erginhoca.com – YDS Reading Vocabulary Test
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erginhoca.com – YDS Reading Vocabulary Test
erginhoca.com – YDS Reading Vocabulary Test 44: Insulin Resistance The effect of obesity on insulin levels is particularly worrying. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, has many jobs, including delivering sugar to cells to provide them with energy. But inflammation and inappropriate fat storage may keep cells from responding properly to the hormone, causing so-called insulin resistance. This prompts the pancreas to pump out more and more of it. Eventually blood-sugar levels rise out of control and the patient develops diabetes. High levels of blood sugar can lead to blindness as blood vessels swell or grow on the retina; kidney disease as the body’s natural filters are overwhelmed; and loss of limbs because of damage to nerves and blood vessels. Excess insulin causes harm in other ways, too. People who are obese and diabetic are more likely to contract certain cancers and die from them. This may be because excess insulin supplies glucose to cancer cells, helping them replicate. Epidemiological studies confirm the hidden dangers of obesity. In a series of surveys of more than 200,000 American health workers since the 1970s, those who had gained 5-11kg over the period were up to three times as likely to have diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease as those who had kept their weight steadier. 1. It can be inferred from the passage that the prevalence of high blood sugar -----. a) increases the likelihood of getting permanent damage from subsequent conditions b) has the most profound impact on kidneys contrary to what was previously thought c) is a natural barrier that noticeably slows down the replication of cancer cells 2. effect of obesity obezitenin etkisi insulin level insülin seviyesi particularly worrying özellikle endişe verici produced by the pancreas pankreas tarafından üretilen deliver sugar to cells hücrelere şeker iletmek provide energy enerji sağlamak inflammation iltihap inappropriate fat storage uygunsuz yağ depolama respond properly to the hormone hormona uygunca karşılık vermek insulin resistance insülin direnci prompt pancreas to pump more of it pankreası daha fazla pompalamaya zorlamak blood-sugar level kan şekeri seviyesi rise out of control kontrolden çıkmak develop diabetes şeker hastalığını geliştirmek lead to blindness körlüğe yol açmak blood vessels kan damarları swell or grow on the retina retinada şişmek ya da büyümek kidney disease böbrek hastalığı overwhelmed natural filters aşırı çalışan doğal filtreler loss of limbs uzuv kaybı damage to nerves sinir hasarı excess insulin fazla insülin d) is likely to have insignificant effects on the overall health of the individual cause harm zarara sebep olmak e) is the prime cause of most types of cancer contract certain cancers belirli kanserlere yakalanmak It can be concluded from the passage that ----. supply glucose glükoz sağlamak a) the most effective solution against insulin resistance is employing a strict diet help them replicate çoğalmalarına yardımcı olmak confirm hidden dangers gizli tehlikeleri onaylamak series of surveys anket dizisi health workers sağlık işçileri high blood pressure tansiyon heart disease kalp hastalığı keep weight steady ağırlığı dengede tutmak b) obesity almost always has fatal consequences regardless of age and gender c) excess body weight may result in several health issues some of which are quite severe d) diabetes has become considerably more prevalent in modern societies e) keeping weight under control is quite challenging without determination Bu kaynak sadece bireysel çalışmalar için düzenlenmiştir. İletişim: [email protected] erginhoca.com – YDS Reading Vocabulary Test 44: Insulin Resistance Altı çizili kelimenin yerine kullanılabilecek olan eş anlamlı kelimeyi seçiniz. 3. Boşlukları aşağıda verilen kelimelerlenden en uygun olanlarla doldurunuz. Insulin resistance prompts the pancreas to pump out more and more of it. respond, overwhelm, deliver, replicate, contract a) impede b) hinder 7. In order not to ----- employees with excessive work, managers should create a schedule that contains sufficient break time. 8. Unless another group of researchers are able to ----- the findings of our study, it will unfortunately be considered invalid. 9. Plants immediately ----- to sunlight, as it is their only source of energy. c) compel d) curb e) deliver 4. Eventually blood-sugar levels rise out of control and the patient develops diabetes. a) initially 10. Logistics companies that regularly fail to ----- the goods on time will surely harm their reputation. b) ultimately c) comparatively d) apparently hidden, steady, eventual, inappropriate, excess e) obviously 5. High levels of blood sugar can lead to blindness as blood vessels swell or grow on the retina. a) account for b) bring about c) take off d) keep up with e) come up with 6. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, has many jobs, including delivering sugar to cells to provide them with energy. 11. Modern smartphones possess many ----- features that ordinary users are not even aware of. 12. A ----- income is the ultimate goal of most citizens who formerly experienced financial difficulties. 13. In almost any project, the ----- cost is usually much higher than the projections. 14. Casual behaviour is considered ----- in formal meetings where people do not know each other. Altı çizili kelimenin zıt anlamlısını seçiniz. 15. Inflammation and inappropriate fat storage may keep cells from responding properly to the hormone, causing so-called insulin resistance. a) supply a) inconveniently b) avoid b) haphazardly c) deprive d) deteriorate c) inadvertently d) indeliberately e) explode e) unintenionally Bu kaynak sadece bireysel çalışmalar için düzenlenmiştir. İletişim: [email protected] erginhoca.com – YDS Reading Vocabulary Test 44: Insulin Resistance Cevap Anahtarı 1) a 2) c 3) c 4) b 5) b 6) a 7) overwhelm 8) replicate 9) respond 10) deliver 11) hidden 12) steady 13) eventual 14) inappropriate 15) a Türkçe Çeviri Obezitenin insülin seviyesi üzerindeki etkisi özellikle endişe vericidir. Pankreas tarafından üretilen insülinin hücrelere şeker iletmek ve enerji sağlamayı içermek üzere bir çok görevi vardır. Fakat, iltihap ve uygunsuz yağ depolanması hücrelerin hormona düzgünce tepki vermesini engelleyebilir, bu da insülin direnci adı verilen duruma sebep olmaktadır. Bu pankreası gitgide daha fazla insülin pompalamaya zorlar. En nihayetinde kan şekeri seviyeleri kontrolden çıkar ve hasta şeker hastalığı geliştirir. Yüksek kan şekeri seviyesi retinadaki kan damarları şiştiğinden ya da büyüdüğünden körlüğe, vücudun doğal filtreleri aşırı yüklendiğinden böbrek hastalığına ve sinirler ile kan damarlarıına yönelik hasar yüzünden uzuv kaybına yol açabilir. Aşırı insülin başka zararlara da yol açabilir. Obez olan ve şeker hastalığına sebep olan insanların çeşitli kanserlere yakalanmaları ve ölmeleri daha olasıdır. Bu aşırı insülinin kanser hücrelerine glükoz sağlayıp kopyalanmalarına yardımcı olduğundan olabilir. Bilimsel çalışmalar obezitinin gizli tehlikelerini onaylıyor. 1970’lerden beri 200,000 Amerikan sağlık işçisi üzerinden uygulanan bir dizi ankette, dönem boyunca ağırlığını dengede tutanlara göre 5-11 kg alan kişilerin şeker, tansiyon ve kalp hastalığına yakalanma olasılığı 3 kata kadar daha olasıdır. Bu kaynak sadece bireysel çalışmalar için düzenlenmiştir. İletişim: [email protected]
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