba
Sri-lankaSi mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda bolo wlebSi; garkveuli periodis
ganmavlobaSi, tamilebis erT adgilas Seyras da/an maT TviTnebur dakavebas
saerTod ar hqonia adgili. tamilebs aRar moeTxovebodaT sxvadasxva adgilebSi
gamgzavrebaze winaswar nebarTvis miReba, “LTTE”-s wevrobis an mis saqmianobaSi
monawileobis eWvis safuZvelze dakavebuli pirebis mimarT arasaTanado
mopyroba an wameba aRar gamoiyeneboda. am safuZvelze, sasamarTlom daadgina,
rom ver dasturdeboda gaZevebis SemTxvevaSi ganmcxadeblebis wamebis an
araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis safrTxis qveS aRmoCenis faqti.
© interights 2007
4.
saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba
4.1
negatiuri valdebulebebi
4.1.1
saxelmwifos uSualo kontrolis qveS
saxelmwifo valdebulia, Tavi Seikavos me-3 muxliT dauSvebeli wamebisa da
arasaTanado mopyrobis sxva formebis Cadenisgan. saxelmwifo pasuxismgebelia
yvela sajaro mosamsaxuris, maT Soris, policiisa da uSiSroebis samsaxuris
TanamSromlebis qmedebebze. saxelmwifo pasuxismgeblobas ver moixsnis me-3
muxliT dagmobili qmedebebisTvis im motiviT, rom man araferi icoda maTi
cadenis Taobaze.
 saqmeze “irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1978w.) mopasuxe
saxelmwifo me-3 muxlis darRvevaSi daadanaSaules dakiTxvis “xuTi meTodis”
gamoyenebis
gamo.
sasamarTlom
ganacxada
(paragrafi
159),
rom
“warmoudgenelia, rom saxelmwifo xelisuflebis umaRles organoebs ar
scodnodaT an ufleba hqondeT ar icodnen msgavsi praqtikis arsebobis
Sesaxeb.
garda
amisa,
konvenciis
Tanaxmad,
es
organoebi
mkacrad
pasuxismgebelni arian maT daqvemdebarebaSi myofi pirebis qmedebebze,
gaaCniaT valdebuleba daimorCilon qveSevrdomebi da
SeinarCunon maTze
mudmivi kontroli ”.
me-3 muxlidan gamomdinare saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba ar dadgeba, Tu
Cadenil calkeul disciplinur gadacdomas Sesabamisi reagireba mohyva.
saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos darRvevaze pasuxismgebeli pirebis dasja da
unda gaataros RonisZiebebi ganmeorebiTi qmedebebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT.
saqmeze “kviprosi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1976w.) Turqma jariskacebma erTad
Seyares berZeni kviproseli mamakacebi da qalebi da TviTneburad daakaves.
komisiam mtkicebulebebze dayrdnobiT daadgina, rom jariskacebma dakavebuli
qalebi da bavSvebi “masobrivad da araerTgzis gaaupatiures”. komisiam
ganacxada, rom “mtkicebulebebiT dasturdeba, rom gaupatiurebebi Caidines
Turqma jariskacebma da, sul cota or SemTxvevaSi, oficrebmac ki, da es ar iyo
cudi
disciplinis
mxolod
erTeuli
gamovlineba.
Uudavoa,
TurqeTis
xelisuflebas ar miuRia adekvaturi zomebi aRniSnulis aRsakveTad an raime
disciplinaruli
RonisZiebebis
gasatareblad
momxdar
incidentebTan
dakavSirebiT. amitom, komisias miaCnia, rom TurqeTis saxelmwifos msgavsi
umoqmedoba iwvevs TurqeTis pasuxismgeblobas konvenciis safuZvelze.”
4.1.2
teritoriuli sakiTxebi
me-3 muxlis safuZvelze saxelmwifos negatiuri valdebulebis ganxilvisas, ori
gansxvavebuli situacia SeiZleba Seiqmnas, rodesac wamebis an sxva saxis cudi
mopyrobis faqtebi saxelmwifos efeqtur kontrols an teritoriis gareT iCens
Tavs. pirveli situacia sasamarTlom ganixila saqmeze “ilaSku da sxvebi
ruseTisa da moldoveTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.).
© interights 2007

ganmcxadeblebi daakaves, rogorc separatistebi da SemdgomSi gadaiyvanes
sapyrobileSi “dnestrispireTis moldovur respublikaSi” – moldovas
regionSi, romelic cnobilia dnestrispireTis saxeliT da romelmac
damoukidebloba gamoacxada 1991 wels. ganmcxadeblebi Ciodnen me-3 muxlis
darRvevis Taobaze. isini amtkicebdnen, rom moldoveTis xelisufleba
pasuxismgebeli iyo aRniSnul darRvevaze, radgan mas adekvaturi zomebi
darRvevis aRsakveTad ar miuRia. ganmcxadeblebis azriT, pasuxismgebloba
unda dakisreboda ruseTis federaciasac, radgan dnestrispireTis teritoria
ruseTis de faqto kontrolis qveS imyofeboda. separatistTa mxardaWeris
mizniT, ruseTs iq ganlagebuli hyavda samxedro Zalebi da samxedro teqnika.
sasamarTlom moldoveTTan mimarTebaSi daadgina, rom mTavroba, romelic
moldoveTis respublikis erTaderTi kanonieri mTavroba iyo saerTaSoriso
samarTlis mixedviT, ver axorcielebda kontrols misi teritoriis am
nawilSi, romelic “dnestrispireTis moldovuri respublikis” efeqturi
kontrolis qveS imyofeboda. Tumca, dnestrispireTis regionSi efeqturi
saxelisuflebo kontrolis ararsebobis miuxedavad, moldoveTs, konvenciis
pirveli muxlis ZaliT, mainc gaaCnda pozitiuri valdebuleba mieRo mis
xelT arsebuli da saerTaSoriso samarTalTan SesabamisobaSi myofi zomebi
ganmcxadeblebisTvis
konvenciiT
garantirebuli
uflebebis
uzrunvelsayofad.
aqedan
gamomdinare,
ganmcxadeblebi
xvdebodnen
moldoveTis respublikis iurisdiqciis pirveli muxlis gagebiT. Tumca,
moldoveTis
respublikis
pasuxismgebloba
gasaCivrebul
qmedebebTan
mimarTebaSi konvenciiT nakisri misi pozitiuri valdebulebebis fonze unda
Sefasebuliyo.
pozitiur
valdebulebebSi
moiazreba:
dnestrispireTis
teritoriaze kontrolis aRsadgenad zomebis miReba, rogorc iurisdiqciis
ganxorcielebis
gamoxatuleba,
ise
ganmcxadebelTa
uflebebis
uzrunvelyofad RonisZiebebis gatareba, maT Soris maTi gaTavisuflebis
mizniT.
sasamarTlom
daaskvna,
rom
SesaZlebeli
iyo
moldoveTis
pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxis dayeneba, Tu dadgindeboda, rom man ar
ganaxorciela masze dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebi gasaCivrebul
qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi.
rac Seexeba ruseTs, sasamarTlom daadgina, rom ruseTis xelisuflebam,
rogorc
samxedro,
ise
politikuri
TvalsazrisiT,
xeli
Seuwyo
separatistuli reJimis Camoyalibebas dnestrispireTis regionSi, romelic
moldovas respublikis teritoriaa. sasamarTlos azriT, rusi jariskacebis
mier ganmcxadeblebis mimarT Cadenili yvela qmedeba, maT Soris maTi
separatistul reJims daqvemdebareba, maSin rodesac ruseTis xelisufleba am
ukanono reJimTan TanamSromlobda; Sesabamisad, separatistuli reJimis
qmedebebis
Sedegebze
pasuxismgebloba
ruseTs
daekisreboda.
“dnestrispireTis moldovuri respublika” rCeboda ruseTis efeqturi
kontrolis an, sul cota, mniSvnelovani zegavlenis qveS. Sesabamisad,
ganmcxadeblebi xvdebodnen ruseTis “iurisdiqciis” qveS da gasaCivrebul
qmedebebze pasuxs ruseTic agebda.
© interights 2007
4.1.3. sxva qveyanaSi cudi mopyrobis msxverplad gaxdomis riski (“gauZevlobis
principi”)
meore situacias adgili aqvs eqstradiciis da deportaciis saqmeebze, rodesac
piri unda gadaeces saxelmwifos, romelSic gonivruli varaudis safuZvelze,
piri me-3 muxlis darRvevis msxverpli gaxdeba. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom me-3
muxli konvenciis pirvel muxlTan3 erTobliobaSi, gulisxmobs, rom gamoqceuli
piris eqstradicia sxva saxelmwifoSi, sadac mas dauqvemdebareben an SeiZleba
dauqvemdebaron wamebas an araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas an
dasjas, TavisTavad gamoiwvevs xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblobas me-3
muxlis safuZvelze.
konvencia pirdapir ar uTiTebs TavSesafris miRebis an iZulebiT dabrunebisgan
dacvis uflebaze. Tumca, konvenciis pirveli muxlis ZaliT, saxelmwifoebi
valdebulni arian Tavi Seikavon maTi iurisdiqciis qveS myofi pirebis iseT
mdomareobaSi Cayenebisgan sxva saxelmwifos xelSi, sadac maT emuqrebaT me-3
muxliT akrZaluli mopyroba.
amasTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlom mkafiod ganmarta, rom me-3 muxli exeba
pirebs, romelTac emuqrebaT eqstradicia (mag., sioringis saqme, romelic
qvemoTaa ganxiluli) an deportacia4 an sxvagvari gadayvana qveyanaSi, sadac maT
mimarT “wamebis an arasaTanado mopyrobis realuri safrTxe iarsebebs”. amdenad,
saxelmwifoSi Sesvlaze uari an saxelmwifodan gaZeveba an eqstradicia5
SeiZleba gauTanabrdes me-3 muxlis darRvevas. rogorc ukve aRiniSna (ix.
aRmosavleT afrikeli azielebis saqme), rasobrivi niSniT saxelmwifoSi
Sesvlaze uari SeiZleba me-3 muxlis darRvevas gautoldes.

saqmeze “sioringi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1989w.) did britaneTs
surda ganmcxadeblis eqstradireba aSS-Si, sadac mas gaasamarTlebdnen
mkvlelobis
braldebiT,
rac
sasjelis
saxiT
sikvdiliT
dasjas
iTvaliswinebda. ganmcxadebeli acxadebda, rom misi eqstradiciisa da
damnaSaved cnobis SemTxvevaSi, mas miusjidnen sikvdils da igi Tavis Tavze
ganicdida “sikvdilis rigis fenomenis” Sedegebs. es fenomeni gulixsmobda
sxva sikvdilmisjilebTan erTad moTavsebas, mravali apelaciis SedegebTan
dakavSirebiT wlebis ganmavlobaSi gaurkvevlobaSi yofnasa da sasjelis
aRsrulebis molodinSi Zlier fsiqikuri stresis gancdas. ganmcxadeblis
TqmiT, sikvdilis rigSi yofna uTanabrdeboda araadamianur da Rirsebis
Semlaxav mopyrobas. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifom ar
unda gadasces piri sxva qveyanas, rodesac arsebobs “mniSvnelovani
safuZveli” varaudisTvis, rom mimReb saxelmwifoSi am pirs wamebis an
araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis realuri safrTxe
emuqreba, miuxedavad im danaSaulis simZimisa, romlisTvisac es piri iZebneba.
3 pirveli muxlis Tanaxmad, “maRali xelSemkvreli saxelmwifoebi maT iurisdiqciaSi myof yvela
pirs uzrunvelyofen pirvel nawilSi gansazRvruli uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT”.
4 kruz varasi da sxvebi SvedeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacxadi # 15576/89, 1991 wlis 20 marti)
5 am nawilis miznebisTvis, sityva “gayvana” moicavs eqstradicias da deportacias.
© interights 2007
4.1.3.1. cudi mopyrobis albaTobis gansazRvra
piris gadacemisas ,e-3 muxlis darRvevis sakiTxis ganxilvisas, sasamarTlo
mxedvelobaSi
iRebs
informacias,
romelic
eqstradiciis
an
gaZevebis
winadadebis miRebisas gadamcemi saxelmwifosTvis cnobili iyo an unda
yofiliyo. garda amisa, sasamarTlo yurad iRebs agreTve informacias, romelic
saxelmwifosTvis gaZevebis Semdeg gaxda cnobili. amasTan, safrTxe unda iyos
realuri da ara varaudis doneze.6
 saqmeze “saidi niderlandebis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebeli iyo
eriTreis
moqalaqe,
romelmac
politikuri
TavSesafari
iTxova
niderlandebSi. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom igi ibrZoda eriTreis
SeiaraRebuli
Zalebis
SemadgenlobaSi
eTiopiis
winaaRmdeg,
magram
TviTneburad datova samxedro samsaxuri da ar SeeZlo eriTreaSi dabruneba
SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mimarT gamoTqmuli kritikis gamo. Ddabrunebis
SemTxvevaSi mas “emuqreboda sikvdilis an/da wamebis an araadamianuri an
Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis realuri safrTxe”. saxelmwifom eWvqveS
daayena misi monaTxrobis namdviloba, ris gamoc sasamarTlos unda
Seefasebina ganmcxadeblis argumentebis zogadi sarwmunooba. sasamarTlom
dadasturebulad CaTvala, rom ganmcxadebelma namdvilad TviTneburad
datova SeiaraRebuli Zalebi da aRniSna, rom marTalia omi damTavrda 2000
wlis
ivnisSi,
magram
arsebuli
informaciis
mixedviT,
eriTreis
xelisuflebam swrafad ar moaxdina SeiaraRebuli Zalebis demobilizacia da
armia srul mzadyofnaSi SeinarCuna. am garemoebebis analizis safuZvelze,
saeWvo xdeboda, rogor SeZlebda ganmcxadebeli SeiaraRebuli Zalebis
datovebas Tu ara dezertirobiT. Tundac, misi gaqceva raimeze mianiSnebdes,
sasamarTlom eWvi ar Seitana ganmcxadeblis Cvenebis sisworeSi misi
dezertirobis Taobaze. rac Seexeba, ukan dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi gaxdeboda
Tu ara is arasaTanado mopyrobis msxverpli, sasamarTlo daeyrdno qveyanaSi
arsebuli mdgomareobis amsaxvel sxvadasxva angariSebs, romelTa mixedviTac,
eriTreaSi dezertirebs arahumanur mopyrobas uqvemdebareben. ganmcxadebeli
amtkicebda, rom igi erTxel ukve daakaves eriTreis samxedro xelisuflebam
batalionSi Sexvedraze sakuTari mosazrebis gamoTqmis gamo. sasamarTlom
dadasturebulad arsebuli garemoebebis erTobliobaSi gaanalizebiT miiCnia,
rom arsebobda safuZvliani varaudi imisa, rom im dros gaZevebis
SemTxvevaSi, ganmcxadebels daemuqreboda me-3 muxliT akrZaluli mopyroba
an dasja.

saqmeze
“baderi
da
sxvebi
SvedeTis
winaaRmdeg ”
(2005w.),
pirveli
ganmcxadebeli iTxovda politikur TavSesafars da acxadebda, rom mas
emuqreboda sikvdiliT dasja, radgan siriis saolqo sasamarTlom igi
dauswreblad cno damnaSaved mkvlelobaSi da miusaja sikvdiliT dasja.
TavSesafris micemaze uaris Tqmisas, man saCivriT mimarTa sasamarTlos da
ganacxada, rom misi deportacia ewinaaRmdegeboda me-3 muxls. sasamarTlom
miiCnia, rom sasamarTlo procesi siriaSi ar iyo samarTliani; xolo,
6
ix. zemoaRniSnuli kruz varasis saqme
© interights 2007
ganmcxadeblis siriaSi dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi, mis bedTan dakavSirebiT igi
mudmiv stressa da SiSSi iqneboda, radgan aRniSnul qveyanaSi Sefardebuli
sasjelis
aRsrulebis
realuri
safrTxe
arsebobda.
Sesabamisad,
sasamarTlom CaTvala, rom gonivruli varaudis safuZvelze, batoni baderis
winaaRmdeg sikvdiliT dasjasa da sastik mopyrobis gamoiyenebdnen me-2 da me3 muxlebis moTxovnaTa darRveviT.
Tumca, saqmeebis umravlesobas7, romlebic Seexeba deportaciis SemTxvevaSi
wamebis gamoyenebis safrTxes, sasamarTlo dauSveblad acxadebs an ar
darRvevas saerTod ar afiqsirebs. sasamarTlo Zalze maRal standarts
iyenebs da acxadebs, rom qveyanaSi mosalodneli sastiki mopyrobis mxolod
varaudi sakmarisi ar aris; saqmis garemoebebiT aSkarad unda mtkicdebodes,
rom ganmcxadebeli arasaTanado mopyrobis safrTxis winaSe uSualod
dadgeba.
 saqmeze
“vilvaraja
gaerTianebuli
samefos
winaaRmdeg”
(1991w.)
ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen Sri-lankeli tamilebi, romelTac uari uTxres did
britaneTSi politikur TavSesafarze. Sri-lankaSi dabrunebis Taobaze
informirebis sapasuxod, ganmcxadeblebma ganacxades, rom dabrunebis
SemTxvevaSi, uSiSroebis samsaxurebi maT sastikad moepyrobodnen. im dros,
saxelisuflebo Zalebsa da tamilTa ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobas Soris
brZola iyo gaCaRebuli. isini mainc gadasces Sri-lankas, xolo sami
maTgani marTlac dauqvemdebares arasaTanado mopyrobas. sasamarTlom
aRniSna, rom maTi gadacemis droisTvis Sri-lankaSi usafrTxoebis
mdgomareoba mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesebuli iyo. garda amisa, gaeros
ltolvilTa
umaRlesi
komisari
zedamxedvelobda
nebayoflobiTi
repatriaciis programas, romlis farglebSic, bevri tamili qveyanaSi
usafrTxod dabrunda. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom marTalia, mdgomareoba
mniSvnelovnad iyo gaumjobesebuli, magram is jer kidev sakmarisad
stabiluri ar iyo, ris gamoc arsebobda ganmcxadebelTa dakavebisa da
maTdami cudi mopyrobis SesaZlebloba. Tumca, cudi mopyrobis mxolod
varaudi
TavisTavad
ar
iyo
sakmarisi
me-3
muxlis
darRvevis
dasafiqsireblad.
 gaZevebis saqmeebze (ix. qvemoT) sasamarTlo mtkicebis maRal xarisxs
iyenebs da iTxovs, rom diskriminacia iyos ara zogadi xasiaTis, aramed
uSualod piris winaaRmdeg mimarTuli. saqmeze “faSkami gaerTianebuli
samefos winaaRmdeg” (2004w.) sasamarTlom ganacxadi dauSveblad miiCnia
miuxedavad imisa, rom ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom iranSi dabrunebis
SemTxvevaSi igi sikvdilis an arasaTanado mopyrobis realuri safrTxis
winaSe dadgeboda misi homoseqsualuri orientaciis gamo. magram
7
ix. salkiCi SvedeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacxadi # 7702/04, 2004 wlis 29 ivnisi); tomiCi didi
britaneTis winaaRmdeg (ganacxadi # 17837/03, 2003 wlis 14 oqtomberi); nasimi SvedeTis
winaaRmdeg (ganacxadi # 38865/02, 2004 wlis 16 marti); hukiCi SvedeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacxadi #
13163/87, 13164/87, 13165/88 da sxvebi, 1991 wlis 30 oqtomberi); faSkami didi britaneTis winaaRmdeg
(ganacxadi # 17341/03, 2004 wlis 22 ivnisi).
© interights 2007
sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom marTalia iranSi zogad arsebuli situacia
xels ar uwyobda adamianis uflebaTa dacvas da am TvalsazrisiT
homoseqsualebi SeiZleba daucvelni yofiliyvnen, ganmcxadebelma ver
daadastura me-2 da me-3 muxlebiT akrZaluli qmedebis mis mimarT
gamoyenebis realuri SesaZlebloba.
 saqmeebze “venkadaialasarma niderlandebis
winaaRmdeg” (2004w.) da
“tampibilai niderlandebis winaaRmdeg” (2004w.) ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen
tamilebi, romelTac emuqrebodaT deportacia niderlandebidan SrilankaSi. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom deportacia me-3 muxls ar
daarRvevda, radgan ganmcxadeblebi dasabuTebuli, realuri da uSualo
safrTxis winaSe ar iyvnen maTi warmoSobis qveyanaSi. sasamarTlom,
marTalia aRiara, rom mdgomareoba Sri-lankaSi jer kidev ar iyo
stabiluri, magram miuTiTa konfliqtis monawile mxareebis samSvidobo
procesisadmi loialur ganwyobaze da im “mimdinare realur procesze,
ris Sedegadac manamde arsebuli myife situacia mniSvnelovnad ganimuxta”.
 saqmeze “muslimi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) ganmcxadebeli iyo
Turqmenuli warmoSobis erayis moqalaqe. igi acxadebda, rom, sadam
huseinis mmarTvelobis damxobis Semdeg, TurqeTidan misi eraySi
deportaciis SemTxvevaSi mas sikvdilis safrTxec ki emuqreboda. aseTi
SfoTva gamowveuli iyo imiT, rom kanonieri sistema an mTavroba zogadad
qveyanaSi, gansakuTrebiT ki ganmcxadeblis dabadebis adgilas ar
arsebobda, xolo imxanad mimdinareobda tomobrivi dapirispireba arabebs,
qurTebsa da Turqmenebs Soris. eraySi arsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb
arasamTavrobo da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis dokumentebisa da
angariSebis safuZvelze, sasamarTlom daadgina, rom qveynis CrdiloeT
nawilSi, sadac ganmcxadebels agzavnidnen, mudmivi usafrTxoebis
problemebi arsebobda. Tumca, ganmcxadeblis warsulisa da zogadad
eraySi arsebuli situaciis Taobaze sasamarTlosTvis wardgenili
mtkicebulebebiT
ar
dasturdeboda,
rom
ganmcxadebeli
Turqmeni
umciresobis sxva warmoamdgenlebze an CrdiloeT erayis Tundac sxva
macxovreblebze uares situaciaSi aRmoCndeboda, Tanac qveynis am nawilze
Zaladobam SedarebiT naklebi kvali datova qveynis sxva nawilebTan
SedarebiT. qveyanaSi droebiTi arastabilurobis safuZvliT arasaTanado
mopyrobis Sesaxeb mxolod varaudis arseboba me-3 muxlis darRvevas
TavisTavad ar uTanabrdeboda.
meore mxriv, ganmcxadebels mkacrad ar moeTxoveba imis mtkiceba, rom
dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi, misdami aradamianuri an sxva ufro sastiki mopyroba
gardauvali iqneba.

saqmeze “n. fineTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) fineTSi Casulma ganmcxadebelma
politikuri TavSesafari dauyovnebliv iTxova. igi acxadebda, rom man
kongos demokratiuli respublika datova 1997 wlis maisSi, rodesac lorendezire kabilas amboxebulma Zalebma xelSi Caigdes Zalaufleba da daamxes
prezident mobutus mTavroba. ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, kongos demokratiul
respublikaSi mis sicocxles safrTxe emuqreboda, radgan igi ekuTvnoda
© interights 2007
prezidentTan daaxloebul wres; kerZod, man Camoayaliba specialuri
daniSnulebis Zalebi (Division Spéciale Présidentielle), romlebic prezidentis
rezidenciaSi iyvnen ganlagebulni. ganmcxadebels uari eTqva TavSesafris
micemaze, radgan adgilobrivma xelisuflebam misi gancxadebebi sarwmunod
ar miiCnia. amis Semdeg, man ganacxadiT mimarTa sasamarTlos, romelSic
aRniSnavda, rom misi gaZevebis gadawyvetilebis aRsruleba gamoiwvevda me-3
muxlis darRvevas. sasamarTlom moaxdina faqtebis Sefaseba, maT Soris,
ganmcxadeblisgan da sxva pirebisgan zepiri da uSualo Cvenebebi miiRo da
daaskvna, rom ganmcxadeblis gancxadebebi iyo sarwmuno da Tanxvedri.
sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom gadamwyveti mniSvneloba unda miniWeboda im
faqtors, rom ganmcxadebeli prezident mobutus specialuri daniSnulebis
ZalebSi asrulebda agentis da informatoris funqcias da angariSvaldebuli
iyo uSualod yofili prezidentis Zalze maRali Cinosnebis winaSe. amitom,
sasamarTlom mocemuli saqmis garemoebebi ganasxvava vilvarajas saqmis
garemoebebisgan,
romelzec
ar
dadasturda,
rom
ganmcxadeblebis
gansakuTrebiT uaryofiT mdgomareobaSi yofna maTi sazogadoebis sxva
wevrebisgan gansxvavebiT. arasaTanado mopyrobis safrTxis wyaro, romlis
winaSec ganmcxadebeli aRmoCndeboda kongoSi dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi,
xelisufleba SeiZleba arc yofiliyo; Tumca, safrTxe savaraudod
disidentebis naTesavebisgan wamovidoda, romelTac prezident mobutus
samsaxurSi
yofnisas
ganxorcielebuli
saqmianobisTvis
SeiZleba
ganmcxadebelze Suri eZiaT. am konkretuli garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT,
arsebobda safuZveli varaudisTvis, rom ganmcxadeblis mdgomareoba ufro
mZime iqneboda prezident mobutus yofili mxardamWerebis umravlesobis
mdgomareobasTan SedarebiT da albaToba imisa, rom xelisufleba ver
SeZlebda an ar eqneboda survili daecva igi aRniSnuli safrTxisgan.
sasamarTlom aseve gaiTvaliswina, rom fineTSi ganmcxadeblis mier
TavSesafris moTxovnis gaxmaurebas misTvis uaryofiTi Sedegebi SesaZloa
mohyoloda. aqedan gamomdinare, sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom gaZevebis
gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebiT dairRveoda me-3 muxli vidre arasaTanado
mopyrobis safrTxe iarsebebda.
4.1.3.2. gaZevebis
arsebobs
absoluturi
akrZalva,
rodesac
cudi
mopyrobis
albaToba
me-3 muxliT daculi uflebis absoluturi xasiaTidan gamomdinare, gamgzavn
saxelmwifos, misi iurisdiqciidan piris gayvanis sakiTxis gadawyvetisas,
ufleba ar aqvs ugulebelyos mimReb saxelwifoSi arsebuli arasaTanado
mopyrobis safrTxe am piris usafrTxoebis dacvis TvalsazrisiT (ix. Cahalis
saqme, paragrafi 80, romelic ganxilulia qvemoT). aseTi safrTxis arsebobis
SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifos erTmeva aseTi piris misi iurisdiqciidan gayvanis
ufleba.

saqmeze “axmedi avstriis winaaRmdeg” (1996w.) ganmcxadebeli iyo somalis
moqalaqe, romelsac 1992 wels avstriaSi mianiWes ltolvilis statusi. 1994
wels
mas
ltolvilis
statusi
gauuqmda,
radgan
ganmcxadebels
Sidsasaxelmwifoebrivi sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT miesaja or wel
© interights 2007
naxevriT
Tavisuflebis
aRkveTa
yaCaRobis
mcdelobisTvis.
evropis
sasamarTlom gadamwyveti mniSvneloba am piris mier Cadenil qmedebas ar
mianiWa miuxedavad misi arasasurvelobisa Tu saSiSi xasiaTisa. me-3 muxliT
garantirebuli dacva ufro farToa ltolvilTa statusis Sesaxeb
gaerTianebuli erebis konvenciis
33-e muxliT
gaTvaliswinebulisgan
gansxvavebiT.
sasamarTlom
gansakuTrebuli
yuradReba
gaamaxvila
im
garemoebaze, rom ganmcxadebels ltolvilis statusi Jenevis konvenciis
mixedviT
hqonda
miniWebuli;
kerZod,
misi
gancxadebebiT
udaod
dasturdeboda, rom ganmcxadeblis, rogorc opoziciuri jgufis wevris
saqmianoba da somaliSi arsebuli zogadi situacia realur varauds qmnida
imisa, rom dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi igi politikuri devnis msxverpli
gaxdeboda. marTalia, ganmcxadebelma ltolvilis statusi dakarga ori
wlis Semdeg, rasac safuZvlad mis mier danaSaulis Cadena daedo.
ganmcxadeblis gaZevebis Sedegebis gaTvaliswineba ar momxdara. me-3 muxlis
absoluturi xasiaTis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlomac igive mosazreba
gaiziara, romelic ar Secvlila arc ganmcxadeblis sisxlissamarTlebrivi
msjavrdebiT da arc im dros somaliSi xelisuflebis ararsebobis
faqtoriT.
Aamdenad,
ganmcxadeblis
somaliSi
gaZevebiT
me-3
muxli
dairRveoda, radgan mas emuqreboda wameba an araadamianuri an Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyroba emuqreboda.
4.1.3.3 terorizmisa da eqstradiciis/gaZevebis winaaRmdeg brZola
dacvis absoluturi xasiaTi kamaTis sagnad iqca terorizmis saqmeebze,
romlebSic
mopasuxe
saxelmwifoebi
amtkicebdnen,
rom
teroristuli
Semotevebisgan mosaxleobis dacvis mizniT, maT unda mieniWoT terorizmSi
eWvmitanili pirebis deportirebis ufleba Tundac safrTxis Semcvel qveynebSi.
es saxelmwifoebi acxadebdnen, rom unda dabalansdes erTi mxriv sazogadoebis
da meore mxriv eWvmitanili teroristebis interesebi dabrunebisas cudi
mopyrobis safrTxis arsebobis pirobebSi.8 aseTi logika ewinaaRmdegeba wamebis
akrZalvis absolutur xasiaTs, Tundac gaZevebis saqmeebze, rogorc es
dadasturebulia sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTliT, dawyebuli Cahalis
saqmidan.
 saqmeze Cahali gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1996w.) indoeli warmoSobis
londonSi
mcxovrebi
ganmcxadebeli
wamyvani
figura
iyo
sikhis
separatistul moZraobaSi. mis winaaRmdeg ramdenjerme mimdinareobda
gamoZieba teroristul saqmianobaSi monawileobis braldebiT. mas waeyena
brali sazogadoebrivi wesrigis darRvevebSi londonis sikhis taZarTan
momxdari areulobebis gamo, magram gaamarTles. SemdgomSi mas acnobes, rom
moxdeboda misi deportacia, vinaidan sazogadoebisTvis saSiSi iyo da
safrTxes uqmnida erovnuli uSiSroebis interesebs. batonma Cahalma
ganacxada, rom indoeTSi misi gayvanis SemTxvevaSi mas awamebdnen.
sasamarTlos warudgines mtkicebuleba, romlis mixedviTac, im periodSi
punjabis policiis TanamSromlebi xSirad arRvevdnen adamianis uflebebs da
maT Soris sikhis mebrZolebTan mimarTebaSi. arsebobda sxva mtkicebulebis
8
ix. ramzi niderlandebis winaaRmdeg da 2005 wlis 20 oqtombris sasamarTlos pres-relizi.
© interights 2007
Tanaxmad, saqmeze gadawyvetilebis gamotanis droisTvis mdgomareoba
mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda. magram sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom indoeTis
policiaSi kvlav arsebobda problemebi da batoni Cahali da misi
politikuri simpatiebi indoeTSi kargad iyo cnobili. sasamarTlom miiCnia,
rom Tavad ganmcxadeblis pirovneba ufro meti zianis momtani faqtori iyo.
mopasuxe mTavroba amtkicebda, rom saxelmwifos erovnuli uSiSroebisTvis
saSiSi piris mier safrTxis Seqmna me-3 muxlis darRvevaze gadawyvetilebis
miRebisas mniSvnelovani yuradsaRebi garemoebaa. aseTi midgoma gulisxmobs
arasaTanado mopyrobis riskis sxvadasxva xarisxi arsebobas. safrTxe rac
ufro realuria, miT naklebi mniSvneloba unda mieniWos erovnul
uSiSroebas. arasaTanado mopyrobis realuri albaTobis arsebobisas,
erovnuli uSiSroebis winaaRmdeg safrTxem balansi unda gaavlos individis
uflebebsa da sazogadoebis saerTo interesebs Soris. sasamarTlom ar
gaiziara
aRniSnuli
aseTi
midgoma
miuTiTa
ra
me-3
muxliT
gaTvaliswinebuli
akrZalvis
absolutur
xasiaTze.
amdenad,
mimReb
saxelmwifoSi piris mimarT araadamianuri mopyrobis sakmarisi varaudis
arsebobisas, Tu saxelmwifo mainc gaaZevebs mas, maSin mas daekisreba
pasuxismgebloba imis gamo, rom ar daicva piri aRniSnuli mopyrobisgan.
sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom batoni Cahalis indoeTSi dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi,
igi aRmoCndeboda me-3 muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis realuri safrTxis qveS.
4.1.3.4. proceduruli
kanonmdeblobaSi
moTxovnebi
TavSesafris
maZiebelTa
maregulirebel
TavSesafris moTxovnisTvis mkacri xandazmulobis vadis dawesebam SeiZleba me-3
muxlis darRveva gamoiwvios, Tu misi gamoyeneba xdeba meqanikurad. marTlac,
nebismieri administraciuli procedura, romelic me-3 muxliT garantirebuli
dacvis
SezRudvas
emsaxureba,
arRvevs
aRniSnul
muxls.
marTalia,
Sidasaxelmwifoebriv doneze eqstradiciis an gaZevebis dasaSvebobis Sesaxeb
gadawyvetilebis mimRebi bolo instancia sasamarTloa, magram aseT saqmeebze
samarTalwarmoebis procesi me-6 muxlis moqmedebis sferoSi ar xvdeba (ix.
maauia safrangeTis winaaRmdeg, 2000w.). amitom eqstradiciisa da gaZevebis
saqmeebze samarTalwarmoebis procesis efeqturobisa da obieqturobis xarisxi
me-3 da me-13 muxlebis safuZvelze ganixileba (ix. qvemoT procesualuri
valebulebebis Sesaxeb).
 saqmeze “jabari TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2000w.) ganmcxadebeli gaiqca iranidan
mas Semdeg, rac xelisuflebam aRmoaCina, rom man qorwinebaSi myof
mamakacTan meuRles uRalata. qalis mxridan meuRlis Ralati iranSi
danaSaulad iTvleboda, romlisTvisac ganmcxadebels qvebiT Caqolva
emuqreboda. igi ukanonod gadavida TurqeTSi 1997 wlis noemberSi, xolo 1998
wlis TebervalSi ecada kanadaSi gaqcevas safrangeTis gavliT, yalbi
pasportis gamoyenebiT. safrangeTis xelisuflebam igi TurqeTSi daabruna.
TurqeTSi Casvlisas ganmcxadebelma moiTxova politikuri TavSesafari. mas
acnobes, rom TurqeTis kanoni TavSesafris mosaTxovad xuTdRian vadas
awesebda. saqmeSi Caeria gaerTianebuli erebis ltolvilTa umaRlesi
komisariati da ganmcxadebels mianiWa ltolvilis statusi iranSi mis
mimarT devnis ganxorcielebis safuZvliT. TurqeTis xelisuflebam masze
© interights 2007

binadrobis nebarTva gasca, komisiis mier mis ganacxadze saboloo
gadawyvetilebis
gamotanamde.
mopasuxe
mTavrobam
ganacxada,
rom
ganmcxadeblis mier xuTdRiani vadis gaSvebis gamo, mas ufleba hqonda
gaegzavna igi ukan iranSi. sasamarTlom ganmartebiT, Tu piri acxadebs, rom
mesame qveyanaSi deportaciis SemTxvevaSi mas emuqreba me-3 muxliT
akrZaluli mopyroba, misi gancxadebis guldasmiT Seswavla unda moxdes.
sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom mopasuxe mTavrobam gulmodgineT ar Seiswavla
TavSesafris
miRebis
Taobaze
gancxadeba
da
misi
safuZvlianoba.
ganmcxadeblis mxridan xuTdRiani vadis daucvelobis Sedegad, aRar
gadamowmda is faqtobrivi garemoebebi, romlebic miuTiTebdnen iranSi
dabrunebis Sedegebze. sasamarTlos gancxadebiT, politikuri TavSesafris
moTxovnis warsadgenad dawesebuli mokle vadis avtomaturi da meqanikuri
gamoyeneba pirdapir winaaRmdegobaSi modis me-3 muxlSi asaxul fundamentur
RirebulebasTan. gaeros ltolvilTa umaRlesi komisariatis daskvnebis
safuZvelze, sasamarTlom daadgina, rom ganmcxadebels iranSi dabrunebis
SemTxvevaSi emuqreboda me-3 muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis realuri safrTxe.
Sesabamisad, deportaciis gadawyvetileba ewinaaRmdegeboda me-3 muxls.
saqmeze “Cahali gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1996w.) sasamarTlom ar
gaiziara
mTavrobis
mosazreba,
rom
SeiZleba
gamoiyos
dabrunebis
SemTxvevaSi
arsebuli
realuri
saSiSroebis
Sefasebis
efeqturobis
sxvadasxva
xarisxi.
sasamarTlom
ganacxada,
rom
formulireba
samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualeba iyos “imdenad efeqturi, ramdenadac es
SesaZlebelia” gamousadegaria, rodesac piri amtkicebs, rom deportaciis
SemTxvevaSi mas araadamianuri mopyrobis realuri safrTxe emuqreba; aseT
pirobebSi, naklebi mniSvneloba eniWeba saxelmwifos uSiSroebis sakiTxebs.
sasamarTlom aseT saqeebTan mimarTebaSi damatebiT ganmarta: arasaTanado
mopyrobis realobad qcevis Sedegad gamowveuli zianis gamousworebeli
xasiaTisa da me-3 muxlis mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebiT, me-13 muxliT
dadgenili “dacvis efeqturi saSualebis” cneba moiTxovs, rom rodesac
piris gancxadebiT, is SeiZleba realurad me-3 muxlis darRvevis msxverpli
gaxdes, aucilebelia misi gancxadebis damoukideblad ganxilva. aseTi
gamoZieba unda Catardes miuxedavad gamZevebeli saxelmwifos erovnuli
uSiSroebas SesaZlo damuqrebuli safrTxisa da ganmcxadeblis mier
Cadenili danaSaulisa.
4.1.3.5. kerZo pirebis mxridan cudi mopyrobis Cadenis riski
saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba ekisreba ara mxolod maSin, rodesac pirs
saxelmwifos warmomadgenlebisgan emuqreba me-3 muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis
realuri safrTxe, aramed maSinac, rodesac aseTi mopyrobis realuri
saSiSroeba kerZo pirebidan gamomdinareobs; magaliTad, Tu naTelia, rom
mimRebi saxelmwifo piris saTanado dacvas ver uzrunvelyofs.
 saqmeze “h.l.r. safrangeTis winaaRmdeg” (1997w.) ganmcxadebeli, kolumbiis
moqalaqe, safrangeTSi narkotikebiT vaWrobis braldebiT gaasamarTles, ris
Semdegac
mas
acnobes
deportaciis
Sesaxeb.
gasamarTlebamde,
misi
informaciis safuZvelze, policiam sxva kolumbieli narkomovaWre daakava da
gaasamarTla.
ganmcxadebeli
acxadebda,
rom
kolumbiaSi
dabrunebis
© interights 2007
SemTxvevaSi masze Surs iZiebdnen narkomovaWreebi, rac me-3 muxliT
akrZalul mopyrobas uTanabrdeboda. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom me-3 muxlis
absoluturi xasiaTis gaTvaliswinebiT, gasaTvaliswinebelia is garemoebac,
rom me-3 muxli maSinac dairRveva, rodesac safrTxe momdinareobs iseTi
pirebisgan, romlebic ar imyofebian saxelmwifo samsaxurSi; am SemTxvevaSi
jer unda damtkicdes, rom saSiSroeba realurad arsebobs da mimRebi
saxelmwifo ver moaxdens safrTxis Tavidan acilebas saTanado dacvis
uzrunvelyofiTac.

saqmeze “n. fineTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom sastiki
mopyrobis saSiSroeba, romelic ganmcxadebels kongos demokratiul
respublikaSi
dabrunebis
SemTxvevaSi
emuqreboda,
ara
mxolod
xelisuflebidan,
aramed
disidentebis
naTesavebisganac
SeiZleba
momdinareobdes, romlebic Seecdebian Suri iZion ganmcxadebelze prezident
mobutus samsaxurSi warsul saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT. sasamarTlom
miuTiTa mis gadawyvetilebebze, romlebSic mas me-3 muxli gamoyenebis
SesaZlebloba ar gamouricxavs, Tu safrTxe momdinareobs im pirebisgan an
pirTa jgufebisgan, romlebic ar imyofebian saxelmwifo samsaxurSi.
sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom unda dadasturdes realuri saSiSroebis arseboba
da mimRebi saxelmwifos mier saTanado dacvis uzrunvelyofis gziT
safrTxis aRkveTis SeuZlebloba.
4.1.3.6.
gaZevebis Semdeg samedicino mkurnalobis ararseboba
gamgzavn saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba SeiZleba daekisros maSinac, rodesac
arsebobs realuri safrTxe, rom mimReb saxelmwifoSi araadekvaturi samedicino
mkurnalobis Sedegad dazaralebuli me-3 muxliT dadgenili standartis
sawinaaRmdego mopyrobas daeqvemdebareba. magram me-3 muxlis darRvevis dadgena
SeuZlebelia
yovelTvis,
roca
ganmcxadebeli
mimReb
saxelmwifoSi
araadekvaturi samedicino daxmarebis aRmoCenaze miuTiTebs. me-3 muxlis
darRveulad miCnevisTvis, mimReb saxelmwifoSi mkurnalobis xarisxi unda iyos
iseTi, romelic ganmcxadeblis sicocxles safrTxes Seuqmnis an misi
sicocxlis xangrZlivobas mniSvnelovnad Seamcirebs.
 saqmeze “d. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1997w.) ganmcxadebeli sent
kitsis kunZulidan Cavida did britaneTSi, sadac mas aRmoaCnda didi
raodenobiT kokaini. man Tavi damnaSaved cno narkotikebis ukanono
gadatanaSi, ris gamoc sasjelis saxiT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa miesaja.
sasjelis moxdis periodSi gairkva, rom igi inficirebuli iyo SidsiT.
sasjelis
moxdis
Semdgom,
didi
britaneTis
xelisuflebas
surda
ganmcxadeblis sent kitsSi gadagzavna. ganmcxadebelma ganacxada, rom sent
kitsSi ukan dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi, is darCenil cxovrebas tkivilsa da
tanjvaSi, izolaciaSi, sibinZuresa da siRatakeSi gaatarebda. igi acxadebda,
rom mkurnalobis dayovneba mas sikvdils uqadda, xolo msgavs mkurnalobas
is sent kitsSi ver miiRebda. sent kitsSi mas arc axlo naTesavebi an
megobrebi
hyavda,
romlebic
mosalodneli
sikvdilis
piras
myofs
mouvlidnen. ganmcxadebels ar gaaCnda sacxovrebeli da finansuri saxsrebi
da arc raime socialur daxmarebas iRebda. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom me-3
© interights 2007
muxli absoluturad krZalavs wamebas an araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobas an dasjas da am muxliT gansazRvruli dacvis garantiebi piris
mier dasjadi qmedebis Cadenis drosac gamoiyeneba.

saqmeze “bensaidi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg ” (2001w.) ganmcxadebeli,
SizofreniiT
daavadebuli
alJireli,
samedicino
mkurnalobas
did
britaneTSi gadioda, rodesac mas mosalodneli deportaciis Sesaxeb
acnobes. man ganacxada, rom alJirSi dabrunebis Semdeg, igi adekvatur
mkurnalobas veRar miiRebda da kvlav daavaddeboda, riTac mis mimarT me-3
muxli dairRveoda. sasamarTlo dawvrilebiT Seiswavlis me-3 muxlis
dafuZnebul
ganmcxadeblis
saCivars,
Tundac
am
darRvevaze
muxliT
akrZaluli
qmedebis
Cadenis
riski
mimReb
saxelmwifoSi
momdinareobs im faqtorebidan, romlebic am saxelmwifo organoebis
pirdapir an arapirdapir pasuxismgeblobas ar iwvevs an TavisTavad ar
arRveven
am
muxliT
dadgenil
standartebs.
sasamarTlom
imsjela
dairRveoda Tu ara me-3 muxliT dadgenili standartebi ganmcxadeblis
mimReb saxelmwifoSi dabrunebis Sedegad misi mimdinare janmrTelobis
mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT. sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom me-3 muxli ar
darRveula, vinaidan ganmcxadebels saTanado medikamentebsa da samedicino
daxmarebaze xeli miuwvdeboda. sasamarTlom aRniSna, alJirSi did
britaneTis pirobebTan Seusabamo samedicino momsaxurebis arseboba me-3
muxlis miznebisTvis nakleb mniSvnelovani iyo. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos
daskvniT, ganmcxadeblis alJirSi dabrunebiT me-3 muxlis standartebi ar
dairRveoda.

saqmeze “arcila henao niderlandebis winaaRmdeg” (2003w.) patimrobis moxdis
periodSi
ganmcxadebels
daudginda
mwvave
imunodeficitis
virusi.
ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, adgilsamyofel qveyanaSi gadaudebeli samedicino
momsaxurebis misaRebad cxovrebis nebarTva esaWiroeboda. saxelmwifo
mdivanma ganmcxadeblis moTxovna ar daakmayofila miuxedavad samedicino
sakonsultacio biuros mier gacemuli mravalricxovani daskvnebisa, rom
mkurnalobis Sewyveta gamoiwvevda misi janmrTelobis gauaresebas da
kolumbia ver uzrunvelyofda dauyovneblivi mkurnalobis Catarebas. uaris
Tqmis mizezi is iyo, rom ganmcxadebeli mkurnalobas kolumbiaSic gaivlida,
misi imJamindeli saSiSi janmrTelobis mdgomareoba sajaro wesrigze ufro
maRla ar idga. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom marTalia kolumbiis pirobebi
samedicino TvalsazrisiT aradamakmayofilebeli iyo, magram ganmcxadeblis
janmrTelobis mdgomareoba ar uaresdeboda da arc avadmyofobis bolo
stadiaze imyofeboda, Tanac mkunalobas kolumbiaSic gaivlida. saqmis
faqtobrivi garemoebebi miuTiTebdnen, rom ganmcxadeblis deportaciiT me-3
muxli ar dairRveoda

saqmeebi “ndangoia SvedeTis winaaRmdeg” (2004w.) da “amegnigani niderlandebis
winaaRmdeg” (2004w.) aseve Seexeboda SidsiT daavadebul ganmcxadeblebs.
sasamarTlom mxedvelobaSi miiRo is faqti, rom ganmcxadebelTa avadmyofoba
ar progresirdeboda da isini TavianTi warmoSobis qveynebSi – tanzaniasa da
togoSi – Sesabamis samedicino mkurnalobasa da ojaxis mzrunvelobas
© interights 2007
miiRebdnen. sasamarTlom aseve SeniSna, rom marTalia warmoSobis qveynebSi
arsebuli samedicino momsaxurebis pirobebi SvedeTisa da niderlandebis
stardartebs ar utoldeboda, magram aRniSnuli me-2 da me-3 muxlebze
msjelobisas naklebad iyo mxedvelobaSi misaRebi. sasamarTlom orive
ganacxadi dauSveblad cno.

saqmeze “dragani da sxvebi germaniis winaaRmdeg ” (2004w.) sasamarTlom
dauSveblad miiCnia arasrulyofili fsiqiatriuli daxmarebis Taobaze
ganacxadebi. Gpirveli ganmcxadebeli - dragani, warmoSobiT rumineli,
daavadebuli iyo fizikuri da fsiqikuri avadmyofobiT, maT Soris “c”
hepatitiTa da mwvave depresiiT. sasamarTlom ganacxada, miuxedavad imisa,
rom pirveli ganmcxadeblis samedicino momsaxurebis pirobebi rumineTSi
Camouvardeboda germaniisas, am safuZvliT me-3 muxli darRveulad ver
CaiTvleboda. ganmcxadeblis janmrTeloba marTlac seriozulad iyo
Seryeuli. amasTan, me-3 muxlis maRali standartebiT, vinaidan zianis
miyenebaSi xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos uSualo pasuxismgebloba ar vlindeba,
sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom ganmcxadeblebis rumineTSi – konvenciis
xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoSi
deportacia me-3 muxlTan SeusabamobaSi
iqneboda; miTumetes, rom
saqme ar gamoirCeoda gansakuTrebulobiT da
ucxoelTa
mesame
qveynebSi
deportaciisa
da
gaZevebis
saqmeebze
Camoyalibebuli sasamarTlos precedentuli praqtikac igives asaxavda.
4.1.3.7.
dabrunebis Semdeg mZime pirobebis arasakmarisi niSnebi
 saqmeze “tomiCi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (2003w.) ganmcxadebeli,
eTnikuri serbi xorvatiidan, omis dasawyisSi, 1991 wels, xorvatiis mier
damoukideblobis
gamocxadebis
Semdeg,
serbebis
mier
Seqmnili
gasamxedroebuli organizacia “morielebis” wevri iyo. igi acxadebda, rom
omamde xorvatiis policiam igi cema misi eTnikuri warmoSobis gamo,
xolo misi coli imave mizeziT 1992 wels mokles. 1997 wels dapatimrebis
SiSiT igi gadavida serbeTSi da iq 2001 wlamde imyofeboda. 2002 wels
ganmcxadebeli ukanonod Sevida did britaneTSi da moiTxova politikuri
TavSesafari, razec uari eTqva. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom marTalia
zogierTi angariSi miuTiTebda xorvatiaSi eTnikuri serbebis winaaRmdeg
Zaladobis calkeul gamovlinebebze, magram araferi iyo naTqvami yofili
mebrZolebis mimarT raime gansakuTrebul arasaTanado mopyrobaze. omSi
monawileebisTvis gamosces sayovelTao amnistia, xolo ganmcxadebelma
ver daasabuTa, ramdenad arsebobda imis albaToba, rom xorvatiaSi misi
dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi, is rogorc yofili mebrZoli, sastiki mopyrobis
msxverpli gaxdeboda.
ganmcxadebelma ver daasaxela diskriminaciis
romeli konkretuli niSniT moepyrobodnen mas arasaTanadod. xolo, omiT
dazaralebul regionSi arsebuli saerTo siduxWire TavisTavad ar
gulisxmobda me-3 muxlis darRvevas. garda amisa, ganmcxadebels aZevebdnen
konvenciis
monawile
wevr-saxelmwifoSi,
romelmac
konvenciiT
gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebis dacvis valdebuleba ikisra.
© interights 2007
4.1.3.8. deportaciis SeCerebis gamoyeneba (wesi 39)
sasamarTlos reglamentis 39-e muxlis safuZvelze, ganmcxadeblebs SeuZliaT
sasamarTlos moTxovon deportaciis SeCereba, Tu warmoSobis qveyanaSi
dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi, maRali albaTobiT maT sastikad moeqcevian an
sikvdiliT dasjian. Ddeportaciis SeCerebis gancxadebaSi, ganmcxadebels
SeuZlia
miuTiTos
ara
mxolod
politikuri
TavSesafris
moTxovnis
winapirobebze, aramed imJamindel saSiSroebazec, romelic mas gancxadebis
ganzilvis dasrulebamde deportaciis SemTxvevaSi emuqreba. sasamarTlos
Sesabamisi seqciebis prezidentebi aseT gancxadebaTa did umravlesobas ar
akmayofileben. Mmxolod imis mtkiceba, rom mimReb qveyanaSi zogadi mdgomareoba
saxifaToa, sakmarisi ar aris; ganmcxadebelma unda daamtkicos, rom realuri
safrTxe mas piradad emuqreba. aRniSnulis dasabuTeba imiTac SeiZleba, rom is
erTxel ukve gaxda arasaTanado mopyrobis msxverpli an/da mas aqtiurad eZeben
xelisuflebis organoebi, romlebic msgavsi statusis pirebs awameben. 39-e
muxlis asamoqmedeblad, ganmcxadebelma, upirvelesad, unda daamtkicos, rom
Sesabamis qveyanaSi dabrunebiT mas gamousworebeli ziani miadgeba.
garda amisa, droebiTi RonisZiebis naklebad gamoiyeneba, Tu deportacia sxva
xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoSi xdeba. 39-e muxlis safuZvelze gacemuli miTiTeba
savaldebuloa mxolod Sesabamisi saxelmwifosTvis, romlis Seusruleblobas
konvenciis 34-e muxliT dadgenili individualuri ganacxadis wardgenis
uflebis darRvevas.

4.2.
saqmeze
“mamatkulovi
da
askarovi
TurqeTis
winaaRmdeg”
(2005w.)
ganmcxadeblebi
eqstradiciis
wesiT
gadasces
uzbekeTs
miuxedavad
sasamarTlos miTiTebisa, rom isini ar unda gadaecaT sasamarTlos mier
saqmis garemoebaTa Sefasebamde. TurqeTis xelisuflebam ganmcxadeblebi
mainc gadasca uzbekeTs, ris Semdegac maT Sesaxeb raime informacia aRar
moipoveboda. marTalia, sasamarTlom me-3 muxlis darRveva ar daadgina,
radgan gaurkveveli rCeboda Tu ra bedi ewia ganmcxadeblebs maTi
eqstradiciis Semdgom; Tumca, sasamarTlos ganmartebiT, misi miTiTebis
Seusrulebloba saCivris uflebis efeqturi ganxorcielebisTvis xelSeSlas
uTanabrdeboda da amdenad warmoadgenda konvenciis 34-e muxlis darRvevas.
pozitiuri valdebulebebi
me-3 muxli saxelmwifos ramdenime pozitiur valdebulebas akisrebs, romlebic
konvenciis pirveli muxlidan gamomdinareoben. pozitiuri valdebulebebia:
saxelmwifoebis mxridan maTi iurisdiqciaSi myofi yvela piris konvenciiT
garantirebuli uflebebis dacva, maT Soris, piris ufleba ar daeqvemdebaros
wamebas an sxvagvar arasaTanado mopyrobas. amgvari pozitiuri valdebuleba
saxelmwifos valdebuls xdis, wamebis Camdeni pirebis winaaRmdeg miiRos
zomebi, gawvrTnas policielebi da samxedroebi uflebamosilebebis kanonierad
gamoyenebis
mizniT.
saxelmwifos
me-3
muxlis
ZaliT
gaaCnia
zogadi
valdebuleba, uzrunvelyos mis iurisdiqciaSi myofi yvela piris dacva me-3
© interights 2007
muxliT
gaTvaliswinebuli
arasaTanado
mopyrobisgan.
rac
gulisxmobs
saxemwifos aqtiur moqmedebas mimarTuls msgavs qmedebaTa aRsakveTisken.
4.2.1.
efeqturi samarTlebrivi sistemis uzrunvelyofis valdebuleba me-3
muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis prevenciisa da misgan dacvis mizniT
saxelmwifos SeiZleba daekisros pasuxismgebloba, Tu is ver uzrunvelyofs
efeqtur samarTlebriv da praqtikul meqanizmebs mis iurisdiqciaSi myofi yvela
piris
dasacavad
wamebis
da/an
araadamianuri
an
Rirsebis
Semlaxavi
mopyrobisgan.
 saqmeze “m.s. bulgareTis winaaRmdeg” (2003w.) ganmcxadebeli, 14 wlis gogona,
acxadebda, rom igi gaaupatiura orma mamakacma. policiam Caatara gamoZieba,
magram prokurorma Sewyvita sisxlis samarTlis saqme im safuZvliT, rom ar
arsebobda gaupatiurebis damadasturebeli sakmarisi mtkicebuleba, kerZod,
Zaladobis elementi. Tavis gadawyvetilebaSi sasamarTlom gamoavlina
gamoZiebis garkveuli xarvezebi, magram amasTanave miiCnia, rom uyuradRebod
darCa Zaladobis gamoyenebis pirdapiri mtkicebulebis ararsebobis faqti.
saxelmwifos
mosazrebiT,
aRniSnuli
danaSaulis
cneba,
Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi
kanonmdeblobis
mixedviT,
aucileblobaT
gulisxmobda dazaralebulis mier fizikuri winaaRmdegobis gawevas.
sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom es cneba ar uzrunvelyofda aranebelobiTi
seqsualuri aqtebisgan dacvas. SedarebiTi kvlevis Tanaxmad, warsulSi
gaupatiurebas ufro farTod gansazRvravdnen; sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom
saxelmwifos
pozitiur
valdebulebad
“nebismieri
aranebelobiTi
seqsualuri
aqtis,
dazaralebulis
mier
fizikuri
winaaRmdegobis
gauwevlobis miuxedavad, dasjad qmedebad gamocxadeba da Semdgomi efeqturi
sisxlis samarTlebrivi devna unda CaiTvalos”. sxva sityvebiT, saxelmwifos
pozitiuri valdebulebis konteqstSi “adamianebs Soris urTierTobebis
sferoSi piradi cxovrebis dacvisken mimarTuli RonisZiebebis gatareba”
mxolod sakmarisi ar aris saxelmwifosTvis danaSaulis dasadgenad da
efeqturi sisxlis samarTlis devnis warmoebisTvis. sasamarTlo agreTve
amowmebs, kanonis ganmarteba da danaSaulis niSnebi aris Tu ara konvenciis
ufro farTo moTxovnebis Sesabamisi.
Sesabamisad, sasamarTlom xazi gausva, rom bavSvebi da sxva daucveli pirebi
saWiroeben gansakuTrebul mzrunvelobasa da dacvas, Tundac arasaTanado
mopyroba kerZo pirebisgan momdinareobdes.
 saqmeze “a. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (1998w.) arasrulwlovani
ganmcxadebeli acxadebda, rom saxelmwifo pasuxs agebda maminacvlis mier
mis mimarT ganxorcielebul Zaladobriv aqtebze. pediatrma, romelmac
bavSvi gasinja 9 wlis asakSi, daaskvna, rom igi wkneliT iyo araerTxel
nacemi.
maminacvals
brali
wauyenes
bavSvisTvis
iseTi
fizikuri
Seuracxyofis miyenebisTvis, ramac sxeulis dazianeba gamoiwvia. magram
Sidasaxelmwifoebrivma sasamarTlo daeyrdno maminacvlis pozicias, rom
qmedeba bavSvis gonivrul farglebSi dasjas warmoadgenda. Sedegad
maminacvali gamarTlda. evropis sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom me-3 muxli,
pirvel muxlTan erTobliobaSi, saxelmwifos avalebs daicvas mis
© interights 2007
iurisdiqciaSi myofi pirebi wamebis an araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi
mopyrobisgan an dasjisgan, kerZo pirebis mier am sastik qmedebaTa Cadenis
SemTxvevaSic. sasamarTlom aRniSna (paragrafi 22), rom “bavSvebisa da sxva
daucveli
pirebis
uflebaa
daculi
iyvnen,
efeqturi
Semakavebeli
RonisZiebebis saSualebiT, saxelmwifos mier piradi xelSeuxeblobis
uflebis uxeSi darRvevisgan ”.

saqmeze “z. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg” (2001w.) oTxi ganmcxadebeli
dedmamiSvilebi
iyvnen,
romlebsac
biologiuri
mSoblebi
sastikad
uaryofdnen da arasaTanadod epyrobodnen. garkveuli xnis ganmavlobaSi
isini imyofebodnen socialuri samsaxuris zedamxedvelobis qveS; dedis
moTxovniT, sabolood, maTze mzrunvelobas socialuri samsaxuri Seudga
oTx weliwad naxevris Semdeg socialuri samsaxuris mier maTi mdgomareobis
Sesaxeb informaciis Setyobis dRidan. sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom mopasuxe
saxelmwifom efeqturad unda daicvas bavSvebi da sxva daucveli pirebi
arasaTanado mopyrobis aRsakveTad gonivruli zomebis miRebis gziT,
rodesac saxelmwifo organoebisTvis cnobilia an cnobili unda yofiliyo
am kategoriis pirTa mimarT danaSaulebrivi qmedebebis Cadenis Sesaxeb.
amdenad, zemoxsenebul saqmeebze (a. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1998w.) da
z. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (2001w.), saxelmwifos daevala, bavSvebis
dasacavad Seeqmna saWiro samarTlebrivi sistema da Camoeyalibebina Sesabamisi
praqtika saqmeze. a. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg dadginda, rom gonivruli
dasjis argumenti ewinaaRmdegeboda bavSvisTvis kanoniT miniWebul dacvis
uflebis arss, xolo saqmeze z. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg gamovlinda,
rom saxelmwifos saxeliT moqmedma socialurma
samsaxurma gamoiCina
gulgriloba uzrunveleyo bavSvebis dacva.
4.2.2.

patimarTa fizikuri xelSeuxeblobis dacvis valdebuleba
saqmeze “pantea rumineTis winaaRmdeg” (2003w.) ganmcxadebeli dakavebuli iyo
erT sakanSi recidivist damnaSaveebTan erTad, romlebmac mas araerTxel
miayenes Seuracxyofa. aRniSnuli sakani saerTod am cixeSi cnobili iyo,
rogorc “saSiSi patimrebis sakani”. ramdenime mowmis Cvenebis mixedviT, cixis
zedamxedveli ugulebelyofda ganmcxadeblis Txovnas daxmarebaze da
ganmcxadebeli imave sakanSi rCeboda. samedicino cnobebiT dasturdeboda
ganmcxadeblisTvis miyenebuli dartymebis raodenoba da sastiki xasiaTi. am
garemoebebis safuZvelze, sasamarTlom daafiqsira me-3 muxlis darRveva,
radgan xelisuflebis organoebma ar Seasrules maTze dakisrebuli
pozitiuri valdebuleba, daecvaT ganmcxadeblis fizikuri xelSeuxebloba.
4.2.3. proceduruli valdebulebebi
4.2.3.1. efeqturi oficialuri gamoZiebis Catarebis valdebuleba
sicocxlis uflebis msgavsad, me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli wamebisa da
arasaTanado mopyrobis sxva formebis akrZalva, saxelmwifoebs avaldebulebs,
© interights 2007
Caataron efeqturi gamoZieba, rodesac piri acxadebs, rom saxelmwifos
samsaxurSi myofi pirebi mas arasaTanadod moepyrnen. sasamarTlom rig
saqmeebze, maT Soris saqmeze “asenovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg” (romelic
qvemoTaa ganxiluli), ganacxada, rom rodesac piri ayenebs dasabuTebul
pretenzias9, rom policiis an saxelmwifo samsaxurebis sxva warmomadgenlebi
mas sastikad da ukanonod moepyrnen, aRniSnuli me-3 muxls arRvevs; me-3 muxli
konvenciis 1-l muxlTan erTobliobaSi, saxelmwifos avaldebulebs “daicvas
mis iurisdiqciaSi myofi yvela piris ... konvenciiT gansazRvruli uflebebi da
Tavisuflebebi”, aqedan gamomdinare, saxelmwifo pasuxismgebelia efeqturi
oficialuri gamoZiebis Catarebazec.
nebismierma gamoZiebam, magaliTad, rogorsac me-2 muxli moiTxovs, Sedegad unda
gamoiRos pasuxismgebel pirTa gamovlena da dasja. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,
wamebis da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis zogad
samarTlebriv akrZalvas, misi fundamenturi mniSvnelobis miuxedavad, efeqturi
praqtikuli Sedegi ar eqneba; rig SemTxvevebSi saxelmwifo moxeleebs ufleba
eqnebaT, Selaxon maTi iurisidiqciis qveS myofi pirebis uflebebi sruliad
dausjelad. sasamarTlom aRniSnuli midgoma sxva saqmeebSic gamoiyena. am mxriv
mniSvnelovania is saqmeebi, romlebSic sasamarTlo uSualod saxelmwifos
mxridan me-3 muxliT akrZaluli qmedebis Cadenas ver adgens. aseT SemTxvevaSi,
saxelmwifos SeiZleba daekisros pasuxismgebloba, Tu saqmeze saTanado
gamoZieba ar Catardeba. ix. magaliTad, gadawyvetilebebi saqmeebze labita
italiis winaaRmdeg, veznedarogli TurqeTis winaaRmdeg da indelikato
italiis winaaRmdeg, romlebic qvemoTaa ganxiluli.

saqmeze “aidini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1997w.) dazaralebuli acxadebda, rom
igi gaaupatiures da dauqvemdebares wamebis sxva formebs. sasamarTlos
ganmartebiT, marTalia dazaralebuls ar aReniSneboda wamebis vizualuri
niSnebi, magram prokurori valdebuli iyo, ganmcxadeblis saCivrisa da
ojaxis
wevrebis
mier
gancdili
araadamianuri
mopyrobis
Sesaxeb
gancxadebebis safuZvlianoba saTanadod Seefasebina. prokurors drouli
reagireba unda moexdina yovelmxrivi da efeqturi gamoZiebis Catarebis
gziT,
romlis
meSveobiTac
dadgindeboda
ganmcxadeblis
saCivarSi
aRniSnuli faqtebis namdviloba da pasuxismgebeli pirebi dadgindebodnen
da daisjebodnen.

saqmeze “asenovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg ” (1998w.) dazaralebuli iyo 14 wlis
biWi. is da misi mSoblebi acxadebdnen, rom igi policiam daakava, cema da
orsaaTiani dakavebis Semdeg gaaTavisufla. dakavebis momdevno samuSao dRes,
dazaralebuli
gasinja eqimma. eqimma mis sxeulze SeniSna SeSupebebi da
nakawrebi da daaskvna, rom es dazianebebi SesaZlebelia miyenebuli
yofiliyo
imgvarad,
rogorc
dazaralebulma
aRwera.
sasamarTlom
9
dasabuTebulia pretenzia, Tu is efuZneba raime mtkicebulebas. gancxadeba imis Taobaze, rom
piri awames, gauTanabrdeba dasabuTebul pretenzias, Tu, magaliTad, dazaralebulma
warmoadgina samedicino cnoba, rom man fizikuri dazianebebi miiRo Sesabamis periodSi an,
magaliTad, Tu mosamarTles, romelsac saCivari waredgina, uSualod SeuZlia naxos da
darwmundes dazaralebulis sxeulze dazianebebis arsebobaSi.
© interights 2007
mxedvelobaSi miiRo samedicino cnobebi, dazaralebulis Cveneba misi ori
saaTis ganmavlobaSi policiis ganyofilebaSi dakavebis Taobaze. agreTve,
arcerTi mowmis CvenebiT ar dasturdeboda ganmcxadeblis mamamisis mxridan
cemis faqti (rasac saxelmwifo amtkicebda) iseTi sisastikiT, rom miayena
sxeulis
zemoaRniSnuli
dazianebebi.
sasamarTlom
gonivruli
eWvi
“dasabuTebul varaudad” miiCnia da ganacxada, rom rodesac piri ayenebs
dasabuTebul
pretenzias,
rom
policiis
an
saxelmwifos
sxva
warmomadgenlebi mas sastikad da ukanonod moepyrnen, aRniSnuli me-3 muxlis
darRvevad SeiZleba CaiTvalos; me-3 muxli 1-l muxlTan erTobliobaSi
saxelmwifos avaldebulebs “daicvas mis iurisdiqciaSi myofi yvela piris
konvenciiT gansazRvruli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi”, rac saxelmwifos
mxridan
efeqturi
oficialuri
gamoZiebis
Catarebis
valdebulebas
gulisxmobs.

saqmeze “veznedarogli TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2000w.) ganmcxadebeli daakaves
akrZaluli organizacia qurTTa muSaTa partiis (PKK-s) wevrobaSi eWvis
safuZvelze. igi acxadebda, rom 11-dRiani dakavebis ganmavlobaSi mas
awamebdnen genitaliebSi da pirSi eleqtrodenis SeerTebiT da emuqrebodnen
gaupatiurebiTa da mokvliT. sasamarTlos winaSe wardgenis momentidan
gasamarTlebamde, igi mudmivad aRZravda saCivrebs, romlebzec aranairi
reagireba ar gakeTebula. igi gasinjes eqimebma, romlebmac mis winmklavze
da fexze daafiqsires SeSupebebi. evropis sasamarTlom wardgenili
mtkicebulebebis mixedviT, ganmcxadeblis wamebis faqti ver daadgina.
sasamarTlos
gauWirda
ganmcxadeblis
saCivrebSi
asaxuli
faqtebis
namdvilobis dadgena, vinaidan maTi gamokvleva xelisuflebis organoebis
mier ar momxdara. wamebis Sesaxeb gancxadebisa da samedicino daskvnis
safuZvelze,
prokurors ganmcxadeblis saCivari arsebiTad unda
gamoekvlia, miTumetes rom igi 11 dRis ganmavlobaSi dakavebuli iyo.
Sesabamisad, ganmcxadebels gaaCnda dasabuTebuli pretenzia, rom igi awames,
rac, 1-li da me-3 muxlebidan gamomdinare, xelisuflebis organoebs
avaldebulebda saqmis gamoZiebas.

saqmeze “poltoracki ukrainis winaaRmdeg” (2003w.) ganmcxadebeli Cioda, rom
cixeSi igi ramdenjerme cemes. sasamarTlom daadgina, rom am gancxadebis
namdviloba ar dasturdeboda gonivruli eWvis gareSe da Sesabamisad,
adgili ar hqonda me-3 muxlis darRvevas. Magram, sasamarTlom ganacxada,
rom arasaTanado mopyrobis Sesaxeb gancxadebebze Catarda formaluri da
zedapiruli oficialuri gamoZieba, romelic miznad WeSmaritebis dadgenas
ar isaxavda. Sesabamisad, adgili hqonda me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli
procesualuri garantiis darRvevas, kerZod, ganmcxadeblis dasabuTebul
pretenziaze gamoZieba ar Catarebula.
sasamarTlom SeiZleba ver daadginos me-3 muxlis materialuri darRveva, Tu
moyvanili faqtebis namdviloba ar dasturdeba xangrZlivi drois gasvlis gamo;
Tumca,
sasamarTlo
uflebamosilia
daafiqsiros
saxelmwifos
mxridan
procesualuri darRvevebis Cadena, Tu es ukanaskneli me-3 muxlis darRvevis
© interights 2007
Sesaxeb dasabuTebul saCivarze gamoZiebas ar atarebs. ix. magaliTad,
gadawyvetileba saqmeze “martines sala da sxvebi espaneTis winaaRmdeg” (2004w.).
4.2.3.2. efeqturi, damoukidebeli, drouli da gamWvirvale gamoZieba
sasamarTlos aRniSnuli aqvs, rom gamoZieba efeqturi unda iyos im gagebiT, rom
mis Sedegad
gamovlindes
da
daisajos
pasuxismgebeli pirebi.
aseTi
valdebuleba
gamoZiebis
swori
meTodebiT
Catarebas.
sasamarTlos
precedentuli praqtika gansazRvravs mTel rig kriteriumebs, romlebsac
gamoZieba unda akmayofilebdes, rom CaiTvalos efeqturad. es kriteriumebi me-2
muxliT gansazRvruli procesualuri moTxovnebis msgavsia:
o drouli gamoZieba, romelic iZleva mtkicebulebaTa aRmoCenisa
Senaxvis, agreTve damnaSaveTa realurad gamovlenis SesaZleblobas;
da
o yvela Sesabamisi mtkicebulebis Segroveba, rogoricaa samarTaldamcavi
organoebis
TanamSromlebis
dakiTxva,
TviTmxilveli
mowmeebisTvis
Cvenebis CamorTmeva, sasamarTlo eqspertizis daskvnebis miReba da,
saWiroebis mixedviT, samedicino eqspertizis an/da gvamis sasamarTlosamedicino eqspertizis Catareba, rac iZleva janmrTelobis dazianebis
Sesaxeb sruli da zusti monacemebis miRebisa da samedicino daskvnebis
obieqturi Sefasebis SesaZleblobas;
o damnaSaveTa drouli gasamarTleba, raTa sisxlis samarTlebrivi devna ar
SeCerdes xandazmulobis vadis amowurvis gamo;
o dazaralebulisa da misi naTesavebisTvis gamoZiebaze xelmisawvdomoba.

saqmeze “xaSievi da akaeva ruseTis winaaRmdeg” (2005w.) orive
ganmcxadebeli qalaq groznoSi cxovrobda, 1999 wlis miwuruls,
samxedro operaciebis dawyebamde. saomari moqmedebebis dawyebis
Semdeg, ganmcxadeblebma datoves TavianTi saxlebi da gadavidnen
inguSeTSi.
orive
ganmcxadebelma
TavianTi
saxlebi
qalaqSi
darCenil naTesavebs miabara (pirvelma ganmcxadebelma – Zmas da das,
agreTve or srulwlovan disSvils, meore ganmcxadebelma – Zmas).
2000 wlis ianvris bolos, ganmcxadeblebma Seityves maTi naTesavebis
daRupvis Sesaxeb. groznoSi dabrunebulebma saxlis ezosa da iqve
mdebare garaJSi naTesavebis gvamebi ipoves. gvamebs aReniSneboda
mravlobiTi natyviarebi da daniT miyenebuli Wrilobebi, iseve
rogorc SeSupebebi; zog maTgans ki - gatexili Zvlebi da
dasaxiCrebebi. ganmcxadeblebma cxedrebi inguSeTSi gadaitanes
dasakrZalad.
groznoSi
meored
gamgzavrebisas,
meore
ganmcxadebelma moinaxula mkvlelobebis adgili da ipova avtomatis
daclili mWidebi da misi Zmis qudi. mezobel saxlSi man naxa xuTi
gvami, romlebsac cecxlsasroli iaraRiT miyenebuli Wrilobebi
aReniSneboda. meore ganmcxadebelma inguSeTSi moZebna cocxlad
gadarCenili meeqvse dazaralebuli, romelmac Seatyobina, rom
© interights 2007
danarCenebi ruseTis armiam daxoca. 2000 wlis maisSi sisxlis
samarTlis gamoZieba daiwyo, romelic ramdenjerme SeCerda da isev
ganaxlda. damnaSaveebis gamovlena ver moxerxda. 2003 wels
inguSeTis samoqalaqo saqmeTa sasamarTlom Tavdacvis saministros
daudgeneli samxedro mosamsaxureebis mier misi naTesavebis mokvlis
gamo batoni xaSievisTvis zianis anazRaurebis gadaxda daavala.
sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom marTalia gamoZieba Catarda, magram
saTanado eqspertizis daskvnebisa da SesaZlo sxva mowmeebis
Cvenebebis ararsebobis gamo, arasaTanado mopyrobis konkretuli
mtkicebulebebi
ver
gamovlinda,
Sesabamisad,
ver
moxerxda
pasuxismgebeli pirebis dadgena da dasja. sasamarTlom daadgina,
rom Catarebuli gamoZieba ar iyo yovelmxrivi da efeqturi, ris
gamoc igi ver akmayofilebda me-3 muxlis moTxovnebs.
msgavsi magaliTis saxiT ixileT, agreTve, gadawyvetileba saqmeze ognianova da
Cobani bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (2006w.), paragrafebi 102-107 da 124.
4.3
me-3 muxlis procedurul moTxovnebsa da me-13 muxls (ufleba efeqtur
samarTlebriv dacvaze) Soris kavSiri
4.3.1
me-13 muxlis moqmedebis sfero
me-13 muxlis Tanaxmad: “yvelas, visac daerRva am konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli
uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, unda hqondes samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqturi
saSualeba erovnuli xelisuflebis winaSe...”. sasamarTlom araerTxel aRniSna,
rom
me-13
muxliT
garantirebulia
konvenciiseuli
uflebebisa
da
Tavisuflebebis ganxorcielebisTvis erovnul doneze efeqturi samarTlebrivi
saSualebebis arseboba, miuxedavad am meqanizmebis Sidasaxelmwifoebriv
samarTlis sistemaSi asaxvis formisa. me-13 muxlis Tanaxmad, pirs unda gaaCndes
dacvis
saSualeba,
romlis
meSveobiTac miaRwevs
konvenciis safuZvelze “dasabuTebuli pretenziis” arsebiT ganxilvasa da
Sesabamisi anazRaurebis miRebas; Tumca, xelSemkvreli saxelmwifoebi garkveuli
diskreciuli uflebamosilebiT sargebloben, konvenciiT maTze dakisrebul
valdebulebaTa
Sesrulebis
meTodebis
SerCevisas.
ganmcxadeblis
mier
konvenciis safuZvelze dayenebuli moTxovnis xasiaTis Sesabamisad me-13 muxliT
gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebis sferoc icvleba. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, me-13
muxliT dadgenili dacvis saSualeba unda iyo efeqturi rogorc praqtikaSi,
ise kanonmdeblobaSi; kerZod, mis gamoyenebas xels ar unda uSlides mopasuxe
saxelmwifos moqmedebebi an umoqmedobani. ixileT, magaliTad, ilxani TurqeTis
winaaRmdeg (2000w.).
me-3 muxlidan gamomdinare piris mier dasabuTebuli pretenziis wardgenisas,
rom saxelmwifom igi awama an dauqvemdebara arasaTanado mopyrobis mZime
formebs, me-13 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli “efeqturi dacva” gulisxmobs,
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, kompensaciis gadaxdasTan erTad, yovelmxrivi da
efeqturi gamoZiebis Catarebasac, romelic Sedegad moitans pasuxismgebeli
pirebis gamovlenasa da dasjas, agreTve, ganmcxadeblisTvis sagamoZiebo
© interights 2007
moqmedebebze efeqtur xelmisawvdomobas. am SemTxvevaSi ki, xdeba TviTon me-3
muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli e.w. “procesualuri” valdebulebebis Canacvleba,
romelic Tavis mxrivac imas moiTxovs, rom arasaTanado mopyrobis saCivrebze
efeqturi gamoZieba Catardes.
4.3.2
me-3 muxlis proceduruli moTxovnebi
da me-13 muxli
procesualuri valdebulebebi xSirad gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva konteqstSi,
rodesac aucilebelia imis garantireba, rom konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli
uflebebi iyos praqtikuli da efeqturi. sasamarTlom gansakuTrebuli
mniSvneloba me-2 muxlidan gamomdinare procesualur valdebulebebs mianiWa,
romlis mixedviTac sicocxlis ufleba“ kanoniT daculi” unda iyos. amisgan
gansxvavebiT,
me-3
muxlis
dispozicia
ufro
materialur-samarTlebrivi
xasiaTisaa:
misi
Sinaarsi
ar
Seicavs
raime
miniSnebas
procesualur
moTxovnebze. garda amisa, sasamarTlos aRuniSnavs, rom wamebis an sxva
arasaTanado
mopyrobidan
gamomdinare
praqtikuli
moTxovnebi
xSirad
gansxvavebulia sicocxlis mospobis SemTxvevebisagan: gacilebiT rTuldeba
faqtebis dadgena dazaralebulis gardacvalebis SemTxvevaSi, radgan am
faqtebis Sesaxeb informacias mxolod saxelmwifo moxeleebi
SeiZleba
flobdnen. saqmeze ilxani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2000w.) sasamarTlom aRniSna,
rom mas me-3 muxliT ki ara, aramed me-13 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli
procesualuri valdebulebebi miaCnia efeqturi samarTlebrivi dacvaze
uflebis garantad, rodesac adgili aqvs me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli
materialur-samarTlebrivi valdebulebis darRvevas. sasamarTlos TqmiT, me-13
muxli,
zogadad,
iTvaliswinebs,
rogorc
ganmcxadeblisTvis
zianis
anazRaurebis SesaZleblobas, aseve dacvis meqanizmebs saxelmwifo moxeleebis
mxridan zianis miyenebisgan dasacavad.
zog SemTxvevaSi, rodesac sasamarTlo zustad ver adgens faqtebs (mag.,
xelisuflebis organoebma miayenes Tu ara ganmcxadebels dazianebebi)
imis
gamo, rom xelisuflebam me-3 muxlis safuZvelze wardgenil saCivrebze
gamoZieba ar Caatara, sasamarTlom SeiZleba me-3 muxlis procesualuri
darRveva daadginos, rogorc me-13 muxlis alternativa. ilxanis saqmeze,
vinaidan dadginda ganmcxadeblis uSiSroebis samsaxuris warmomadgenelTa mier
wamebis faqti, me-13 muxlis safuZvelze ganixiles araefeqtur gamoZiebasTan
dakavSirebiT aRZruli saCivrebi. magram saqmeebze “asenovi bulgareTis
winaaRmdeg” da “labita italiis winaaRmdeg” faqtebis dadgenis SeuZleblobis
gamo, sasamarTlom ganixila me-3 muxlis procesualuri darRvevis sakiTxi
araadekvaturi gamoZiebis safuZvliT. meore mxriv, me-2 muxlTan dakavSirebul
saqmeebze, sasamarTlom miiCnia, erTi da imave saqmeze “procesualuri” saCivrebi
me-2 da me-13 muxlebis safuZvelze ganexila da ganacxada, rom me-13 muxlis
moTxovnebi ufro farTo moculobisaa im TvalsazrisiT, rom isini kompensaciis
gadaxdasac gulisxmoben. ixileT, magaliTad, “kaia TurqeTis winaaRmdeg ” (1998w.).
unda aRiniSnos, rom precedentuli praqtika aRniSnul sakiTxze ar aris
sworxazovnad erTgvarovani da sasamarTlo xSirad moqnil midgomas iCens me-3
muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli dacvis sruli efeqturobis uzrunvelsayofad.
saqmeze “dikme TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (2000w.) sasamarTlom miiCnia, ganmcxadeblis
© interights 2007
mier araadekvatur gamoZiebis safuZvelze aRZruli saCivari me-3 muxliT
ganexila, radgan ganmcxadebels raime moTxovna me-13 muxlidan gamomdinare ar
dauyenebia. sasurvelia ganmcxadebelma “procesualuri” moTxovnebi rogorc me3, ise me-13 muxlebis safuZvelze daayenos, vinaidan me-3 da me-13 muxlebidan
gamomdinare procesualuri valdebulebebi metwilad identuria.
4.3.3. me-13 muxlis moTxovnebis CamonaTvali
me-13 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli efeqturi dacvis saSualebebis cneba, me-3
muxlTan dakavSirebul saqmeebze, yovelmxrivi da efeqturi gamoZiebis Catarebis
valdebulebas gulisxmobs; garda amisa, kanonierad Catarebuli gamoZieba
pasuxismgebeli pirebis gamovlenasa da dasjas10 unda isaxavdes miznad da
momCivani
unda
uzrunvelyos
sagamoZiebo
moqmedebebze
efeqturi
11
efeqturi gamoZieba, Cveulebriv, moiTxovs saxelmwifo
xelmisawvdomobiT.
organoebis mier yvela TviTmxilvelisa da sxva mowmeTa dakiTxvas da
mtkicebulebaTa safuZvelze daskvnebis gakeTebas (ix. gadawyvetileba asenovis
saqmeze,
paragrafi
102).
aq
SeiZleba
igulisxmebodes
agreTve
dazaralebulTaTvis kompensaciis gadaxda (ix. gadawyvetileba aqsois saqmeze,
paragrafi 98). samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualeba unda iyos “efeqturi”, rogorc
praqtikuli, ise sakanonmdeblo TvalsazrisiT; kerZod, misi ganxorcieleba
mopasuxe saxelmwifos moqmedebebis an umoqmedobebis gamo umizezod ar unda
Seferxdes (ix. gadawyvetileba aidinis saqmeze, paragrafi 103).
qvemoT ganxiluli saqmeebi imis magaliTia, me-13 muxli rogor gamoiyeneba me-3
muxlTan dakavSirebul saqmeebze:
 saqmeze “aqsoi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1996w.) sasamarTlom gamoikvlia
eefqturi gamoZiebis xarisxi me-13 muxlidan gamomdinare. man ganacxada, rom
wamebis akrZalvis fundamenturi mniSvnelobisa da wamebis msxverplTa
gansakuTrebiT daucveli mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT, erovnul samarTlis
sistemis sxva dacvis saSualebebisTvis zianis miyenebis gareSe, me-13 muxli
saxelmwifos wamebis incidentebis yovelmxriv da efeqtur gamoZiebas
avaldebulebs. “efeqturi dacvis saSualeba” gulisxmobs, saWiroebis
SemTxvevaSi kompensaciis gadaxdasTan erTad, yovelmxriv da efeqtur
gamoZiebas, romelic pasuxismgebel pirTa gamovlenasa da dasjas, agreTve
sagamoZiebo moqmedebebze momCivanis
efeqtur xelmisawvdomobas SeZlebs.
garda amisa, sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom gamoZieba unda iyos swrafi da
miukerZoebeli.

saqmeze “aidini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg” (1997w.) sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom
ganmcxadebeli mTlianad damokidebuli iyo prokurorze da misi miTiTebebis
Sesabamisad
moqmed
policiaze
misi
saCivris
damadasturebeli
mtkicebulebebis Sekrebisas. prokurors ufleba hqonda, daekiTxa uSiSroebis
samsaxuris TanamSromlebi derikis Jandarmeriis mTavar ganyofilebaSi,
gamoeZaxa mowmeebi, daeTvalierebina SemTxvevis adgili, Seekriba eqspertizis
10
ix. zemoT mimoxiluli saqme asenovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg
ix. zemoT mimoxiluli saqme ilhani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg
11
© interights 2007
daskvnebi da mieRo yvela aucilebeli zoma ganmcxadeblis saCivarze
WeSmaritebis dasadgenad. prokuroris gadamwyveti roli mdgomareobda ara
marto damnaSaveTa winaaRmdeg sisxlis samarTlis devnis ganxorcielebaSi,
aramed ganmcxadeblisadmi miyenebuli zianis gamosasworeblad dacvis
saSualebebis xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofaSi. sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom
am dacvis saSualebebis efeqturoba damokidebuli iyo prokuroris mier
masze dakisrebuli funqciebis saTanadod ganxorcielebaze. sasamarTlom
ganacxada, rom prokurorma, romelic pasuxismgebeli iyo gamoZiebis
Catarebaze, ver SeZlo dazaralebulis dakavebis TviTmxilvelis dadgena. man
ar miiRo aranairi gonivruli zoma imis dasadgenad, namdvilad imyofeboda
Tu ara aidinis ojaxi policiis ganyofilebaSi, rogorc isini acxadebdnen.
gamoZiebis gadamwyvet etapebze, arc erTi policieli ar dakiTxula.
prokurorma Cveneba, rom aidinis ojaxi maT ar daukavebiaT. igi aseve
policiaSi arsebul dakavebulTa Jurnalis Canawerebs miiCnevda sarwmunod.
prokurors mxridan meti dakvirvebis gamovlenisas, igi usaTuod daadgenda,
rom 1993 wlis dakavebulTa Jurnalis Canawerebi mcire ricxovnobis iyo,
miuxedavad regionSi arsebuli kriminogenuli mdgomareobisa. prokuroris
loialuri damokidebuleba policiis mimarT gamoZiebis gansakuTrebulad
seriozul xarvezs warmoadgenda. samedicino gamoZieba miznad isaxavda
mxolod imis dadgenas, dakarga Tu ara dazaralebulma qalwuloba da ara
imisa,
gaaupatiures Tu ara dazaralebuli. am da sxva faqtorebis
safuZvelze,
sasamarTlom
daaskvna,
rom
Catarebuli
gamoZieba
iyo
araefeqturi.

5.
saqmeze “asenovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg” (1998w.) dazaralebuli, romelic im
dros 14 wlisa iyo, acxadebda, rom igi daakava da cema policiam. am saqmeze
sasamarTlom daskvna, rom gamoZieba araefeqturi iyo. es daskvna emyareboda
ramdenime safuZvels. pirveli, bulgareTis xelisuflebis mier daniSnulma
gamomZiebelma miiCnia, rom fizikuri dazianebebi dazaralebuls mamamisma
miayena, rasac gamomZiebeli veranairi mtkicebulebiT ver adasturebda. meore,
marTalia ganmcxadebeli sazogadoebrivi TavSeyris adgilas daakaves 40-mde
adamianis Tvalwin, WeSmaritebis dadgenis mizniT, arcerTi mowme ar
daukiTxavT. gamoZiebis mimdinareobisas sxva daskvnebic gakeTda, romelTagan
arc erTi mtkicebulebebze damyarebuli ar iyo.
rCeuli amonaridebi konvenciis sasamarTlo praqtikidan
5.1
wamebisa da araadamianuri an
arsi da mniSvneloba
Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis akrZalvis
kostelo-robertsi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1993w.), paragrafi 27
27. ganmcxadeblis mosazrebebis safuZvelze, sasamarTlo upirvelesad aRniSnavs,
rom, saxelmwifo valdebulia bavSvebi maTTvis pirveli oqmis me-2 muxliT
garantirebuli ganaTlebis uflebiT uzrunvelyos. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom
konvenciisa da misi oqmebis debulebaTa aRqma mTlianobaSi unda moxdes.
© interights 2007
skolis Sida administrirebis funqciebi, rogoricaa magaliTad, disciplinis
dacva, ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos saswavlo procesis, ubralod damatebad...
meore, did britaneTSi damoukidebeli skolebi arseboben saxelmwifo
saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis gverdiT. yvelas fundamenturi ufleba
ganaTlebaze aris ufleba, romelic Tanabrad garantirebulia ganurCevlad,
rogorc saxelmwifo, ise kerZo skolebis moswavleebisTvis.
mesame, sasamarTlo iziarebs ganmcxadeblis mosazrebas, rom saxelmwifo
valdebulebebis
kerZo
pirebze
an
organizaciebze
delegirebiT,
pasuxismgeblobas Tavs ver aaridebs.
5.1.1.
uflebis absoluturi buneba
irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1978w.), paragrafi 163
163. konvencia absoluturad krZalavs wamebas da araadamianur an Rirsebis
Semlaxav mopyrobas an dasjas, miuxedavad dazaralebulis mier Cadenili
danaSaulebrivi qmedebisa. konvenciisa da misi pirveli oTxi oqmis debulebebis
umravlesobisgan gansxvavebiT, me-3 muxli aranair gadaxvevas ar iTvaliswinebs
da, me-15 muxlis me-2 nawilis mixedviT, misgan gadaxveva dauSvebelia Tundac
sagangebo mdgomareobis dros, rodesac xalxis sicocxles safrTxe emuqreba.
aqsoi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (1996w.), paragrafi 63
63. me-3 muxli, rogorc sasamarTlom araerTxel aRniSna, asaxavs demokratiuli
sazogadoebis erT-erT fundamentur Rirebulebas. yvelaze rTuli garemoebebis
drosac ki, rogoricaa brZola organizebuli terorizmisa da danaSaulis
winaaRmdeg, konvencia absoluturad krZalavs wamebas an araadamianur an
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas an dasjas. konvenciisa da misi pirveli oTxi
oqmis debulebebis umravlesobisgan gansxvavebiT, me-3 muxli raime saxis
gadaxvevas ar iTvaliswinebs da, me-15 muxlis me-2 nawilis mixedviT, misgan
gadaxveva dauSvebelia Tundac sagangebo mdgomareobis dros, rodesac xalxis
sicocxles safrTxe emuqreba.
d. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1997w.), paragrafi 47
47. ucxoelebis gaZevebis uflebis gamoyenebisas, xelSemkvrelma saxelmwifoebma
mxedvelobaSi unda miiRon konvenciis me-3 muxli, romelic demokratiuli
sazogadoebis erT-erT fundamentur Rirebulebas asaxavs. misi funqciebis
ganxorcielebisas, mesame qveynebSi pirebis eqstradiciasTan, gaZevebasTan an
deportaciasTan dakavSirebul saqmeebze, sasamarTlom araerTxel aRniSna, rom
me-3 muxli absoluturad krZalavs wamebas an araadamianur an Rirsebis
Semlaxav mopyrobas an dasjas da misi garantiebi ZalaSia miuxedavad imisa,
Sesabamis pirs raoden gasakicxi qmedebac ar Caedina.
© interights 2007
ramires sanCesi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (2006w.)
96. sasamarTlos moexseneba Tu ra sirTuleebs awydebian saxelmwifoebi,
dRevandel droSi, teroristuli Zaladobisgan maTi sazogadoebis dasacavad.
magram, konvenciisa da misi pirveli oTxi oqmis debulebebis umravlesobisgan
gansxvavebiT, me-3 muxli raime gadaxvevas ar iTvaliswinebs da, me-15 muxlis me-2
nawilis mixedviT, misgan gadaxveva dauSvebelia Tundac sagangebo mdgomareobis
dros, rodesac xalxis sicocxles safrTxe emuqreba (ix. labita italiis
winaaRmdeg [GC], # 26772/95, paragrafi 119, ECHR 2000-IV; selmuni safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg [GC], # 25803/94, paragrafi 95, ECHR 1999 V; asenovi da sxvebi
1998w
wlis
28
oqtombris
gadawyvetileba,
bulgareTis
winaaRmdeg,
gadawyvetilebaTa angariSebi 1998-VIII, gv. 3288, paragrafi 93). konvencia
absoluturad krZalavs wamebas an araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas
an dasjas, miuxedavad Sesabamisi piris mier Cadenili saqcielisa (ix. Cahali
gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, 1996 wlis 15 noembris gadawyvetileba, Reports
1996-V, gv. 1855, paragrafi 79). aqedan gamomdinare, ganmcxadeblis mier
savaraudod Cadenili danaSaulis xasiaTs mniSvneloba ar aqvs me-3 muxlis
miznebisTvis (antonio indelikato italiis winaaRmdeg, # 31143/96, paragrafi 30,
2001 wlis 18 oqtomberi).
5.2.
gansazRvrebebi, cnebebi da normebi me-3 muxlis mixedviT
5..2.1. sisastikis minimaluri zRvari
162. komisiam rogorc aRniSna, arasaTanado mopyroba unda aRwevdes sisastikis
minimalur zRvars imisaTvis, rom igi me-3 muxlis moqmedebis sferoSi moxvdes.
am minimumis Sefaseba, garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, SedarebiTia; igi
damokidebulia saqmis yvela garemoebaze, rogoricaa, mopyrobis xangrZlivoba,
misi fizikuri da fsiqikuri zemoqmedeba da, zog SemTxvevaSi, dazaralebulis
sqesi, asaki da janmrTelobis mdgomareoba da sxva.
5.2.2. wameba
167. aRniSnuli xuTi meTodi gamoyenebuli iyo kombinirebulad, winaswar
dagegmilad da ramdenime saaTis ganmavlobaSi uwyvetad, ramac gamoiwvia,
sxeulis fizikuri dazianeba Tu ara, sul cota fsiqikuri tanjva mainc, agreTve
mwvave fsiqikuri aSlilobebi dakiTxvis dros. Sesabamisad, isini moeqcnen
araadamianuri mopyrobis kategoriaSi me-3 muxlis gagebiT. es meTodebi
imavdroulad damamcirebelic iyo, radgan dazaralebulebSi SiSis, tanjvisa da
arasrulfasovnebis grZnobas iseTi xarisxiT iwvevda, romelsac SeeZlo
daemcirebina da daeknina isini; SesaZloa, gaetexa maTi fizikuri da moraluri
winaaRmdegobis gawevis unari. am or sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlo
iziarebs komisiis mosazrebas. sasamarTlom rom CaTvalos aRniSnuli xuTi
meTodi wamebad, mxedvelobaSi unda miiRos me-3 muxlSi asaxuli gansxvaveba
© interights 2007
wamebisa da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis cnebebs Soris.
sasamarTlos azriT, es gansxvaveba gamomdinareobs umTavresad miyenebuli
tanjvis intensiurobidan. sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom marTalia, erTi mxriv,
arsebobs Zaladoba, romelic unda gaikicxos, rogorc zneobrivad, ise Sida
kanonmdeblobiTac da romelic ar jdeba konvenciis me-3 muxlis sferoSi; meore
mxriv, konvenciam, romelic ganasxvavebs “wamebas” da “araadamianur an Rirsebis
Semlaxav mopyrobas”, amaTgan pirveli cnebis meSveobiT, gansakuTrebiT dagmo
Zalze mZime da sastiki tanjvis gamomwvevi ganzraxi araadamianuri mopyroba.
garda amisa, rogorc Cans, es logika udevs safuZvlad gaerTianebuli erebis
organizaciis generaluri asambleis 1975 wlis 9 dekembris # 3452 (XXX)
rezolucias, romelic acxadebs: “wameba aris sastiki, araadamianuri an
Rirsebis Semalxavi mopyrobis an dasjis mZime da ganzraxi forma”. marTalia,
zemoaRniSnuli
xuTi
meTodi,
kombinirebulad
gamoyenebuli,
ueWvelad
uTanabrdeboda araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas, maTi gamoyenebis
mizani iyo aRiarebiTi Cvenebis miReba, sxvebze informaciis miwodeba an/da
informaciis miReba. marTalia, maTi iyenebdnen sistematurad, amas ar
gamouwvevia iseTi gansakuTrebuli intensivobisa da sisastikis tanjva, rasac
gulisxmobs sityva wameba.”
64. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom komisiam daadgina, rom ganmcxadeblis mimarT
gamoyenebuli iyo “palestinuri dakideba”; kerZod, igi zurgs ukan Sekruli
xelebiT, SiSvel mdgomareobaSi iyo Camokidebuli. sasamarTlos azriT, es
mopyroba
mxolod
ganzraxi
SeiZleba
yofiliyo.
marTlac,
mis
gansaxorcieleblad saWiro iyo garkveuli momzadeba da Zalebis mobilizeba.
savaraudod, aRniSnuli gamoiyenes aRiarebis an informaciis miRebis mizniT.
samedicino daskvnebiT dadgenilia, rom mopyrobam orive xelis paralizeba
gamoiwvia, rac garkveuli xnis ganmavlobaSi gagrZelda. sasamarTlos miaCnia,
rom aRniSnuli mopyroba iyo imdenad mZime da sastiki xasiaTis, rom is mxolod
wamebad SeiZleba CaiTvalos.
salmani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2000w.), paragrafi 114
114. me-3 muxliT dadgenili gansxvaveba wamebisa da araadamianuri an Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyrobis cnebebs Soris gamoiyeneba arasaTanado mopyrobis ama Tu
im formis wamebad miCnevisas. rogorc adrindel saqmeebze aRiniSna, konvenciam,
cnebebs Soris aseTi gansxvavebis dadgenis Sedegad, pirveli cnebis meSveobiT
gansakuTrebiT dagmo Zalze mZime da sastiki tanjvis gamomwvevi ganzraxi
araadamianuri mopyroba. mopyrobis sisastikis garda, arsebobs kidev ganzraxvis
elementi, rac aRiarebulia gaeros konvenciiT wamebis da sxva sastiki,
araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis winaaRmdeg, romelic
ZalaSi Sevida 1987 wlis 26 ivniss; igi wamebas gansazRvravs, rogorc sastiki
tkivilis an tanjvis ganzrax miyenebas, sxva mizanTa Soris, informaciis
miRebis, dasjis an daSinebis mizniT (gaeros konvenciis pirveli muxli).
© interights 2007
selmuni safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (1999w.), paragrafi 101
101. sasamarTlom adre ganxilul saqmeebSi dasZina, rom gamoyenebul mopyrobas
SeiZleba mxolod wameba daerqvas. magram imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom konvencia
“cocxali instrumentia, romlis ganmarteba unda moxdes amJamindeli pirobebis
fonze”, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom zogierTi qmedeba, romelic warsulSi
“araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad” iTvleboda da ara “wamebad”,
momavalSi SeiZleba sxvagvarad dakvalificirdes. sasamarTlos azriT, adamianis
uflebaTa da fundamentur TavisuflebaTa dacvis sferoSi sul ufro mzardi
standartebi Sesabamisad da gardauvlad moiTxoven meti simtkicis gamoCenas
demokratiuli
sazogadoebebis
fundamentur
RirebulebaTa
darRvevis
Sefasebisas.
elsi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2003w.)
634. me-3 muxliT dadgenili gansxvaveba wamebasa da araadamianur an Rirsebis
Semlaxavi
mopyrobis
cnebebs
Soris mxedvelobaSia
misaRebi, rodesac
arasaTanado mopyrobis esa Tu is forma wamebad unda dakvalificirdes.
rogorc adrindel saqmeebze aRiniSna, konvenciam, cnebebs Soris gansxvavebebis
dadgeniT, pirveli cnebis meSveobiT, gansakuTrebiT dagmo Zalze mZime da
sastiki tanjvis gamomwvevi ganzraxi araadamianuri mopyroba (ix. zemoT
miTiTebuli gadawyvetileba saqmeze selmuni safrangeTis winaaRmdeg, paragrafi
96). magram rogorc sasamarTlom aRniSna, zogierTi qmedeba, romelic warsulSi
“araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad” iTvleboda da ara “wamebad”,
momavalSi SeiZleba sxvagvarad dakvalificirdes: adamianis uflebaTa da
fundamentur TavisuflebaTa dacvis sferoSi sul ufro mzardi standartebi
Sesabamisad da gardauvlad moiTxoven meti simtkicis gamoCenas demokratiuli
sazogadoebebis fundamentur RirebulebaTa darRvevis Sefasebisas (iqve,
paragrafi 101).
ilaSku da sxvebi moldoveTisa da ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2004w.)
me-3 muxliT dadgenili gansxvaveba wamebasa da araadamianur an Rirsebis
Semlaxavi
mopyrobis
cnebebs
Soris
gasaTvaliswinebelia
arasaTanado
mopyrobis ama Tu im formis wamebad miCnevisas. rogorc adrindel saqmeebze
aRiniSna, konvenciam, cnebebs Soris gansxvavebebis dadgeniT, pirveli cnebis
meSveobiT, gansakuTrebiT dagmo Zalze mZime da sastiki tanjvis gamomwvevi
ganzraxi araadamianuri mopyroba: igive gansxvavebaa mocemuli gaeros
konvenciis pirvel muxlSi (ix. zemoT miTiTebuli gadawyvetileba selmunis
saqmeze, paragrafi 96):
konvenciis miznebisTvis, termini “wameba” niSnavs nebismier qmedebas,
romliTac xdeba pirisTvis sastiki fizikuri an fsiqikuri tkivilis an
tanjvis ganzrax miyeneba, misgan an mesame pirisgan informaciis an
aRiarebis miRebis, misi an mesame piris mier Cadenili an savaraudod
Cadinili qmedebis gamo misi dasjis, misi an mesami piris daSinebis, an sxva
nebismieri mizniT, romelic dafuZnebulia diskriminaciaze, Tu aseTi
tkivili an tanjva miyenebulia saxelmwifo moxelis an oficialuri
© interights 2007
uflebamosilebiT
codniT.
moqmedi
sxva
piris
mier,
waqezebiT,
TanxmobiT
an
meneSeva ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2006w.)
57. sasamarTlo askvnis, rom mocemul saqmeze fizikuri tkivilis an tanjvis
miyenebis faqti dasturdeba samedicino eqspertis daskvniT da ganmcxadeblis
CvenebebiT imis Taobaze, rom dakavebis periodSi mas arasaTanadod epyrobodnen.
movlenaTa ganviTarebac aCvenebs, rom mas ganzrax miayenes tkivili da tanjva
kerZod, misgan “l”-sTan dakavSirebiT informaciis miRebis mizniT (ix.
paragrafebi 53-54 zemoT).
58.
ganmcxadeblisTvis
miyenebuli
“tkivilis
an
tanjvis”
sisastikis
Sesafaseblad, sasamarTlo mxedvelobaSi iRebs saqmis yvela garemoebas, maT
Soris, mopyrobis xangrZlivobas, mis fizikur an fsiqikur Sedegebs da, zog
SemTxvevaSi, dazaralebulis sqess, asaks da janmrTelobis mdgomareobas (ix.
zemoT miTiTebuli gadawyvetileba batis saqmeze, paragrafi 120). sasamarTlo
SeniSnavs, rom saqmisTvis mniSvnelovan dros ganmcxadebeli mxolod 19 wlis
iyo da igi, rogorc qali, gansakuTrebiT daucvel mdgomareobaSi aRmoCnda,
rodesac ramdenime mamakac policiels uwevda winaaRmdegobas. garda amisa,
arasaTanado mopyroba grZeldeboda ramdenime saaTis ganmavlobaSi, romlis
drosac igi orjer cemes da mis mimarT gamoiyenes fizikuri da moraluri
Zaladobis sxva formebi.
59. am garemoebebis safuZvelze, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom, Zaladobriv qmedebaTa
erTobliobisa, maTi miznisa da sisastikis mxedvelobaSi miRebiT, arasaTanado
mopyroba uTanabrdeboda wamebas konvenciis me-3 muxlis gagebiT.
mixeievi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2006w.)
128. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mxareebi sadaod ar xdian im faqts, rom
ganmcxadebelma mZime dazianebebi miiRo policiis ganyofilebis fanjridan
gadmoxtomis Sedegad da rom is TviTon gadmoxta. magram mxareebma
warmoadgines sxvadasxva versiebi imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ram aiZula
ganmcxadebels ecada TviTmkvleloba. xelisufleba acxadebs, rom 1998 wlis 19
seqtembers Catarebuli dakiTxva iyo kanonieri,
xolo ganmcxadebelma
TviTmkvleloba scada mxolod fsiqikuri problemebis gamo. ganmcxadebeli ar
daeTanxma am mosazrebas. igi aRniSnavs, rom incidentamde mas ar hqonia
fsiqikuri aSlilobis raime niSnebi da man TviTmkvleloba scada mxolod imis
gamo, rom veRar uZlebda wamebas da surda misi tanjvisTvis bolo moeRo...
135. am garemoebebis safuZvelze, miuxedavad imisa, rom 2005 wlis 30 noembris
gadawyvetileba ZalaSi ar aris Sesuli, sasamarTlo mzadaa, daadasturos, rom
ganmcxadeblis
mimarT
policiaSi
dakavebis
periodSi
saxelmwifos
warmomadgenlebma arasaTanado mopyrobis mZime formebi gamoiyenes, im
danaSaulebze aRiarebiTi Cvenebis an informaciis miRebis mizniT, romlebSic
igi eWvmitanili iyo. Gganmcxadeblis mimarT gamoyenebulma arasaTanado
mopyrobam mas imdenad sastiki fizikuri da fsiqikuri tanjva miayena, rom
ganmcxadebelma TviTmkvleloba scada; Sedegad ki saerTo Sromisunarianoba
mudmivad dakarga. am sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi, konvenciis safuZvelze Seqmnili
© interights 2007
precedentuli samarTlisa da arasaTanado mopyrobis sisastikis kriteriumebisa
da miznis gaTvaliswinebiT (ix. sxva saqmeTa Soris, ilhani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg
[GC], # 22277/93, paragrafi 85, ECHR 2000-VII), sasamarTlo askvnis, rom
aRniSnuli mopyroba uTanabrdeboda wamebas konvenciis me-3 muxlis gagebiT.
5.2.3. araadamianuri mopyroba an dasja
167. [...]sasamarTlom unda gaiTvaliswinos me-3 muxlSi asaxuli gansxvaveba am
cnebasa da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis cnebas Soris imis
dadgenisas, aRniSnuli xuTi meTodi unda dakvalificirdes Tu ara wamebad,.
sasamarTlos azriT, es gansxvaveba umTavresad gamomdinareobs miyenebuli
tanjvis intensivobidan.
labita italiis winaaRmdeg (2000w.), paragrafi 120
sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom arasaTanado mopyroba unda aRwevdes sisastikis
am minimaluri zRvaris Sefaseba SedarebiTia: igi damokidebulia saqmis yvela
garemoebaze, maT Soris, mopyrobis xangrZlivobaze, mis fizikur da fsiqikur
Sedegebze da, zog SemTxvevaSi, dazaralebulis sqesze, asaksa da janmrTelobis
mdgomareobaze. TavisuflebaaRkveTili piris SemTxvevaSi, fizikuri Zalis
gamoyeneba, romelic ar iyo am piris saqcieliT ganpirobebuli ukiduresi
aucileblobiT, amcirebs adamianis Rirsebas da principSi warmoadgens me-3
muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebis darRvevas.
sasamarTlom mopyroba “araadamianur mopyrobad” miiCnia, radgan, sxva mizezTa
Soris, igi iyo winaswar dagegmili, grZeldeboda uwyvetad ramdenime saaTis
ganmavlobaSi da gamoiwvia sxeulis faqtobrivi dazianeba an mZime fizikuri da
fsiqikuri tanjva; aRniSnuli mopyroba sasamarTlom miiCnia “Rirsebis
Semlaxavad”, radgan igi dazaralebulebSi iwvevda SiSis, tanjvisa da
arasrulfasovnebis iseT grZnobas, romelic maT amcirebda da akninebda.
imisaTvis,
rom
dasja
an
masTan
asocirebuli
mopyroba
CaiTvalos
“araadamianurad” an “Rirsebis Semlaxavad”, igi unda cdebodes tanjvis an
damcirebis im gardauval xarisxs, romelic kanonieri mopyrobis an dasjis
mocemul formas ukavSirdeba. iyo Tu ara mopyrobis mizani dazaralebulis
damcireba an misi pativis Selaxva, yuradsaRebi damoukidebeli garemoebaa,
magram aseTi miznis ararseboba avtomaturad ar gamoricxavs me-3 muxlis
darRvevis SesaZleblobas.
becievi moldoveTis winaaRmdeg (2005w.)
39.
sasamarTlo
mopyrobas
“araadamianurad”
miiCnevs,
rodesac,
sxva
garemoebebTan erTad, igi iyo winaswar dagegmili, grZeldeboda uwyvetad
ramdenime saaTis ganmavlobaSi da gamoiwvia sxeulis faqtobrivi dazianeba an
mZime fizikuri da fsiqikuri tanjva. sasamarTlo mopyrobas “Rirsebis
Semlaxavad” Tvlis, Tu igi dazaralebulebSi iwvevda SiSis, tanjvisa da
© interights 2007
arasrulfasovnebis iseT grZnobas, romelic maT amcirebda da akninebda (ix.,
magaliTad, kudla poloneTis winaaRmdeg [GC], # 30210/96, paragrafi 92, ECHR
2000-XI). sasamarTlom mxedvelobaSi unda miiRos, miznad isaxavda Tu ara
Cadenili qmedeba piris damcirebasa da dakninebas imisaTvis, rom mopyroba
“Rirsebis Semlaxavad” miiCnios da daadginos, imoqmeda Tu ara mopyrobam
uaryofiTad msxverplze. magram aseTi miznis ararseboba avtomaturad ar me-3
muxlis darRvevis SesaZleblobas gamoricxavs (ix. magaliTad, ranineni fineTis
winaaRmdeg, 1997 wlis 16 dekembris gadawyvetileba, Reports of Judgments and Decisions,
1997-VIII, gv. 2821-22, paragrafi 55 da piersi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg, # 28524/95,
paragrafi 74, ECHR 2001-III).
i.i. bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (2005w.)
67. sasamarTlom mopyroba “araadamianurad” miiCnia, radgan, sxva mizezTa Soris,
igi iyo winaswar dagegmili, grZeldeboda uwyvetad ramdenime saaTis
ganmavlobaSi da gamoiwvia faqtiuri sxeulebrivi dazianeba an mZime fizikuri
da fsiqikuri tanjva; sasamarTlom aRniSnuli mopyroba “Rirsebis Semlaxavad”
miiCnia, radgan igi dazaralebulebSi SiSis, tanjvisa da arasrulfasovnebis
iseT SegrZnebas iwvevda, romelic maT amcirebda da laxavda maT pativs (ix.,
kudla poloneTis winaaRmdeg [GC], # 30210/96, paragrafi 92, ECHR 2000-XI). calke
msjelobis sagania miznad isaxavda Tu ara mopyroba dazaralebulis
damcirebasa an misi Rirsebis Selaxvas, magram aseTi miznis ararseboba me-3
muxlis darRveulad cnobis SesaZleblobas avtomaturad ar gamoricxavs (ix.
piersi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg, # 28524/95, paragrafi 74, ECHR 2001-III da
kalaSnikovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg, # 47095/99, paragrafi 101, ECHR 2002-VI).
5.2.3.1. fsiqikuri aSliloba
kempbeli da kozansi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1982), paragrafi 26
26. me-3 muxli SeiZleba dairRves im SemTxvevaSic, Tu adgili aqvs akrZaluli
mopyrobiT damuqrebas, amasTan muqara sakmarisad realuri da pirdapiri unda
iyos.
amdenad,
wamebiT
damuqreba
garkveul
garemoebebSi
sul
cota
“araadamianur mopyrobas” SeiZleba gauTanabrdes.
kakiCi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (199w.), paragrafi 98
sasamarTlo SeniSnavs, rom kurtis saqmeze, romelic Seexeboda ganmcxadeblis
Svilis daudasturebeli dakavebis periodSi gauCinarebas, man daadgina, rom
saqmis konkretuli garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, ganmcxadeblis mimarT me-3
muxli dairRva. kerZod, sasamarTlom mxedvelobaSi miiRo is faqti, rom
ganmcxadebeli iyo adamianis uflebaTa mZime darRvevis msxverplis deda da
Tavadac tanjvisa da sulieri gancdis Sedegad dazaralebuli, romelic man
xelisuflebis organoebis TviTkmayofilebis gamo ganicada. Tumca, kurtis
saqmes ar daumkvidrebia zogadi principi, rom “gauCinarebuli piris” ojaxis
wevri avtomaturad aris me-3 muxlis sawinaaRmdego mopyrobis Sedegad
dazaralebuli.
© interights 2007
ojaxis wevri CaiTvleba Tu ara dazaralebulad damokidebulia ganmcxadeblis
mier gancdili tanjvis xarisxze, romelic adamianis uflebaTa uxeSi darRvevis
Sedegad dazaralebuli piris naTesavebis mier udaod gadatanili emociuri
tanjvisagan mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba. Aq, mxedvelobaSi misaRebi faqtorebia:
axlo naTesauri kavSiri – maT Soris, mSoblisa da Svilis urTierToba _,
misTvis damaxasiaTebeli konkretuli garemoebebi, ojaxis wevrebi gaxdnen Tu
ara movlenaTa TviTmxilvelebi, ojaxis wevris mcdelobebi, moipovos
informacia gauCinarebuli piris Sesaxeb da xelisuflebis organoebis sapasuxo
reagireba. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom me-3 muxlis darRvevis arsi am
TvalsazrisiT ZiriTadad gamoixateba ara ojaxis wevris “gauCinarebaSi”, aramed
xelisuflebis
organoebis
reagirebasa
da
sakiTxis
mimarT
maT
damokidebulebaSi, rodesac faqti maTTvis cnobili gaxdeba. swored am
faqtoris safuZvelze, naTesavs SeuZlia amtkicos, rom igi
xelisuflebis
organoebis qmedebis Sedegad dazaralda.
5.2.3.2. SiSi da tanjva ojaxis wevrTa iZulebiTi gauCinarebis an maT mimarT sxva
cudi mopyrobis Sedegad
bazorkina ruseTis federaciis winaaRmdeg (2006w.)
139. sasamarTlo ganmeorebiT ganmartavs, rom ojaxis wevri me-3 muxlis
darRvevis msxverplad aRiareba ganmcxadeblis mier gancdili tanjvis
xarisxzea damokidebuli, romelic adamianis uflebaTa uxeSi darRvevis Sedegad
dazaralebuli piris naTesavebis mier udaod gadatanili emociuri tanjvisagan
mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba. Aq, mxedvelobaSi misaRebi faqtorebia: axlo
naTesauri kavSiris arseboba – maT Soris, mSoblisa da Svilis urTierToba _,
urTierTobis konkretuli garemoebebi, ojaxis wevrebi gaxdnen Tu ara
movlenaTa TviTmxilvelebi, ojaxis wevris mcdelobebi, moipovos informacia
gauCinarebuli piris Sesaxeb da xelisuflebis organoebis sapasuxo reagireba.
(ix. orhanis saqme, paragrafi 358, kakiCis saqme, paragrafi 98 da timurtazis
saqme, paragrafi 95, romlebic zemoT iqna miTiTebuli). sasamarTlo aseve
aRniSnavs, rom me-3 muxlis darRvevis arsi am TvalsazrisiT ZiriTadad
gamoixateba ara
ojaxis wevris “gauCinarebaSi”, aramed xelisuflebis
organoebis reagirebasa da sakiTxis mimarT maT damokidebulebaSi, rodesac
faqti maTTvis cnobili gaxdeba. swored am faqtoris safuZvelze, naTesavs
SeuZlia amtkicos, rom igi
xelisuflebis organoebis qmedebis Sedegad
dazaralda.
140.
winamdebare
saqmesTan
dakavSirebiT,
sasamarTlo
aRniSnavs,
rom
gancmxadebeli aris gauCinarebuli piris – haji-murat iandievis deda.
ganmcxadebeli video kasetaze adevnebda Tvals misi vaJis dakiTxvis process,
romelsac dasasruls mokvliT daemuqrnen, ris Semdegac igi gahyavT
jariskacebs. eqvs welze meti xnis ganmavlobaSi, ganmcxadebels misi vaJis
Sesaxeb araferi smenia. am periodSi man mimarTa ramdenime saxelmwifo organos,
rogorc werilobiT, ise piradad Svilis Sesaxeb informaciis miRebis
moTxovniT (ix. paragrafebi 21-40 zemoT). miuxedavad misi mcdelobebisa,
ganmcxadebels arasodes miuRia simarTlis msgavsi ganmarteba an informacia
imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra bedi ewia iandievs 2000 wlis 2 Tebervals misi dakiTxvis
© interights 2007
Semdeg. sapasuxo werilebis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifos aranairi pasuxismgebloba
misi Svilis dakavebisa da gauCinarebis gamo ar ekisreboda, xolo momxdarze
gamoZieba mimdinareobda. me-2 muxlis procesualur mxaresTan dakavSirebiT,
mxedvelobaSia misaRebi sasamarTlos mier zemoT gakeTebuli daskvnebi (ix.
paragrafebi 120-125); kerZod is faqti, rom gauCinarebasTan dakavSirebiT
sisxlis samarTlis gamoZieba daiwyo SemTxvevidan mxolod weliwad naxevris
Semdeg.
141. zemoaRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom ganmcxadebeli
dRemde ganicdis Zlier sulier tanjvasa da tkivils misi vaJiSvilis
gauCinarebisa da imis gamo, rom misi adgilsamyofelis Sesaxeb cnobebi ar
moipoveba. xelisuflebis organoebis mxridan ganmcxadeblis saCivrebze msgavsi
reagireba me-3 muxliT dagmobil araadamianur mopyrobad unda CaiTvalos.
5.2.4. Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba an dasja
167. [...] gamoyenebuli dakiTxvis meTodebic damamcirebeli iyo, radgan isini
dazaralebulebSi iwvevda SiSis, tanjvisa da arasrulfasovnebis iseT
SegrZnebebs, romlebsac SeeZloT maTi damcireba da Rirsebis Selaxva da,
albaT, maTi fizikuri da moraluri winaaRmdegobis gatexva.
aRmosavleT
paragrafi
189
afrikeli
azielebi
gaerTianebuli
samefos
winaaRmdeg
(1973w.),
189. [...] termini “Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyroba” am konteqstSi mianiSnebs, rom
misi amkrZalavi debulebis zogadi mizania adamianis Rirsebis gansakuTrebiT
mZime Selaxvis aRkveTa. Sesabamisad, qmedeba, romelic adamians rangis,
mdgomareobis, reputaciis an Tvisebis mxriv amcirebs, SeiZleba CaiTvalos
Rirsebis Semlaxavad da me-3 muxlis moTxovnebis darRvevad, Tu is aRwevs
sisastikis garkveul xarisxs.
abdulazisi, kabalesi da balkandali gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1985w.),
paragrafi 91
91. sasamarTlo SeniSnavs, rom gasaCivrebuli mopyroba ar mianiSnebda
ganmcxadeblebis pirovnebis mimarT raime Seuracxyofaze an upativcemulobaze;
igi miznad ar isaxavda maT damcirebas an maTi pativis Selaxvas, mxolod
garkveuli miznebis miRwevaze ... amitom igi ver CaiTvleba “Rirsebis
Semlaxavad”.
120. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom arasaTanado mopyroba unda aRwevdes sisastikis
am minimaluri zRvaris Sefaseba SedarebiTia: igi damokidebulia saqmis yvela
© interights 2007
garemoebaze, maT Soris, mopyrobis xangrZlivobaze, mis fizikur da fsiqikur
Sedegebze da, zog SemTxvevaSi, dazaralebulis sqesze, asaksa da janmrTelobis
mdgomareobaze. TavisuflebaaRkveTili piris SemTxvevaSi, fizikuri Zalis
gamoyeneba, romelic ar iyo am piris saqcieliT ganpirobebuli, amcirebs
adamianis Rirsebas da principSi warmoadgens me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli
uflebis darRvevas.
sasamarTlom mopyroba “araadamianurad” miiCnia, radgan, sxva mizezTa Soris,
igi iyo winaswar ganzraxuli, grZeldeboda uwyvetad ramdenime saaTis
ganmavlobaSi da gamoiwvia sxeulis faqtiuri dazianeba an mZime fizikuri da
fsiqikuri tanjva; aRniSnuli mopyroba CaiTvala “Rirsebis Semlaxavad”, radgan
igi dazaralebulebSi SiSis, tanjvisa da arasrulfasovnebis iseT SegrZnebas
iwvevda, romelic maT amcirebda da laxavda maT pativs; imisaTvis, rom dasja an
masTan asocirebuli mopyroba CaiTvalos “araadamianur” an “Rirsebis Semlaxav”
mopyrobad, miyenebuli tanjva an damcireba unda scdebodes tanjvis an
damcirebis im dadgenil xarisxs, romelic kanonieri mopyrobis an dasjis
mocemul formas ukavSirdeba. yuradsaReb garemoebas warmoadgens, ramdenad
isaxavda mopyroba miznad dazaralebulis damcirebas an misi pativis Selaxvas,
Tumca aseTi miznis ararseboba avtomaturad ar gamoricxavs me-3 muxlis
darRvevis SesaZleblobas.
5.3.
mtkicebis tvirTi da mtkicebis standarti
irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1978w), paragrafi 161
161. [...] sasamarTlo iziarebs komisiis midgomas imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu
rogori mtkicebulebebis gamokvlevis Sedegad unda gadawydes me-3 muxlis
darRveulad
cnobis
sakiTxi
an
piriqiT.
mtkicebulebaTa
Sefasebisas,
sasamarTlo iyenebs mtkicebis iseT xarisxs, rogoricaa mtkiceba “gonivruli
eWvis gareSe”. amasTan, aseTi mtkicebis standarti SeiZleba gamomdinareobdes
udaod myari, mkafio da urTierTSesabamisi daskvnebis an msgavsi gaubaTilebeli
faqtobrivi prezumfciebidan.
ribiCi avstriis winaaRmdeg (1995w.)
34. sasamarTlom dadasturebulad miiCnia, rom baton ribiCs dazianebebi
policiaSi dakavebis periodSi miayenes, rac yvela SemTxvevaSi ukanono iyo,
radgan am periodSi igi mTlianad policielebis kontrols qveS imyofeboda.
avstriis saxelmwifo pasuxismgebelia konvenciis darRvevaze, miuxedavad
erovnuli sasamarTlos mier, udanaSaulobis prezumfciaze dayrdnobiT,
policieli marklis gamarTlebisa. Sesabamisad, mTavroba valdebuli iyo,
waredgina damajerebeli axsna-ganmarteba imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ris Sedegad
miadga
ganmcxadebels
dazianebebi.
sapasuxod
mTavrobam
sisxlis
samarTalwarmoebis
Sedegebze
miuTiTa,
romlis
mixedviTac
piris
gasamarTlebisTvis aucilebeli mtkicebis maRali standarti ar iyo miRweuli
aRniSnul saqmeze. mniSvneloba mieniWa axsna-ganmartebas imis Sesaxeb, rom
TiTqos ganmcxadebelma es dazianebebi manqanis karebze mirtymis Sedegad miiRo.
komisiis msgavsad, sasamarTlomac ar gaiziara aRniSnuli pozicia; misi azriT,
© interights 2007
batoni ribiCi eskortiT gadayvanisas marTlac rom waqceuliyo, damajereblad
mainc ver dasturdeba swored waqcevis Sedegad dazianebebis warmoSobis faqti.
saqmis yvela masalis gamokvlevis Sedegad, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom mTavrobam
sakmarisad ver daamtkica, rom ganmcxadeblis dazianebebi policiis patimrobaSi
yofnisas mis mimarT ganxorcielebuli ukanono qmedebebis Sedegad ar
warmoiSva.
61. sasamarTlos, komisiis mier dadgenil faqtebze dayrdnobiT, miaCnia, rom Tu
dakavebis momentSi adamiani sruliad janmrTelia, magram gaTavisuflebisas mas
dazianebebi aReniSneba, saxelmwifo valdebulia waradginos damajerebeli
ganmarteba dazianebebis warmoSObis mizezebis Taobaze. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,
me-3 muxlis darRvevis sakiTxi dgeba.
reboki sloveniis winaaRmdeg (2002w.), paragrafi 72
72. ganmcxadebeli ar daukavebiaT daugegmavi operaciis Sedegad, romelsac
SeiZleba moulodneli ganviTareba mohyoloda, razec policia yovelgvari
winaswari momzadebis gareSe imoqmedebda. sasamarTlos winaSe wardgenili
dokumentebi miuTiTebs, rom policiam dakavebis operacia winaswar dagegma da
mas sakmarisi dro gaaCnda SesaZlo riskebis gaTvaliswinebisTvis da dakavebisas
saWiro
RonisZiebebis
gasatareblad.
operaciaSi
monawileobda
cameti
policieli, romlebic sam dasakavebel eWvmitanils raodenobrivad aSkarad
aRematebodnen.
garda
amisa,
dakavebisas
ganmcxadebeli
ar
damuqrebia
policielebs,
maT
Soris,
iaraRis
meSveobiT
an
maTze
TavdasxmiT.
ganmcxadeblisTvis miyenebuli dazianebis Zalze mZime xasiaTisa da imis
gaTvaliswinebiT, rom mocemul faqtobriv garemoebebze erovnul sasamarTlos
saerTod ar umsjelia, mTavrobis valdebulebaa amtkicos, rom gamoyenebuli
Zala ar iyo gadaWarbebuli.
160. sasamarTlo ar gaiziarebs mosazrebas, rom mtkicebis tvirTi oridan erTerT mTavrobas ekisreba, imisaTvis, rom darwmundes CrdiloeT irlandiaSi me-3
muxlis
sawinaaRmdego
praqtikis
arseboba-ararsebobaSi.
sasamarTlo
gansaxilvel saqmeebze yvela masalas gamoikvlevs, miuxedavad imisa, Tu vin
iqneba misi wyaro – komisia, mxareebi da a.S., xolo, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi,
sakuTari iniciativiTac moipovebs masalebs.
popovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2006w.)
193. sasamarTlo ganmeorebiT ganmartavs, rom arasaTanado mopyrobis Sesaxeb
saCivrebi Sesabamisi mtkicebulebebiT unda iyos gamyarebuli. mtkicebulebaTa
Sefasebisas, sasamarTlo iyenebs “gonivruli eWvis gareSe” mtkicebis xarisxs;
amasTan,
mtkiceba
SeiZleba
emyarebodes
udaod
myar,
mkafio
da
urTierTSesabamis daskvnebs an gaubaTilebel faqtobriv prezumfciebs (ix.
© interights 2007
labita italiis winaaRmdeg [GC], # 26772/95, paragrafi 121, ECHR 2000-IV). Tu
policia pirs janmrTel mdgomareobaSi akavebs, magram gaTavisuflebisas mas
dazianebebi aReniSneba, am SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifos ekisreba valdebuleba,
warmoadginos damajerebeli axsna-ganmarteba dazianebebis warmoSobis mizezebis
Taobaze; winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, me-3 muxlis darRvevis sakiTxi SesaZloa
warmoiSvas (ix. tomazi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg, 1992 wlis 27 agvistos
gadawyvetileba, Series A # 241-A, gv. 40-41, paragrafebi 108-111, da ribiCi avstriis
winaaRmdeg, 1995 wlis 4 dekembris gadawyvetileba, Series A # 336, gv. 25-26,
paragrafi 34).
boiCenco moldoveTis winaaRmdeg (2006w.)
105. saqmeSi dadasturebul faqtad miiCneva is, rom 2005 wlis 20 maiss, SuadRes,
ganmcxadeblis dakavebidan 11:37 saaTze saavadmyofoSi miyvanamde, igi CFECC-is
patimrobaSi imyofeboda. Uudavoa agreTve, rom dakavebamde ganmcxadebels
janmrTeloba Seryeuli ar hqonia (ix. paragrafi 8 zemoT), magram policiis
ganyofilebis datovebis Semdeg, igi ugonod imyofeboda oTxi saaTis
ganmavlobaSi (ix. paragrafebi 12-13 zemoT).
106. mTavroba amtkicebs, rom ganmcxadebelma goneba dakarga stresis gamo da
rom misdami arasaTanado mopyrobas adgili ar hqonia, arc raime saxis
SeSupebebi sxeulze mas ar aReniSneba. garda amisa, mTavrobas saeWvod xdis
cixis saavadmyofos eqimebis mier dadgenil diagnozs, romlis mixedviTac
ganmcxadebels Tavis mwvave travma da tvinis Seryeva daudginda.
107. sasamarTlo srulad eyrdnoba eqimebis mier dadgenil diagnozs. amasTan
dakavSirebiT, igi aRniSnavs, rom diagnozi cixis eqimebma dasves. mTavrobas ar
warmoudgenia alternatiuli samedicino daskvna da, nebismier SemTxvevaSi,
aRniSnuli diagnozi SemdgomSic dadasturda 2005 wlis 28 oqtombris
sasamarTlo-samedicino eqspertizis daskvniT da 2005 wlis 20 seqtembrisa da 15
noembris
fsiqiatriuli
eqspertizis
daskvnebiT,
romlebic
erovnulma
sasamarTlom daniSna (ix. paragrafebi 21-22 zemoT).
108. garda amisa, Tavis travmis gverdiT, ganmcxadebels sxva dazianebebic
gaaCnda. cixis saavadmyofos samedicino Canawerebis Tanaxmad, mas aseve
Tirkmelebic awuxebda, xolo Sardi mowiTalo feris hqonda (ix. paragrafebi 1516 zemoT). mTavrobam ver daadastura, rom es dazianebebi 2005 wlis 20 maiss
Cadenili sastiki mopyrobis Sedegi ar iyo.
109. sasamarTlos azriT, gadamwyveti mniSvneloba ar aqvs imas, rom
ganmcxadebels
sxeulze
SeSupebebi
an
sxva
xiluli
dazianebebi
ar
aReniSneboda. sasamarTlosTvis kargadaa cnobili, rom arsebobs Zalis
gamoyenebis iseTi meTodebi, romlebic dazaralebulis sxeulze aranair kvals
ar tovebs.
111. mis winaSe warmodgenili yvela masalis safuZvelze, sasamarTlo askvnis,
rom mTavrobam saTanadod ver daamtkica, rom ganmcxadebelis dazianebebi
policiaSi
patimrobisas
arasaTanado
mopyrobiT
gamowveuli
ar
iyo.
Sesabamisad,
adgili
aqvs
konvenciis
me-3
muxlis
darRvevas,
radgan
ganmcxadebeli araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas dauqvemdebares.
© interights 2007
5.4.
5.4.1.
5.4.1.1.
saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba
negatiuri valdebulebebi
saxelmwifos uSualo kontrolis qveS
159. [...] warmoudgenelia, rom xelisuflebis umaRlesma organoebma ar icodnen an
ar unda codnodaT aseTi praqtikis arsebobis Sesaxeb. garda amisa, konvenciis
Tanaxmad, es organoebi pasuxs ageben maTi qveSevrdomebis qmedebebze; isini
valdebulni arian, maT daqvemdebarebaSi myofebi aiZulon, daemorCilon TavianT
nebas da mudmivi kontrolis qveS unda hyavdeT isini.
5.4.2. sadavo/okupirebuli teritoria
ilaSku da sxvebi ruseTisa da moldoveTis winaaRmdeg
311. pirveli muxlidan gamomdinareobs, rom wevri saxelmwifoebi pasuxs ageben
konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis nebismier
darRvevaze, romelic Cadenilia maTi “iurisdiqciis” qveS myofi pirebis mimarT.
...
iurisdiqciis ganxorcileba aucilebeli pirobaa imisaTvis, rom xelSemkvrelma
saxelmwifom pasuxi agos misTvis Seracxuli moqmedebebis an umoqmedobebisTvis,
romlebic konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis
darRvevis winapiroba SeiZleba gaxdnen.
es valdebulebebi ZalaSi rCeba maSinac, rodesac saxelmwifo xelisuflebis
ganxorcieleba SezRudulia misi teritoriis nawilSi; am SemTxvevaSi
saxelmwifo valdebulia miiRos yvela SesaZlo Sesabamisi zoma.
...
saerTaSoriso samarTlis Sesabamisi principebis mixedviT, saxelmwifos
pasuxismgebloba SeiZleba maSinac dadges, rodesac is, kanonieri Tu ukanono
samxedro moqmedebebis Sedegad, praqtikulad axorcielebs misi erovnuli
teritoriis gareT arsebuli sivrcis efeqtur kontrols. aseT teritoriaze
konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebis dacvis valdebuleba TviT aseTi
kontrolis faqtidan gamomdinareobs, miuxedavad imisa, es kontroli uSualod
misi
samxedro
Zalebis
Tu
misdami
daqvemdebarebuli
adgilobrivi
administraciis meSveobiT xorcieldeba (iqve).
...
316. Tu xelSemkvreli saxelmwifo misi erovnuli teritoriis gareT arsebul
sivrcezec axorcielebs kontrols, misi pasuxismgebloba gakontrolebul
teritoriaze mxolod sakuTari samxedro mosamsaxureebis an saxelmwifo
moxeleebis
moqmedebebze
ki
ara,
aramed
adgilobrivi
administraciis
moqmedebebzec vrceldeba, romelic aRniSnuli saxelmwifos samxedro da sxva
mxardaWeris ZaliT arsebobs (ix. zemoaRniSnuli kviprosi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg,
paragrafi 77).
317. saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba SeiZleba dadges aseve im qmedebebze,
romlebic sakmaris zegavlenas axdenen konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebul uflebebze,
Tundac aseTi zemoqmedebis Sedegebi saxelmwifos iurisdiqciis gareT
© interights 2007
gamovlindes. amdenad, rodesac saqme exeba arawevr saxelmwifoSi eqstradicias,
sasamarTlos naTqvami aqvs, rom xelmSemkvreli saxelmwifo daarRvevs
konvenciis preambulaSi asaxul konvenciis fuZemdeblur Rirebulebebs –
“politikuri tradiciebis, idealebis, Tavisuflebisa da samarTlis uzenaesobis
saerTo memkvidroebas”, Tu igi Semoxiznul pirs Segnebulad gadascems sxva
saxelmwifos, sadac arsebobs mniSvnelovani safuZveli varaudisTvis, rom am
pirs wamebis an arahumanuri an damamcirebeli mopyrobis an dasjis realuri
safrTxe daemuqreba (ix. sioringi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, 1989 wlis
7 ivlisis gadawyvetileba, Series A, # 161, gv. 35, paragrafebi 88-91).
...
319. saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba SeiZleba dadges im SemTxvevaSic, rodesac
misi warmomadgenlebi moqmedeben uflebamosilebis gadametebiT an miTiTebebis
sawinaaRmdegod.
konvenciis
Tanaxmad,
saxelmwifo
organoebi
mkacrad
pasuxismgebelni arian maT qveSevrdomTa qmedebebze, valdebulni arian,
daimorCilon da mudmivi kontrolis qveS iyolion isini (ix. irlandia
gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, 1978 wlis 18 ianvris gadawyvetileba, Series A
# 25, gv. 64, paragrafi 159; ix. agreTve, saerTaSoriso samarTlis komisiis mier
SemuSavebuli,
saerTaSoriso
samarTaldarRvevebis
gamo
saxelmwifoTa
pasuxismgeblobis Sesaxeb muxlebis proeqti, me-7 muxli (“saerTaSoriso
samarTlis komisiis Sromebi”), gv. 104, da kairos saqme, romelic ganixila
saerTo saCivrebis komisiam, 1929w., Reports of International Arbitral Awards 5 (RIAA), gv.
516).
5.4.3
gaZevebis an eqstradiciisas me-3 muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis gamoyeneba
sioringi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1989w.), paragrafi 88
88. [...] marTalia, specialuri xelSekrulebiT detalurad unda gaiweros wamebis
akrZalvidan gamomdinare specifiuri valdebulebebi, rac sulac ar niSnavs,
rom msgavsi valdebuleba evropis konvenciis me-3 muxliT zogadi saxiT araa
gansazRvruli. xelmSemkvreli saxelmwifo daarRvevs konvenciis preambulaSi
asaxul konvenciis fuZemdeblur Rirebulebebs – “politikuri tradiciebis,
idealebis, Tavisuflebisa da samarTlis uzenaesobis saerTo memkvidroebas”, Tu
igi Semoxiznul pirs Segnebulad gadascems sxva saxelmwifos, sadac arsebobs
mniSvnelovani safuZveli varaudisTvis, rom am pirs wamebis an arahumanuri an
damamcirebeli mopyrobis an dasjis realuri safrTxe daemuqreba. am
SemTxvevaSi, mniSvneloba ar aqvs piris mier Cadenili danaSaulis simZimes. aseT
pirobebSi piris eqstradicia aucileblad CaiTvleba me-3 muxlis Sinaarsisa da
moTxovnebis darRvevad. sasamarTlos azriT, piris gauZevlobis Taobaze
valdebuleba vrceldeba im SemTxvevebzec, rodesac Semoxiznul pirs mimReb
saxelmwifoSi emuqreba me-3 muxliT akrZaluli araadamianuri an Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyrobis an dasjis realuri safrTxe.
saidi niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (2005w.), paragrafebi 46, 47, 48,49
© interights 2007
46. sasamarTlo imTaviTve aRniSnavs, rom xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoebs,
damkvidrebuli saerTaSoriso samarTlis ZaliT da maTi saerTaSorisosaxelSekrulebo valdebulebebis – maT Soris konvenciis – gaTvaliswinebiT,
ufleba aqvT TavianT teritoriaze ucxoelebis Sesvlis, cxovrebisa da
gaZevebis pirobebi akontrolon. magram, ucxoelis gaZevebam SeiZleba me-3 muxli
daarRvios da Sesabamisad, gamoiwvios am saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba
konvenciis safuZvelze, Tu arsebobs mniSvnelovani varaudi, rom deportaciis
Sedegad pirs mimReb qveyanaSi me-3 muxlis sawinaaRmdego mopyrobis realuri
safrTxe daemuqreba. am garemoebebSi, me-3 muxli gulisxmobs saxelmwifos
valdebulebas, pirovneba mimReb qveyanas ar gadasces (ix., sxva gadawyvetilebebs
Soris, 1997 wlis 29 aprilis gadawyvetileba saqmeze h.l.r. safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg, gadawyvetilebaTa da ganaCenTa angariSebi 1997-III, gv. 757,
paragrafebi 33-34).
48. sastiki mopyrobis savaraudo safrTxis arseboba unda Sefasdes im faqtebze
dayrdnobiT, romelTa Sesaxebac icoda an unda codnoda xelSemkvrel
saxelmwifos
gaZevebis
momentisTvis,
ramdenadac
saxelmwifoTa
pasuxismgeblobis xarisxi damokidebulia pirovnebis mosalodneli arasaTanado
(ix. zemoT miTiTebuli vilvaraja da sxvebi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg,
1991 wlis 30 oqtomberi, Series A # 215, gv. 36, paragrafi 107 da h.l.r. safrangeTis
winaaRmdeg, gv. 758, paragrafi 37). mocemul saqmeze, mniSvnelovani faqtoria
sasamarTlos mier saqmis ganxilva ganmcxadeblis gaZevebamde. marTalia,
istoriuli situacia ar aris interesmoklebuli, radgan misi saSualebiT
SeiZleba naTeli moefinos dRevandel mdgomareobasa da mis Semdgom
ganviTarebasac,
magram
amJamad
gadamwyvetia
dRevandeli
situacia
da,
Sesabamisad, aucilebelia im informaciis mxedvelobaSi miReba, romelic
cnobili
gaxda
organoebis
mier
saboloo
gadawyvetilebis miRebis Semdgom (ix. 1996 wlis 15 noembris gadawyvetileba
saqmeze Caxali gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, gv. 1856 da 1859, paragrafebi
86 da 97, angariSebi 1996-V da h.l.r. safrangeTis winaaRmdeg).
49. sasamarTlo saqmes ganixilavs mis xelT arsebuli da, saWiroebis
SemTxvevaSi, sakuTari iniciativiT Segrovili masalebis safuZvelze, imis
dasadgenad, rom eriTreaSi gaZevebis SemTxvevaSi emuqreba Tu ara ganmcxadebels
me-3 muxliT akrZaluli mopyrobis realuri safrTxe. am konteqstSi,
sasamarTlom aRiara, rom dokumenturi mtkicebulebebis mopoveba, romelic
adasturebs warmoSObis qveynis dainteresebas ganmcxadeblisadmi, SeiZleba
sakmaod rTuli iyos (ix. 1998 wlis 19 Tebervlis gadawyvetileba saqmeze
bahadari niderlandebis winaaRmdeg, angariSebi 1998-I, gv. 263, paragrafi 45).
Tumca,
ganmcxadeblebs
evalebaT
maqsimalurad
daamtkicon
Sesabamisi
masalebisa da informaciis wardgeniT, rom maTi gaZevebiT me-3 muxli dairRveva,
raTa xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos organoebma da sasamarTlom SeZlon gaZevebis
SemTxvevaSi arsebuli safrTxis Sefaseba.
n. fineTis winaaRmdeg (2005w.), paragrafi 160
© interights 2007
160. sasamarTlom srulad da zedmiwevniT unda gamoikvlios me-3 muxliT
akrZaluli mopyrobis safrTxis realurad arsebobis faqti aRniSnuli normis
absoluturi xasiaTidan gamomdinare da gaiTvaliswinos is faqti, rom masSi
asaxulia
evropis
sabWos
Semadgeneli
demokratiuli
sazogadoebebis
fundamenturi Rirebulebebi. sasamarTlo saqmes ganixilavs mis xelT arsebuli
da, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, sakuTari iniciativiT mopovebuli masalebis
safuZvelze, imis dadgenisas, ramdenad realurad arsebobs me-3 muxliT
akrZaluli qmedebis gamoyenebis saSiSroeba. (iqve, gv. 1859, paragrafebi 96-97).
safrTxis arsebobis Sefaseba unda moxdes sasamarTlos mier saqmis ganxilvis
momentisTvis arsebuli pirobebis Sesaxeb informaciis safuZvelze, xolo adre
arsebuli
mdgomareoba
unda
gaiTvaliswinon
imdenad,
ramdenadac
igi
zemoqmedebs dRevandel situaciaze da momavalSi movlenebis ganviTarebaze
(iqve, gv. 1856, paragrafi 86).
jabari TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2000w.), paragrafebi 39-40
39. sasamarTlo aseve SeniSnavs, rom radgan me-3 muxlSi asaxulia demokratiuli
sazogadoebis erT-erTi fuZemdebluri Rirebuleba da igi absoluturad
krZalavs wamebas an araadamianur an damamcirebel mopyrobas an dasjas,
aucilebelia zedmiwevniT imsjelon piris gancxadebaze imis Sesaxeb, rom mesame
qveyanaSi deportaciis SemTxvevaSi igi me-3 muxliT akrZalul mopyrobas
daeqvemdebareba.
40. sasamarTlos SexedulebiT, mopasuxe saxelmwifos xelisuflebas ar
Seuswavlia ganmcxadeblis gancxadeba, maT Soris, misi safuZvlianoba. rogorc
Cans, TavSesafris miniWebis Sesaxeb debulebiT dadgenili gancxadebis
wardgenis xuTdRiani vadis darRvevis Sedegad, iranSi gaZevebis gamo arsebuli
saSiSroebis damadasturebeli faqtobrivi garemoebebi saerTod ar ganxilula
(ix, zemoT paragrafi 16). sasamarTlos azriT, TavSesafris miniWebis Sesaxeb
gancxadebis SetanisTvis dawesebuli am mokle vadis avtomaturi da meqanikuri
gamoyeneba unda CaiTvalos konvenciis me-3 muxlSi asaxuli fundamenturi
Rirebulebis
sawinaaRmdegod.
mxolod
gaeros
ltolvilTa
umaRlesi
komisariatis
warmomadgnelobam
gamokiTxa
ganmcxadebels
TavSesafris
moTxovnis safuZvlebTan dakavSirebiT da Seafasa is safrTxe, romelic mas
emuqreboda misTvis bralad wayenebuli danaSaulis xasiaTis gaTvaliswinebiT.
qalaq
ankaras
administraciuli
sasamarTlo,
ganmcxadeblis
saCivris
ganxilvisas, Semoifargla mxolod ganmcxadeblis deportaciis formaluri
sakiTxis garkveviT; mas ar Seuswavlia gacilebiT mniSvnelovani problema _
ganmcxadeblis SiSis safuZvlebi. Tumca, ganmcxadebels gaaCnda zedmetad
dasabuTebuli pretenzia imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom misi warmoSobis qveyanaSi
dabrunebisTanave mas realuri safrTxe emuqreboda.
h.l.r. safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (1997w.), paragrafi 40
© interights 2007
40. me-3 muxliT garantirebuli uflebis absoluturi xasiaTidan gamomdinare,
sasamarTlo ar gamoricxavs SesaZleblobas, rom konvenciis me-3 muxlis
moqmedeba gavrceldes im SemTxvevaSic, rodesac safrTxe momdinareobs kerZo
pirebisgan an pirTa jgufebisgan. magram, amisaTvis unda damtkicdes, rom
arsebobs realuri safrTxe da rom mimRebi saxelmwifos xelisuflebas ar
Seswevs unari aRmofxvras safrTxe adekvaturi dacvis uzrunvelyofis gziT.
d. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, paragrafebi 49-50
49. marTalia, rom es principi sasamarTlos mier dRemde gamoiyeneboda im
SemTxvevebSi, rodesac piris winaaRmdeg arasaTanado mopyrobis akrZaluli
formebis gamoyenebis safrTxe mimRebi qveynis saxelmwifo organoebis ganzraxi
qmedebebidan an amave qveyanaSi kerZo pirebisgan momdinareobda, maSin rodesac
saxelmwifo organoebi pirs saTanado dacviT ver uzurnvelyofdnen. konvenciis
sistemaSi
me-3
muxlis
fuZemdebluri
mniSvnelobis
gaTvaliswinebiT,
sasamarTlo uflebas itovebs, sxva SemTxvevebSic gamoiyenos aRniSnuli muxli.
amitom, sasamarTlo uflebamosilia damatebiT gadasinjos ganmcxadeblis mier
me-3 muxlis safuZvelze dayenebuli saCivari, rodesac akrZaluli mopyrobis
safrTxe mimReb qveyanaSi momdinareobs iseTi faqtorebidan, romlebic rogorc
pirdapir ise iribad ar iwveven am qveynis xelisuflebis organoebis
pasuxismgeblobas an, calke aRebuli, TavisTavad, ar arRveven am muxliT
dadgenil standartebs. me-3 muxlis gamoyenebis SezRudva mniSvnelovnad
xelyofda mis mier gaTvaliswinebuli dacvis absolutur xasiaTs. Tumca, yvela
msgavsi SemTxvevis dros, sasamarTlom saqmis yvela garemoeba, gansakuTrebiT ki,
gamZevebel saxelmwifoSi ganmcxadeblis mdgomareoba, Zalze guldasmiT unda
Seafasos.
50. zemoaRniSnulis safuZvelze, sasamarTlo daadgens, arsebobs Tu ara
realuri safrTxe imisa, rom ganmcxadeblis gaZeveba misi amJamindeli
janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT me-3 muxlis sawinaaRmdego iqneba.
amasTan, sasamarTlo safrTxes Seafasebs mis winaSe saqmis ganxilvis droisTvis
warmodgenili masalebis, maT Soris, misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb
bolo informaciis safuZvelze.
baderi da sxvebi SvedeTis winaaRmdeg (2005w.), paragrafebi 46-47
46. sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom pirvel ganmcxadebels dasabuTebuli SiSi aqvs
imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom mis samSobloSi iZulebiT dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi
sisruleSi moiyvanen mis winaaRmdeg gamotanil sikvdilis ganaCens. metic,
radgan am sasjelis aRsruleba xorcieldeba sazogadoebis kontrolisa da
misdami
angariSvaldebulebis
gareSe,
aRsrulebasTan
dakavSirebuli
garemoebebi gardauvlad gamoiwvevs pirvel ganmcxadebelSi mniSvnelovan SiSsa
da tanjvas; yvela ganmcxadebeli aRmoCndeba autanel gaurkvevlobaSi imasTan
dakavSirebiT, Tu rodis, sad da rogor moxdeba sasjelis aRsruleba.
47. [...] siriaSi gamotanili sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebidan irkveva, rom
sasamarTlo sxdomaze zepiri Cvenebebi ar mousmeniaT, gamoikvlies mxolod
prokuroris mier wardgenili mtkicebulebebi, arc braldebuli da arc misi
© interights 2007
advokati sxdomas ar eswrebodnen. sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom gadawyvetilebis
martivad gamotanisa da dacvis mxaris uflebebis totaluri ugulebelyofis
fonze,
warmoeba
samarTliani
sasamarTlos
ugulebelyofad unda CaiTvalos. bunebrivia, es ganmcxadeblebSi iwvevs
damatebiTi gaurkvevlobisa da tanjvis
mniSvnelovan xarisxs
siriaSi
damatebiTi warmoebis SesaZlo SedegebTan dakavSirebiT.
zemoaRniSnulis
safuZvelze,
sasamarTlos
miaCnia,
rom
ukanono
marTlmsajulebis
safuZvelze
pirveli
ganmcxadeblisTvis
Sefardebuli
sikvdiliT dasja ganmcxadeblebSi damatebiT SiSsa da tanjvas maT momavalTan
dakavSirebiT aucileblad gamoiwvevda, maTi siriaSi iZulebiT dabrunebis
SemTxvevaSi, radgan arsebobs realuri perspeqtiva am qveyanaSi sasjelis
aRsrulebisa.
axmedi avstriis winaaRmdeg (1996w.)
41. ... Sesabamisi piris qmedeba misi saSiSi xasiaTis miuxedavad gadamwyveti
mniSvnelobis ar iqneba. amdenad, me-3 muxliT miniWebuli dacva ufro farToa,
vidre ltolvilTa statusis Sesaxeb 1951 wlis konvenciis 33-e muxliT
miniWebuli dacva (ix. zemoT paragrafi 24 da zemoxsenebuli gadawyvetileba
Caxalis saqmeze, gv. 1855, paragrafi 80).
5.4.4. pozitiuri valdebulebebi
5.4.4.1. zogadi valdebulebebi
a. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1998w.), paragrafi 22
22. dasadgenia, SeiZleba Tu ara saxelmwifos daekisros pasuxismgeloba me-3
muxlis safuZvelze imis gamo, rom ganmcxadebeli misma maminacvalma cema.
sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom konvenciis pirveli muxliT, maRal xelSemkvrel
saxelmwifoebze dakisrebuli valdebuleba, daicvan maTi iurisdiqciaSi myofi
yvela piris konvenciiT gansazRvruli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, me-3
muxlTan erTobliobaSi, saxelmwifosgan moiTxovs iseTi zomebis miRebas,
romlebic uzrunvelyofs maT iurisdiqciaSi myofi pirebis dacvas wamebis an
araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobisgan an dasjisgan, kerZo pirebis
mier administrirebuli arasaTanado mopyrobis CaTvliT. gansakuTrebiT bavSvebi
da sxva daucvel pirebi sargebloben saxelmwifos mxridan efeqturi
RonisZiebebis gaterebis gziT piradi xelSeuxeblobis dacvis uflebiT.
z. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (2001w.), paragrafi 73
73. sasamarTlo ganmeorebiT ganmartavs, rom me-3 muxli asaxavs demokratiuli
sazogadoebis erT-erT yvelaze fundamentur princips. igi absuluturad
krZalavs wamebas an araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas an dasjas.
konvenciis pirveli muxliT, maRal xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoebze dakisrebuli
valdebuleba, maT iurisdiqciaSi myofi yvela piri uzrunvelyon konvenciiT
gansazRvruli uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT, me-3 muxlTan erTobliobaSi,
saxelmwifosgan moiTxovs iseTi zomebis miRebas, romlebic uzrunvelyofs maT
© interights 2007
iurisdiqciaSi myofi pirebis dacvas wamebis an araadamianuri an Rirsebis
Semlaxavi mopyrobisgan an dasjisgan, kerZo pirebis mier administrirebuli
arasaTanado
mopyrobis
CaTvliT.
es
zomebi
gansakuTrebiT
unda
uzrunvelyofdes bavSvebis da sxva daucveli pirebis efeqtur dacvas da
gonivrul RonisZiebebis miRebiT, mimarTuli unda iyos im arasaTanado
mopyrobis aRsakveTad, romlis Sesaxebac icoda an unda scodnoda saxelmwifo
organoebs.
5.4.4.2 efeqturi samarTlebrivi bazis uzrunvelyofis valdebuleba
m.s. bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (2003w.), paragrafebi 149-153, 186-187
(a) gaupatiurebis dasjis da gaupatiurebis saqmeTa gamoZiebis pozitiuri
valdebulebis arseboba
150. me-8 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli piradi cxovrebis pativiscemis ufleba Tavis
TavSi
moicavs
pozitiur
valdebulebebs;
es
valdebulebebi
SeiZleba
gulisxmobdes uSualod pirebs Soris urTierTobis regulirebasac. marTalia,
saxelmwifos diskreciuli uflebamosileba gaaCnia, uzrunvelyos me-8 muxlis
moTxovnebis Sesruleba pirTa qmedebebisgan dacvis sferoSi, magram iseTi mZime
qmedebebis efeqturi aRkveTa, rogoricaa, gaupatiureba, rodesac safrTxe eqmneba
fundamentur Rirebulebebs da piradi cxovrebis arsebiT aspeqtebs, moiTxovs
efeqturi sisxlis kanonmdeblobis arsebobas. bavSvebi da sxva daucveli pirebi
sargebloben efeqturi dacvis uflebiT.
151. zog SemTxvevaSi konvenciis me-3 muxli warmoSobs oficialuri gamoZiebis
Catarebis valdebulebas. gamoZiebis Catarebis valdebuleba mxolod maSin rodi
warmoiSoba, rodesac arasaTanado mopyroba saxelmwifos warmomadgenlebmisgan
momdinareobs.
153. zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom saxelmwifoebs
dakisrebuli aqvT me-3 da me-8 muxlebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli valdebuleba,
SemoiRon sisxlis samarTlis iseTi normebi, romlebic saSualebas iZleva
efeqturad daisajos gaupatiurebis danaSauli da gaataron es normebi
praqtikaSi efeqturi gamoZiebisa da sisxlis samarTlebrivi devnis warmoebis
gziT.
181. rac Seexeba mTavrobis arguments, rom misi Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi sistema
iZleoda damnaSaveTa winaaRmdeg samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis aRZvris
SesaZleblobas,
sasamarTlo
SeniSnavs,
rom
mTavrobas
es
argumenti
dasabuTebulad ar warmoudgenia. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, rogorc zemoT
aRiniSna, gaupatiurebisa da seqsualuri danaSaulis winaaRmdeg efeqturi dacva
moiTxovs sisxlis samarTlebrivi xasiaTis RonisZiebebis gatarebas.
187. amdenad, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom mocemul saqmeze mopasuxe saxelmwifos
mier darRveulia masze konvenciis me-3 da me-8 muxlebiT dakisrebuli
pozitiuri valdebulebebi.
5.4.5 proceduruli moTxovnebi
© interights 2007
asenovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (1998w.), paragrafi 102
102. sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom rodesac piri ayenebs dasabuTebul saCivars, rom
policiis an saxelmwifo samsaxurebis sxva warmomadgenlebi mas sastikad da
ukanonod moepyrnen, riTac dairRva me-3 muxli, aRniSnuli debuleba pirveli
muxliT dadgenil saxelmwifos zogad valdebulebasTan erTad saxelmwifos
avalebs “daicvas mis iurisdiqciaSi myofi yvela piris ... konvenciiT
gansazRvruli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi”, rac efeqturi gamoZiebis Catarebas
gulisxmobs. am gamoZiebis Sedegad, me-2 muxlis moTxovnaTa msgavsad, unda
dadgindes da daisajon danaSaulze pasuxismgebeli pirebi. winaaRmdeg
SemTxvevaSi, wamebis da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an
dasjis zogad samarTlebriv akrZalvas, efeqturi praqtikuli Sedegi ar eqneba
da saxelmwifo moxeleebs, rig SemTxvevebSi, SeeZlebaT maTi xelisuflebis qveS
myofi pirebis uflebebis Selaxva sruliad dausjelad.
ilhani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2000w.), paragrafi 91-92
91. procesualurma valdebulebebma sxvadasxva formiT hpoves konvenciaSi
asaxva, imisaTvis rom konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebi Teoriuli da
iluzoruli ki ar yofiliyo, aramed - praqtikuli da efeqturi. swored am
mizeziT, me-2 muxlSi, romliTac sicocxlis uflebaa garantirebuli, moiazreba
saxelmwifos valdebuleba, efeqturad gamoiZios saxelmwifos uSiSroebis
samsaxurebis mier gamowveuli sikvdilis garemoebebi. Tumca, es norma Seicavs
pirdapir moTxovnas, rom sicocxlis ufleba iyos “ kanoniT daculi ”. am
SemTxvevaSi,
saxelmwifom
unda
gamoavlinos
daintereseba
sikvdilis
garemoebebis dasadgenad, romlebic, rogorc wesi, mxolod saxelmwifo
moxeleebisTvisaa cnobili.
92. aRniSnulisgan gansxvavebiT, me-3 muxlis Sinaarsi materialur-samarTlebrivi
xasiaTisaa. amasTan, marTalia, am normis savaraudo darRvevis msxverpli
SeiZleba daucvel mdgomareobaSi ki iyos, magram misi mdgomareobis praqtikuli
mxareebi SeiZleba mainc gansxvavdebodes sasikvdilo Zalis gamoyenebiT an
saeWvo mdgomareobaSi gardacvalebis SemTxvevebisgan. sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom
konvenciis efeqturi dacvis saSualebebiT uzrunvelyofis Taobaze me-13 muxlis
moTxovna, rodesac pirs gaaCnia mis mimarT me-3 muxlis darRvevis Sesaxeb
dasabuTebuli
pretenzia,
niSnavs
rogorc
ganmcxadeblisTvis
zianis
anazRaurebis miRebis, ise saxelmwifos moxeleebis arasaTanado qmedebebis
winaaRmdeg
aucilebeli
procesualuri
garantiebiT
sargeblobis
SesaZleblobas. sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTliT dadgenilia, rom am
konteqstSi efeqturi dacvis saSualeba niSnavs iseTi yovelmxrivi da efeqturi
gamoZiebis Catarebas, romlis Sedegadac moxdeba damnaSave pirebis gamovlena da
dasja da uzrunvelyofs momCivans sagamoZiebo moqmedebebze efeqturi
xelmisawvdomobiT. amitom, me-3 muxlis procesualuri darRvevis dafiqsireba
damokidebulia konkretuli saqmis garemoebebze.
© interights 2007
valasinasi litvis winaaRmdeg (2001w.), paragrafi 122
122. […] me-3 muxli gansazRvravs piris uflebas “arasaTanado mopyrobis Taobaze
sarwmuno gancxadebebis” adekvatur Sidasaxelmwifoebriv gamoZiebaze, romelic
Sedegad gamoiRebs am mopyrobaze “pasuxismgebeli pirebis gamovlenasa da
dasjas”.
[...] sasamarTlom daafiqsira me-3 muxlis darRveva im safuZvliT, rom
xelisuflebam ar gamoiZia gancxadeba me-3 muxlis savaraudo darRvevis
Taobaze.
xaSievi da akaeva ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2005w.), paragrafebi 177-180
177. procesualurma valdebulebebma sxvadasxva formiT hpoves konvenciaSi
asaxva, imisaTvis rom konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebi Teoriuli da
iluzoruli ki ar yofiliyo, aramed - praqtikuli da efeqturi. rig
gadawyvetilebebSi sasamarTlom daadgina, rom rodesac piri akeTebs sarwmuno
gancxadebas, rom policiis an saxelmwifo samsaxurebis sxva warmomadgenlebi
mas me-3 muxlis darRveviT moepyrnen, aRniSnuli debuleba pirveli muxliT
dadgenil saxelmwifos zogad valdebulebasTan erTobliobaSi avalebs
saxelmwifos “daicvas mis iurisdiqciaSi myofi yvela piris ... konvenciiT
gansazRvruli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi”, rac efeqturi oficialuri
gamoZiebis Catarebasac gulisxmobs. me-2 muxlis msgavsad, gamoZieba miznad unda
isaxavdes
pasuxismgebeli
pirebis
gamovlenasa
da
dasjas.
winaaRmdeg
SemTxvevaSi, wamebis da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis an
dasjis zogad samarTlebriv akrZalvas efeqturi praqtikuli Sedegi ar eqneba
da saxelmwifo moxeleebs, rig SemTxvevebSi, SeeZlebaT maTi xelisuflebis qveS
myofi pirebis uflebebis Selaxva sruliad dausjelad.
178. me-3 muxlis procesualuri valdebulebebi maSin amoqmeddeba, rodesac
sasamarTlo ver daaskvnis, hqonda Tu ara adgili konvenciis me-3 muxliT
akrZalul qmedebas; aRniSnulis mizezi ki is aris, rom xelisuflebis
organoebma saCivarze efeqturi reagireba droulad ar moaxdines.
179. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom xelisuflebis organoebma Caatares garkveuli
gamoZieba ganmcxadeblebis saCivrebze imis Taobaze, rom sikvdilamde maTi
naTesavebi awames da dauqvemdebares arahumanur mopyrobas. magram gvamis
gamokvleva ar CautarebiaT da aranairi sasamarTlo-samedicino eqspertis
daskvna ar momzadebula, ris Sedegadac sikvdilis konkretuli xasiaTi da
garemoebebi daudgeneli darCa. SesaZlo mowmeebi [...] da SemTxvevis dros iq
dislocirebuli samxedro nawilebis mosamsaxureebi ar gamouvleniaT da
daukiTxiaT, ramac aseve SeuSala xeli arasaTanado mopyrobis konkretuli
mtkicebulebebis gamovlenas da pasuxismgebeli pirebis dadgenasa da dasjas.
gamoZiebis efeqturobasTan dakavSirebiT gakeTebuli daskvnebis (ix. zemoT
paragrafebi 156-166) gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo ver darwmunda, rom
Catarebuli gamoZieba iyo sakmarisad yovelmxrivi da efeqturi imisaTvis, rom
daekmayofilebina me-3 muxlis zemoaRniSnuli moTxovnebi.
180. zemoaRniSnuli garemoebebis safuZvelze da imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom
ganmcxadeblebis dasabuTebuli saCivrebis yovelmxrivi da efeqturi gamoZieba
ar Catarebula, rom daedginaT maTi naTesavebis mimarT me-3 muxliT akrZaluli
© interights 2007
qmedebis gamoyenebis faqti, sasamarTlo ar iziarebs mTavrobis winaswar
arguments Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi dacvis saSualebebis amouwurvelobis Sesaxeb;
Sesabamisad, adgens, rom adgili aqvs konvenciis me-3 muxlis procesualuri
moTxovnebis darRvevas.
ognianova da Cobani bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (2006w.)
105. gamoZieba efeqturi unda iyos im gagebiTac, rom man Sedegad unda gamoiRos
pasuxismgebeli
pirebis
gamovlena
da
dasja.
aRniSnuli
valdebuleba
gulisxmobs
gamoZiebis
kanonieri
meTodebiT
Catarebas.
xelisuflebis
organoebs
unda
mieRoT
qmediTi
zomebi
saqmesTan
dakavSirebuli
mtkicebulebebis
mosapoveblad,
maT
Soris,
TviTmxilvelTa
Cvenebebis,
sasamarTlo-samedicino eqspertizis daskvnis da, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, gvamis
gamokvlevis Sedegebis mosapoveblad, romelic iZleva janmrTelobis dazianebis
da sikvdilis mizezebis Sesaxeb samedicino daskvnebis obieqturi Sefasebis
SesaZleblobas. gamoZiebis nebismieri nakli, romelic xels ar uwyobs
sikvdilis mizezis an pasuxismgebeli piris dadgenas, SeiZleba CaiTvalos am
standartis sawinaaRmdegod (ix. zemoxsenebuli gadawyvetileba angelovas
saqmeze, paragrafebi 136-139, sadac miTiTebulia sxva saqmeebic).
106. garda amisa, gamoZiebis mimarT dayenebulia moTxovnebia, misi drouli da
gonivruli
siswrafiT
Catareba,
romlis
drosac
gasaTvalisiwnebelia
garkveuli
gamoZiebis
mimdinareobisas
mosalodneli
barierebisa
an
sirTuleebis gamovlena.
magram sasikvdilo
Zalis gamoyenebis faqtze
xelisuflebis mier swrafi gamoZiebis Catareba, SeiZleba iTqvas, arsebiTi
mniSvnelobisaa imisaTvis, rom xelisuflebam SeinarCunos sazogadoebis ndoba
imis Taobaze, rom rom is zedmiwevniT icavs kanonis uzenaesobis princips,
Tavidan unda aicilos Tavis Tavis iseTi warmoCena, TiTqos is monawilobs
ukanono qmedebebSi an ar reagirebs maTze (ix. makkeri gaerTianebuli samefos
winaaRmdeg, # 28883/95, paragrafi 114, ECHR 2001-III, sadac miTiTebulia sxva
saqmeebic).
107. amave mizeziT, gamoZiebaze an mis Sedegebze unda xorcieldebodes
sazogadoebrivi dakvirveba garkveuli zomiT imisaTvis, rom SenarCundes
sazogadoebisadmi angariSvaldebuleba, rogorc praqtikaSi, ise TeoriaSi;
Sedegad, xelisuflebam unda SeinarCunos sazogadoebis ndoba imis Taobaze,
rom is zedmiwevniT icavs kanonis uzenaesobis princips, Tavidan unda aicilos
Tavis Tavis iseTi warmoCena, TiTqos is ukanono qmedebebSi monawilobs an ar
reagirebs aseT qmedebebze. sazogadoebrivi dakvirvebis saWiro zoma SeiZleba
gansxvavdebodes
sxvadasxva
SemTxvevaSi.
magram
yvela
SemTxvevaSi
dazaralebulis uaxloesi naTesavebi CarTulni unda iyvnen procesSi im zomiT,
rac aucilebelia dazaralebulis marTlzomieri interesebis dasacavad (iqve,
paragrafi 115; agreTve zemoxsenebuli gadawyvetileba angelovas saqmeze, sadac
miTiTebulia sxva saqmeebic).
5.5.
me-3 muxlis darRvevis tipiuri SemTxvevebi
5.5.1. dakaveba
5.5.1.1. dakavebulTa mimarT fizikuri Zalis gamoyeneba
© interights 2007
120. [...] TavisuflebaSezRuduli piris SemTxvevaSi, nebismieri fizikuri Zalis
gamoyeneba, romelic mkacrad aucilebeli ar aris dakavebulis saqcielidan
gamomdinare, amcirebs mis adamianur Rirsebas da, principSi, warmoadgens me-3
muxlis darRvevas.
5.5.1.2. dakavebis zogadi pirobebi
dugozi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg (2001w.), paragrafi 46
46. sasamarTlos azriT, dakavebis pirobebi zog SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba
gautoldes araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas. saberZneTis saqmeze
komisiam me-3 muxli darRveulad miiCnia, vinaidan saxeze iyo: araadekvaturi
gaTboba, sanitaria, sakvebi, dasveneba da gare samyarosTan kavSiris ararseboba.
dakavebis pirobebis Sefasebisas, mxedvelobaSis misaRebi am pirobebis
kumulaciuri efeqtebi, agreTve ganmcxadeblis mier gamoTqmuli konkretuli
saCivrebi.
kalaSnikovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2002w.), paragrafi 95
95. [...] piris Tavisuflebis aRkveTis RonisZiebebi xSirad SeiZleba moicavdes am
elements. Tumca, ar SeiZleba iTqvas, rom winaswari patimroba TavisTavad
wamoWris sakiTxs konvenciis me-3 muxlidan gamomdinare. aRniSnuli muxli arc
ise unda ganimartos, TiTqos igi awesebdes janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo
piris gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb zogad valdebulebas an valdebulebas, piri
moaTavson samoqalaqo saavadmyofoSi specifiuri samedicino mkurnalobis
Catarebis mizniT.
saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos piris dakaveba iseT pirobebSi, romlebic ar
laxavs mis adamianur Rirsebas, RonisZiebis aRsrulebis forma da meTodi ar
iwvevs masSi iseT sulier tanjvasa da tkivils, romelic scdeba dakavebisTvis
damaxasiaTebeli tanjvis gardauval xarisxs, misTvis xelmisawvdomi unda iyos
patimrobidan gamomdinare praqtikuli moTxovnebi, unda SenarCundes misi
janmrTeloba da keTildReoba. dakavebis pirobebis Sefasebisas, mxedvelobaSia
misaRebi am pirobebis kumulaciuri efeqtebi, agreTve ganmcxadeblis mier
gamoTqmuli konkretuli saCivrebi.
5.5.1.3 samedicino Careva mtkicebulebaTa mopovebis mizniT
jalohi germaniis winaaRmdeg (2006w, GC)
82. saqmis yvela garemoebis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom
gasaCivrebuli RonisZieba aRwevda sisastikis im minimalur dones, rac me-3
muxlis
darRvevas
iwvevs.
xelisuflebis
organoebma
Zlier
Selaxes
ganmcxadeblis fizikuri da fsiqikuri janmrTeloba misi nebis sawinaaRmdegod.
maT ganmcxadebels Rebineba aiZules, ara samkurnalo, aramed mtkicebulebaTa
mopovebis mizniT, romelTa moZieba maT nakleb Zaladobrivi meTodebiTac
SeeZloT. gasaCivrebuli qmedebis ganxorcielebas SeeZlo ganmcxadebelSi SiSis,
© interights 2007
tanjvisa da arasrulfasovnebis iseTi SegrZnebebi gamoewvia, romlebic misi
damcirebisa da pativis Selaxvis tolfasi iyo. garda amisa, es procedura
Seicavda safrTxes ganmcxadeblis janmrTelobisaTvis, maT Soris imis gamo,
rom winaswar saTanado anamnezi ar gakeTebula. marTalia, es ar momxdara
ganzraxviT, magram ganxorcielda imgvarad, rom ganmcxadebels miayena rogorc
fizikuri, ise fsiqologiuri tkivili. aqedan gamomdinare, igi dauqvemdebares
me-3 muxlis sawinaaRmdego araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas.
5.5.1.4 saTanado samedicino daxmarebis ararseboba
ilhani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2000w.), paragrafebi 86-87
86. sasamarTlo eTanxmeba komisiis daskvnas abdulatif ilhanisadmi miyenebul
dazianebebTan dakavSirebiT; kerZod, ganmcxadebels cemdnen da sul cota
erTxel mainc Caartyes TavSi “G3” sistemis SaSxana. amis Sedegad, mas gauCnda
mZime SeSupebebi da ori dazianeba Tavis areSi, ramac gamoiwvia Tavis tvinis
dazianeba da funqciis xangrZlivi nawilobrivi dakargva. Tavis areSi xiluli
dazianebebisa da im aSkara xarvezebis miuxedavad, romelic abdulatif ilhans
siarulisa da laparakis dros etyoboda, misi saavadmyofoSi gadayvana 36
saaTis ganmavlobaSi daagvianes.
87. abdulatif ilhanis mier gancdili arasaTanado mopyrobis sisastikis da
masTan dakavSirebuli garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, maT Soris, rom didi dro
gavida saTanado samedicino daxmarebis miRebamde, sasamarTlo adgens, rom
ganmcxadebeli aris Zalze mZime da sastiki tanjvis msxverpli, rac SeiZleba
daxasiaTdes wamebad.
hercegfalvi avstriis winaaRmdeg (1992w.), paragrafi 82
82. sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom arasrulfasovnebisa da uZlurebis SegrZnebis
gaTvaliswinebiT,
rac
fsiqiatriul
saavadmyofoebSi
moTavsebuli
patimrebisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli, gansakuTrebuli gafrTxilebis gamoCenaa
saWiro
konvenciasTan
Sesabamisobis
sakiTxis
gadawyvetisas.
marTalia,
jandacvis organoebma unda gadawtviton konkretuli samkurnalo meTodis
gamoyenebis sakiTxi da SesaZloa iZulebiTac, im pacientTa fizikuri da
fsiqikuri janmrTelobis dasacavad, romelTac gadawyvetilebis miRebis unari
saerTod ar SeswevT da romlebzec es organoebi arian pasuxismgebelni. aseTi
pacientebi rCebian me-3 muxlis dacvis qveS, romlis moTxovnebidan gadaxveva
dauSvebelia.
aseT SemTxvevebSi, principSi, gadamwyvetia medicinaSi damkvidrebuli principebi;
rogorc wesi, Terapiuli aucileblobiT gamowveuli RonisZieba ar SeiZleba
CaiTvalos araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad. miuxedavad amisa,
sasamarTlo unda darwmundes, rom damajereblad dadasturebulia msgavsi
samedicino Carevis aucilebloba.
kudla poloneTis winaaRmdeg (2000w.), paragrafebi 93-94
93. piris Tavisuflebis aRkveTis RonisZiebebi xSirad SeiZleba moicavdes am
elements. Tumca, ar SeiZleba iTqvas, rom winaswari patimroba TavisTavad
© interights 2007
wamoWris sakiTxs konvenciis me-3 muxlidan gamomdinare. aRniSnuli muxli arc
ise unda ganimartos, TiTqos igi awesebdes janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo
piris gaTavisuflebis an specifiuri samedicino mkurnalobis mizniT misi
samoqalaqo saavadmyofoSi moTavsebis zogad valdebulebas.
94. saxelmwifom unda uzrunvelyos piris iseT pirobebSi dakaveba, romlebic: ar
laxavs mis adamianur Rirsebas, RonisZiebis aRsrulebis forma da meTodi ar
iwvevs masSi iseT sulier tanjvasa da tkivils, romelic scdeba dakavebisTvis
damaxasiaTebeli tanjvis gardauval xarisxs, adekvaturadaa uzrunvelyofili
misi patimrobidan gamomdinare praqtikuli moTxovnebi, SenarCunebulia piris
janmrTeloba da keTildReoba, maT Soris, misTvis saWiro samedicino
daxmarebis gaweviT.
xudobini ruseTis winaaRmdeg (2006w.)
95. ... sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom ganmcxadebels ar gaewia saWiro samedicino
daxmareba. TviT cixis saavadmyofoSi yofnis periodSi, is itanjeboda misi
janmrTelobis mdgomareobiT gamowveuli fizikuri travmisgan. rac Seexeba
fsiqikur efeqtebs, mas unda scodnoda, rom yovel wuTs igi gadaudebeli
samedicino momsaxurebis saWiroebis winaSe idga, rasac SeiZleba Zalze mZime
Sedegebi
gamoewvia;
xolo,
saTanado
samedicino
momsaxureba
misTvis
xelmisawvdomi ar iyo. (ix. zemoT paragrafi 29 da misi momdevno paragrafebi).
cixis administraciam uari uTxra ganmcxadebels saTanado samedicino
daxmarebis rogorc adgilze, ise sxva wyaroebidan miRebazec (ix. paragrafi 27
zemoT); rasac
ganmcxadebelSi
unda
gamoewvia
mniSvnelovani
xarisxis
SeSfoTeba.
96. ufro metic, ganmcxadebeli daavadebuli iyo mwvave imunodeficitis virusiT
da mZime sulieri avadmyofobiT. dakavebis yofnisas, ganmcxadeblis SiSi am
avadmyofobebis garTulebasTan dakavSirebiT, kidev ufro zrdida aseT
safrTxis arsebobas. am garemoebebSi, kvalificiuri da drouli samedicino
daxmarebis ararseboba da aseve xelisuflebis uari misi janmrTelobis
mdgomareobis damoukidebel samedicino gamokvlevaze, qmnida daucvelobis iseT
Zlier SegrZnebas Tanamdev fizikur tkivilebTan erTad, rom mopyroba Rirsebis
Semlaxav mopyrobas uTanabrdeboda me-3 muxlis gagebiT.
5.5.1.5 dakavebulTa intimuri Cxreka
ivanCuki poloneTis winaaRmdeg (2001w.), paragrafi 59
59. garda amisa, marTalia, gaSiSvlebul mdgomareobaSi Cxreka SeiZleba
aucilebeli iyos cixis usafrTxoebis an cixeSi areulobis Tavidan
asacileblad, magram igi unda Catardes Sesaferisi formiT. mocemul
SemTxvevaSi, cixis guSagebi sityvier Seuracxyofas ayenebdnen da dascinodnen
ganmcxadebels. maTi saqcieli gamiznuli iyo ganmcxadebelSi damcirebisa da
arasrulfasovnebis grZnobebis gamowvevisaken. sasamarTlos azriT, es saqcieli
warmoadgenda
upativcemulobas
ganmcxadeblis
adamianuri
Rirsebisadmi.
vinaidan, es mopyroba gamoyenebuli iyo ganmcxadeblis mimarT im specialuri
RonisZiebebis farglebSi, romlebic SemoRebuli iyo vroclavis cixeSi
winaswar patimrobaSi myofi pirebisTvis da imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom
© interights 2007
sasamarTlosTvis ar warudgeniaT damajerebeli dasabuTeba aseTi RonisZiebebis
arsebobis saWiroebisTvis, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSi,
aRniSnuli saqcieli, romelic amcirebda da akninebda gancmxadebels,
warmoadgenda me-3 muxlis sawinaaRmdego Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas.
valasinasi litvis winaaRmdeg (2001w.), paragrafi 117
117. sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom, marTalia, SiSvel mdgomareobaSi Cxreka SeiZleba
aucilebeli iyos cixis usafrTxoebis an cixeSi areulobis an danaSaulis
Tavidan asacileblad, magram igi unda Catardes Sesaferisi formiT.
ganmcxadeblisTvis qalis TandaswrebiT gaSiSvlebis iZuleba, da amis Semdgom
mis sasqeso organoebze da sakvebze SiSveli xelebiT Sexeba warmoadgenda
aSkara upativcemulobis gamoxatvas ganmcxadeblis mimarT da amcirebda mis
adamianur
Rirsebas.
es
procesi
masSi
datovebda
tanjvisa
da
arasrulfasovnebis iseT grZnobas, rasac SeeZlo misi damcireba da pativis
Selaxva. amdenad, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom 1998 wlis 7 maiss Catarebuli Cxreka
uTanabrdeboda damamcirebel mopyrobas konvenciis me-3 muxlis gagebiT.
5.5.2
diskriminacia, rogorc Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis forma
kviprosi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2001w.), paragrafebi 307-310
307. am mosazrebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo saWirod Tvlis, SeniSnos,
rom gaeros generalurma mdivanma Tavis 1995 wlis 10 dekembris, “karpasis
reziumeTi” cnobil qveynis mimdinareobis amsaxvel angariSis Tanaxmad:
UNfiCYP-is mier karpaseli berZeni kviproselebis cxovrebis pirobebis Sesaxeb
Catarebulma kvlevam daadastura, rom isini iyvnen Zalze mkacri akrZalvebis
msxverplni, rac gamoixateboda ZiriTadi Tavisuflebebis ganxorcielebis Zalze
mkacr SezRudvaSi da ganuxrelad mimarTuli iyo iqiTken, rom droTa
ganmavlobaSi es sazogadoeba Sewyvetda arsebobas. generalurma mdivanma
ganacxada, rom berZen kviproselebs xelisuflebis organoebi ar aZlevdnen
uZravi qonebis naTesavebisTvis memkvidreobiT gadacemis SesaZleblobas, Tundac
es uaxloesi naTesavebi yofiliyvnen, garda im SemTxvevisa, Tu es ukanaknelnic
CrdiloeT nawilSi cxovrobdnen. CrdiloeT nawilSi ar iyo saSualo skolebi,
xolo berZen kviprosel bavSvebs, romlebic swavlas irCevdnen samxreT nawilSi
mdebare saSualo skolebSi, ar aZlevdnen CrdiloeT nawilSi cxovrebis
uflebas 16 wlis asakis (mamrobiTi sqesis bavSvebis SemTxvevaSi) da 18 wlis
asakis (mdedrobiTi sqesis bavSvebis SemTxvevaSi) miRwevis Semdeg.
308. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom “karpasis reziumeSi” mocemuli humanitaruli
kvleva exeboda 1994-1995 wlebis periods, rac emTxveva winamdebare ganacxadSi
miTiTebul saCivrebSi aRniSnul dros. sasamarTlo ixsenebs, rom gaeros
generaluri mdivnis angariSSi aRniSnuli sakiTxebi, sasamarTlos dakvirvebiT,
iZleva safuZvels davaskvnaT, rom adgili hqonda berZeni kviproselebis
anklavis konvenciuri uflebebis darRvevas. sasamarTlo damatebiT aRniSnavs,
rom am sazogadoebis wevrebis gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebis SezRudva uxeSad
xels uSlis piradi da ojaxuri cxovrebis uflebisa da religiis
aRmsareblobis uflebis ganxorcielebas. aqedan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo
adgens, rom am TvalsazrisiT darRveulia konvenciis me-8 da me-9 muxlebi.
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309. sasamarTlos ganmartebiT, karpaseli berZeni kviproselTa sazogadoebis
wevrebis mimarT zemoaRniSnuli akrZalvebi swored imis gamo xorcieldeboda,
rom isini sazogadoebis swored am nawils ekuTvnodnen. miTiTebul periodSi,
maTdami aseTi damokidebulebis arseboba SeiZleba aixsnas im damaxasiaTebeli
niSnebis
arsebobiT,
romlebiTac
isini
Turqi
kviproselebisgan
gansxvavdebodnen, kerZod – eTnikuri warmomavlobis, rasisa da religiuri
niSnebiT. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifo axorcielebs
politikas, romelic efuZneba sazogadoebebs Soris dialogis farglebSi
bizonalur da or-sazogadoebriobis principebs. mopasuxe saxelmwifos mier am
principebis ganuzreli dacva imaSic gamoixata, rom karpasel berZen
kviproselebs uwevT izolaciis, gadaadgilebis SezRudvis, kontrolisa da
sazogadoebis ganviTarebis aranairi perspeqtivis pirobebSi. pirobebi Tavisi
bunebiT damamcirebelia da am mosaxleobis wevrebis mimarT adamianuri Rirsebis
pativiscemis cnebas arRvevs.
310. sasamarTlos azriT, gamoyenebuli diskriminaciuli mopyroba aRwevs
sisastikis im xarisxs, romelic Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis arsebobisTvis
aucilebel moTxovnas warmoadgens.
moldovani da sxvebi rumineTis winaaRmdeg (2005w.), paragrafi 111
111. ganmcxadeblebis saCivrebis ganxilvisas, xelisuflebis organoebis mier
wamoyenebuli dausabuTebeli SeniSvnebi ganmcxadeblebis gulwrfelobasa da
cxovrebis wesTan dakavSirebiT (ix. samoqalaqo da sisxlis samarTlis
sasamarTloebis gadawyvetilebebi da qalaq Cetanis meris mier gakeTebuli
gancxadebebi, paragrafebi 44, 66 da 71 zemoT) pirdapir diskriminaciad unda
CaiTvalos. amasTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom rasobrivi niSniT
diskriminacia
TavisTavad
SeiZleba
Rirsebis
Semlaxav
mopyrobas
uTanabrdebodes (ix. aRmosavleT afrikeli azielebi gaerTianebuli samefos
winaaRmdeg, komisiis angariSi, 1973 wlis 14 dekemberi, DR 78, gv. 5, paragrafi 62).
amdenad, aRniSnuli SeniSvnebi mxolod damamZimebel garemoebebad unda
CaiTvalos konvenciis me-3 muxlis safuZvelze ganmcxadeblebis saCivris
ganxilvisas.
smiti da greidi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1999w.), paragrafi 121
121. sasamarTlom zemoT ganmarta, ratom miaCnia mas, rom Catarebuli gamoZieba
da ganmcxadeblebis samsaxuridan daTxovna, Tavdacvis saministros zogad
politikasTan erTad, gansakuTrebiT rTuli xasiaTisa iyo. amasTanave,
sasamarTlo
ar
gamoricxavs,
rom
mopyroba,
romelic
dafuZnebulia
zemoaRniSnuli
xasiaTis
winaswar
Camoyalibebul
mikerZoebaze
heteroseqsualuri
orientaciis
umravlesobis
mxridan
homoseqsualuri
umciresobis mimarT, principSi, SeiZleba moxvdes me-3 muxlis moqmedebis
sferoSi.
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5.5.3
soflebisa da saxlebis ganadgureba
bilgini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2000w.), paragrafebi 99 da 102
99. komisiam daafiqsira konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRveva imis gamo, rom
ganmcxadeblis qonebis dazianeba da misi saxlis dawva warmoadgenda Zaladobis
aqts mimarTuls ganmcxadeblis usafrTxoebisa da keTildReobis sruli
ugulebelyofisken; Sedegad, ganmcxadebeli Tavis ojaxTan erTad darCa
usaxlkarod, ramac masSi didi tanjva da mwuxareba gamoiwvia. amasTan
dakavSirebiT, komisiam miuTiTa ganmcxadeblis pirovnebis Sesaxeb delegatebis
StabeWdilebaze; kerZod, maT daaxasiaTes ganmcxadebeli rogorc moridebuli
da ubralo adamiani, romelzec materialurma zaralma mZime zegavlena iqonia,
radgan man dakarga saarsebo saSualeba.
102. komisias ar gaukeTebia raime daskvnebi ganmcxadeblis saxlisa da qonebis
ganadgurebis motivebTan mimarTebaSi. magram, Tundac aRniSnuli qmedebebi
ganmcxadeblis dasjas ar isaxavda miznad, aramed sxva pirebis ganzraxvebis
aRkveTas an teroristebis mier ganmcxadeblis saxlis gamoyenebisTvis
xelSeSlas, es mainc arasaTanado mopyrobis gamarTlebad ver CaiTvleba.
5.5.4
sikvdiliT dasja
ojalani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (2003w.), paragrafebi 194-204 da 207 (miTiTebuli
didi palatis gadawyvetilebaSi)
194.
sasamarTlo
ganmeorebiT
aRniSnavs,
rom
evropis
sabWos
wevri
saxelmwifoebis sisxlis-samarTlebriv politikaSi momxdari cvlilebebi da
farTod damkvidrebuli standartebi mxedvelobaSia misaRebi, rodesac esa Tu
is mopyroba an dasja SeiZleba CaiTvalos araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxav
mopyrobad me-3 muxlis miznebisTvis. miTumetes, rom me-3 muxliT gansazRvrulma
cnebebma mniSvnelovani cvlileba ganicades 1950 wels, konvenciis ZalaSi
Sesvlisa da sasamarTlos mier 1989 wels saqmeze sioringi gaerTianebuli
samefos winaaRmdeg gadawyvetilebis gamotanis Semdeg.
195. aseve, sasamarTlo SeniSnavs, rom sikvdiliT dasjasTan dakavSirebiT
arsebulma
samarTlebrivma
midgomam
mniSvnelovani
evolucia
ganicada
sioringis saqmis Semdeg. am saqmeze 1989 wels gamotanil gadawyvetilebaSi
miTiTebul ocdaor xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoSi sikvdiliT dasjis de faqto
gauqmeba de iure gauqmebad iqca ormocdaoTxidan ormocdasam xelSemkvrel
saxelmwifoSi – maT Soris, mopasuxe saxelmwifoSi; xolo darCenil erTaderT
saxelmwifoSi, ruseTSi, sadac jer es sasjeli ar gauqmebula, moratoriumia
gamocxadebuli. evropaSi mSvidobis pirobebSi sikvdiliT dasjis TiTqmis
sruli gauqmeba gamoixata imaSic, rom yvela xelSemkvrelma saxelmwifom me-6
oqms moawera xeli da ormocdaoTxma maTganma misi ratificireba moaxdina, e.i.
yvelam TurqeTis, somxeTisa da ruseTis garda. evropis sabWoc axali wevri
saxelmwifoebisgan moiTxovs sikvdiliT dasjis gauqmebas, rac maTi sabWoSi
gaerTianebis erT-erT winapirobad SeiZleba CaiTvalos. aseTi cvlilebebis
Sedegad,
evropis
sabWos
wevri-saxelmwifoebis
teritoria
faqtobrivad
sikvdiliT dasjisgan Tavisufal zonad iqca.
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196. es mniSvnelovani saxecvlileba mianiSnebs xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoTa
urTierSeTanxmebaze gaauqmon an, sul cota Secvalon me-2 muxlis pirveli
punqtis me-2 winadadeba, vinaidan ukve yvela xelSemkvrelma saxelmwifom xeli
moawera me-6 oqms da ormocdaerTma maTganma moaxdina misi ratificireba.
saWiroa Tu ara im sami saxelmwifos dalodeba, vidre isini me-6 oqmis
ratificirebas moaxdenen, imisaTvis rom me-2 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli
sikvdiliT dasjis gamonaklisma norma modificerebulad CaiTvalos. SeiZleba
iTqvas, rom mSvidobis dros sikvdiliT dasja dasjis araadamianur formad Tu
ara miuRebel sasjelad mainc iTvleba, romelic aRar daiSveba me-2 muxliT.
197. sasamarTlosTvis cnobilia me-13 oqmis xelmosawerad gaxsnis Sesaxeb,
romlis mixedviTac, sikvdiliT dasjis gauqmebis politikis ganxorcielebis
gzaze, xelSemkvrelma saxelmwifoebma airCies konvenciis teqstSi cvlilebis
Setanis tradiciuli meTodi. amasTan, es oqmi sikvdiliT dasjas yvela
garemoebaSi auqmebs – anu rogorc mSvidobis, ise omis dros. es bolo nabiji
sikvdiliT dasjis sruli gauqmebisaken SeiZleba CaiTvalos xelSemkvreli
saxelmwifoebis praqtikiT damkvidrebul sasjelis gauqmebis tendenciad.
198. sasamarTlos azriT, momxdari ganviTarebebis fonze, ar aris gamoricxuli,
rom saxelmwifoebi TavianTi praqtikis ZaliT ukve SeTanxmdnen me-2 muxlis
pirveli punqtis meore winadadebis Secvlis Taobaze im nawilSi, romliTac igi
mSvidobis dros sikvdiliT dasjas uSvebs. amasTan, sikvdiliT dasjis
aRsruleba SeiZleba CaiTvalos me-3 muxlis sawinaaRmdego araadamianur da
Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobad. Tumca, qvemoT ganmartebuli mizezebis gamo,
Tundac me-2 muxli sikvdiliT dasjas uSvebdes, sasamarTlo konvencias
daarRvevad, Tu igi ukanono marTlmsajulebis Sedegad Sefardebul sikvdiliT
dasjis aRsrulebas daeTanxmeboda.
(b) arasamarTliani samarTalwarmoeba da sikvdiliT dasja
199. sikvdiliT dasjis me-2 da me-3 muxlebTan Sesabamisobis ganxilvisas,
sasamarTlom mxedvelobaSi unda miiRos xelSemkvreli saxelmwifoebis midgoma
sikvdiliT dasjis gauqmebis sakiTxisadmi. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, sasamarTlo
sikvdiliT dasjas dasaSvebad miiCnevs zogierT garemoebebSi.
200. rogorc sasamarTlom me-3 muxlis konteqstSi miuTiTa, sikvdiliT dasjis
dakisrebis an aRsrulebis forma, msjavrdebulis piradi garemoebebi da
Cadenil danaSaulTan Seusabamoba, agreTve dakavebis pirobebi sasjelis
aRsrulebis molodinSi, is faqtorebia, romelTa gamoc msjavrdebuli piris
mopyroba an dasja SeiZleba me-3 muxlis akrZalvis sferoSi moxvdes.
201. me-2 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli sicocxlis ufleba iTvleba ra konvenciis
erT-erT yvelaze fundamentur normad, romlidanac gadaxveva me-15 muxlis
ZaliT mSvidobis periodSic dauSvebelia da asaxavs evropis sabWos
Semadgeneli demokratiuli sazogadoebebis erT-erT ZiriTad Rirebulebas, misi
debulebebi da miT umetes me-2 muxlis meore winadadeba viwrod unda
ganimartos.
202. me-2 muxli romc iTvaliswinebdes sikvdiliT dasjas, sasamarTlos miaCnia,
rom sikvdiliT dasjis gamoyenebiT sicocxlis TviTneburi warTmeva ar
daiSveba. es gamomdinareobs moTxovnidan, rom “yvelas sicocxlis ufleba
daculi unda iyos kanoniT”. konvenciis mixedviT, TviTneburi qmedeba kanonierad
ver CaiTvleba.
© interights 2007
203. me-2 muxlis pirveli punqtis Tanaxmad, sicocxlis warTmeva unda moxdes
“sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebis” Sedegad; evropis sasamarTlos
precedentuli
samarTali
gansazRvravs,
rom
sasjelis
Semfardebeli
“sasamarTlo”
unda
iyos
damoukidebeli
da
miukerZoebeli
sisxlis
samarTalwarmoebis yvela etapze, pirveli instanciisa da zemdgomi instanciebis
CaTvliT, daculi unda iyos samarTlianobis mkacri standartebi. sikvdiliT
dasjis aRsrulebas vianidan Seuqcevadi xasiaTi aqvs, misi sisruleSi moyvana
iseTi formiT unda moxdes, romelic gamoricxavs sicocxlis TviTneburad da
ukanonod warTmevas.
daskvnis saxiT, me-2 muxlis pirveli punqtis moTxovna, rom sasjeli unda iyos
“kanoniT
gaTvaliswinebuli”,
niSnavs
ara
mxolod
imas,
rom
Sidasaxelmwifoebriv
samarTalSi
arsebobdes
am
sasjelis
Sefardebis
safuZveli, aramed imasac, rom kanonis moTxovnac unda iyos daculi; kerZod,
samarTlebrivi safuZveli unda iyos “xelmisawvdomi” da “gaTvaliswinebadi” ise,
rogorc es damkvidrebulia sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTliT.
204. me-2 muxlis zemoaRniSnuli ganmartebidan gamomdinareobs, rom ukanono
samarTalwarmoebsi Sedegad piris mimarT sikvdiliT dasjis aRsruleba,
dauSvebelia.
207. sasamarTlos azriT, pirisTvis ukanono samarTalwarmoebis Sedegad
sikvdiliT dasjis Sefardeba niSnavs am adamianSi sasjelis aRsrulebis SiSis
aramarTlzomierad gamowvevas. sikvdiliT dasjiT gamowveuli SiSi da
gaurkvevloba, rodesac arsebobs misi sisruleSi moyvanis realuri albaToba,
adamianSi iwvevs mniSvnelovan tanjvas. aseTi tanjva gamowveulia ukanono
sasamarTlo ganxilvis Sedegad sasjelis aRsrulebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebiT,
romelic, konvenciis Tanaxmad ukanonod iTvleba, vinaidan adamianis sicocxle
dgas sasworze. xelSemkvreli saxelmwifoebis mier sikvdiliT dasjis gauqmebis
gamo, romelic demokratiul sazogadoebaSi marTlzomierad aRar miiCneva,
aseTi sasjelis Sefardeba TavisTavad araadamianuri mopyrobis formad unda
CaiTvalos.
© interights 2007
saqmeebis CamonaTvali
a gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacxadis #100/1977/844/1096, 1998 wlis 3
seqtemberi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1, 55
abdulazisi, kabalesi da balkandali gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg
(ganacx. #15/1983/71/107-109, 1985 wlis 24 aprili) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
abdulsamet iamani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacxadis #32446/96, 2004 wlis 2
noemberi). . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .40
afanasievi ukrainis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #38722/02, 2005 wlis 5 aprili). . . 40
axmedi avstriis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #25964/94, 1996 wlis 17 dekemberi). . . . 49, 75
akdenizi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #25165/95, 2001 wlis 31 maisi). . . . . . 22
akumi da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #21894/93, 2004 wlis 24 marti). . .
33
aqsoi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #21987/93, 1996 wlis 19 dekemberi). . . . .. 2, 9,
22, 60
alveri estoneTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #64812/01, 2005 wlis 8 noemberi). . . . . . . 25
amegnigani niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #25629/04, 2004 wlis 25 noemberi). .
. .52
arcila henao niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #13669/03, 2003 wlis 24 ivnisi). .
. 52
asenovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #24760/94, 1998 wlis 28 oqtomberi). . .
.56, 60
aidini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #23178/94, 1997 wlis 25 seqtemberi). . . . . .4,
8, 39, 56, 60
baderi da sxvebi SvedeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #13284/04, 2005 wlis 8 noemberi). .
. .46
balogi ungreTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #47940/99, 2004 wlis 20 ivlisi). . . . .. . . 14
bati da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #33097/96, 57834/00, 2004 wlis 3
ivnisi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. … . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
bazorkina ruseTis federaciis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #69481/01, 2005 wlis 8
dekemberi). . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .18
becievi moldoveTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #9190/03, 2005 wlis 4 oqtomberi). . . . . .
26
bekosi da kutropulosi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #15250/02, 2005 wlis 13
dekemberi). . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .21
bensaidi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #44599/98, 2001 wlis 6
Tebervali). . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
berqTai TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #22493/93, 3002 wlis 1 marti). . . . . . . . . .
19, 38
berlinski poloneTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #27715/95, 329/96, 2002 wlis 20 ivnisi). .
. . 5, 40
bilgini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #23819/94, 2000 wlis 16 noemberi). . . . . . .
20
bursuki rumineTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #42066/98, 2004 wlis 12 oqtomberi). . . .. 11
© interights 2007
kakiCi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #23657/94, 1999 wlis 8 ivlisi). . . . . . . . 10,
18
kempbeli da kozansi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (1982) (ganacx. #7511/76,
1982 wlis 25 Tebervali). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .17
kenbaueri xorvatiis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #73786/01, 2006 wlis 9 marti). . . . . . . .42
Caxali gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #22414/93, 1996 wlis 15
noemberi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2,
49
kostelo-robertsi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #13134/87, 1993
wlis 25 marti). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1,
4
kviprosi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (komisiis angariSi, 1976 wlis 10 ivlisi). . . . . . 44
d gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #3024/9, 1997 wlis 2 Tebervali). . .
.2, 51
dikme TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #20869/92, 2000 wlis 22 ivlisi). . . . . . . .. 59
dugozi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #4907/98, 2001 wlis 6 marti). . . . . . . .26
dragani da sxvebi germaniis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #33743/03, 2004 wlis 7
oqtomberi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
aRmosavleT afrikeli azielebi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (komisiis
angariSi, 1973 wlis 14 dekemberi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
elCi da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #23145/93, 2003 wlis 13 noemberi). .
.8, 11
faSkami gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #17341/03, 2004 wlis 22
ivnisi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . .47
fedotovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #5140/02, 2005 wlis 25 oqtomberi). . . . .
.40
g.b. bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #42346/98, 2004 wlis 11 marti). . . . . . . . . . 36
gelfmani safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #25875/03, 2004 wlis 14 dekemberi). . . .
.. . 6, 28
saberZneTis saqme (komisiis angariSi, 1969 wlis 5 noemberi). . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3, 9
h.l.r. safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #24573/94, 1997 wlis 29 aprili). . . . . .. 51
hasan ilxani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #22494/93, 2004 wlis 9 noemberi. . . .
20
henafi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #65436/01, 2003 wlis 27 noemberi). . . . . .
26
hercegfalvi avstriis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #10533/83, 1992 wlis 24 seqtemberi). . .
30
hilali gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #45276/99, 2001 wlis 6 marti).
. . . .43
hulki gunesi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #28490/95, 2003 wlis 19 ivnisi). . . .. 14
hutardo Sveicariis winaaRmdeg (komisiis angariSi, 1994 wlis 26 ianvari). . . . 28
ilaSku da sxvebi moldoveTisa da ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #48787/99, 2004
wlis 8 ivlisi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
ilxani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #22277/93, 2000 wlis 27 ivnisi). . . . . . . . .
11, 59
indelikato italiis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #31143/96, 2001 wlis 18 oqtomberi). . . .
41
© interights 2007
iorgovi bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #40653/98, 2004 wlis 11 marti). . . . . 36
irlandia gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #5310/71, 1978 wlis 18
ianvari). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 17, 21, 22,
40, 44
ivanCuki poloneTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #25196/94, 2001 wlis 15 noemberi). . . . . .
32
jabari TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #40035/98, 2000 wlis 11 ivlisi). . . . . . . .50
jaloxi germaniis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #54810/00, 2005 wlis 23 noemberi). . . . . .16,
80
kalaSnikovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #47095/99, 2002 wlis 15 ivlisi). . . . . .
23
karaleviciusi litvis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #53254/99, 2005 wlis 7 aprili). . . . . .
26
kaia TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #22729/93, 1998 wlis 19 Tebervali). . . . . . . .59
xaSievi da akaieva ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #57942/00, 57945/00, 2005 wlis 24
Tebervali). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41, 58
xudobini ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #59696/00, 2006 wlis 26 oqtomberi). . . . .28,
81
xudoiorovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #6847/02, 2005 wlis 8 noemberi). . . . ..
24, 38
kmeti ungreTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #57967/00, 2003 wlis 16 dekemberi). . . . . . . .
.57
kudla poloneTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #30210/96, 2000 wlis 26 oqtomberi). . . . . .
5, 30
kurti TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #24276/94, 1998 wlis 25 maisi). . . . . . . . . . .
3, 18, 35
labita italiis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #26772/95, 2000 wlis 6 aprili). . . . . . . . . .
.2, 35, 41
labzovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #62208/00, 2005 wlis 16 ivnisi). . . . . . . . . .9
ilxani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #22277/93, 2000 wlis 27 ivnisi). . . . . . . . . ..
59
lopez-ostra espaneTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #16798/90, 1994 wlis 9 dekemberi). . . .
5, 7
m.s. bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #39272/98, 2003 wlis 4 dekemberi). . . . . . . . .
54
mamatkulovi da askarovi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #46827/99, 46951/99, 2005
wlis 4 Tebervali). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
martines sala da sxvebi espaneTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #58438/00, 2004 wlis 2
noemberi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . 57
matencio safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #58749/00, 2004 wlis 15 ianvari). . . ..6,
30
meTiu niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #24919/03, 2005 wlis 29 seqtemberi). . . .
38, 40
meiziti ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #63378/00, 2005 wlis 20 ianvari). . . . . .. 24,
26
makglinCi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #50390/99, 2003 wlis 29
aprili). . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
© interights 2007
meneSeva ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #59261/00, 2006 wlis 9 marti). . . . . . . .13, 65
mentese da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #36217/97, 2005 wlis 18 ianvari). .
.. 20
mesina italiis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #25498/94, 2000 wlis 28 seqtemberi). . . . . .. 27
mikaievi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #77617/01, 2006 wlis 26 ianvari). . . . . . .10,
65
moldovani da sxvebi rumineTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #41138/98, 64320/01, 2005 wlis
12 ivlisi) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
moiseli safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #67263/01, 2002 wlis 14 noemberi). . . . 15
mobilanzila maieka kaniki mitunga belgiis winaaRmdeg (2006). . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,
16, 19
n fineTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #38885/02, 2005 wlis 26 ivlisi). . . . . . . . . . . . .48
narcisio niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #47810/99, 2005 wlis 27 ianvari). . . .
. . 6
ndangoia SvedeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #17868/03, 2004 wlis 22 ivnisi). . . . . . . ..52
nevmerJitski ukrainis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #54825/00, 2003 wlis 5 aprili). . . . . .12
novoselovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #66460/01, 2005 wlis 2 ivnisi). . . . . . .
.24
ntumba kabongo belgiis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #52467/99, 2005 wlis 2 ivnisi). . . . .
.6
ojalani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #46221/99, 2005 wlis 12 maisi). . . . . . . .
.26, 27, 36
ognianova da Cobani bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #46317/99, 2006 wlis 23
Tebervali). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58, 78
ostrovari moldoveTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #35207/03, 2005 wlis 13 seqtemberi). .
. .25
p.m. ungreTis winaaRmdeg (komisiis angariSi, 1998 wlis 9 seqtemberi). . . . . . .31
pantea rumineTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #33343/99, 2003 wlis 3 ivnisi). . . . . . . . 55
poltoracki ukrainis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #38812/97, 2003 wlis 29 aprili). . . . 57
popovi moldoveTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #74153/01, 2005 wlis 18 ianvari). . . . . .. 4
praisi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #33394/96, 2001 wlis 4 ivlisi).
. . . 31
r.l. da m.-j.d safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #44568/98, 2004 wlis 19 maisi). . . .
.15
ramires sanCesi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #59450/00, 2005 wlis 27 ianvari).
. . . .2, 7
ranineni fineTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #20972/92, 1997 wlis 16 dekemberi). . . . . . .
26
rejani martineli italiis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #22682/02, 2005 wlis 16 ivnisi). . .
. .7
reboki sloveniis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #29462/95, 2002 wlis 28 noemberi). . . . . 40
ribiCi avstriis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #18896/91, 1995 wlis 4 dekemberi). . . . . . . .38,
69
rivasi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 59584/00, 2004 wlis 1 aprili). . . . . . . . .5, 15
rode daniis winaarmdeg (ganacx. # 69332/01, 2005 wlis 21 ivlisi). . . . . . . . . .. 27
romanovi ruseTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 63993/00, 2005 wlis 20 oqtomberi). . . . .
26
© interights 2007
saidi niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 2345/02, 2005 wlis 5 ivnisi). . . . . . 46
sakopulosi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 61828/00, 2004 wlis 15 ianvari). . . .
.. 29
salmani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 21986/93, 2000 wlis 27 ivnisi). . . . . . 9
selmouni safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 25803/94, 1999 wlis 28 ivlisi). . . .
.10
smiti da greidi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 33985/96, 33986/96,
1999 wlis 27 seqtemberi). . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .5, 7
sioringi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 14038/88, 1989 wlis 7
ivlisi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
sunali TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 43918/98, 2005 wlis 25 ianvari). . . . . . .39
tanisi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 65899/01, 2005 wlis 2 agvisto). . . . . . . 18
tanli TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 26129/95, 2001 wlis 10 aprili). . . . . . . .41
tampibilai niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 61350/00, 2004 wlis 17
Tebervali). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . 48
tomazi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 12850/87, 1992 wlis 27 agvisto). . . . .14,
39
tomiCi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 17837/03, 2003 wlis 14
oqtomberi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
toteva bulgareTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 42027/98, 2004 wlis 19 maisi). . . . . .4
taireri gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 5856/72, 1978 wlis 25
aprili). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3, 13,
21
valasinasi litvis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 44558/98, 2001 wlis 24 ivlisi). . . . . . 32
van der veni niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. #50901/99, 2003 wlis 4
Tebervali). . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . .32
venkadajasalarma niderlandebis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 58510/00, 2004 wlis 17
Tebervali). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 48
veznedaroglu TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 32357/96, 2000 wlis 11 aprili). . .
.56
vilvaraja gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 13163/87, 13164/87, 13165/88,
1991 wlis 30 oqtomberi) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .47
uiqsi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 9787/82, 1987 wlis 2 marti) .
. . . . . . .4
iurtasi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 25143/94, 27098/95, 2004 wlis 27 maisi)
. . . . . . . . . .6
z gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg (ganacx. # 29392/95, 2001 wlis 10 maisi). . . . .
. . . . 1, 55
© interights 2007
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© interights 2007

wamebis da araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi

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gakveTilis Tema veqtorTa Sekrebisa da veqtoris ricxvze

rom xma amoeRo... germaniaSi nacistebi rom komunistebs