çalışma raporu - Genel Maden İşcileri Sendikası
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çalışma raporu - Genel Maden İşcileri Sendikası
GENEL MADEN ĐŞÇĐLERĐ SENDĐKASI ÇALIŞMA RAPORU 10. OLAĞAN GENEL KURUL 4-5 Nisan 2015 Ekmek- Barış - Özgürlük “Kömür bütün Türkiye’yi ihya edecek bir servettir” “Zonguldak’ın derin toprakları altındaki servet-i madeniyye ne kadar kıymetli ise Zonguldak da bizim nazarımızda o kadar kıymetli bir vilayetimizdir” GENEL MERKEZ YÖNETĐM KURULU EYÜP ALABAŞ Genel Başkan SATILMIŞ ULUDAĞ Genel Başkan Yard. MUHARREM SARIÇAM Genel Mali Sekreter BEHZAT CĐNKILIÇ Genel Sekreter OSMAN TUTKUN Genel Teşk. ve Eğt. Sek. 9/10 Nisan 2011 - 4/5 Nisan 2015 KARADON ŞUBE Şube Başkanı Şube Sekreteri Şube Mali Sekreteri Şube Teşkilat Sekreteri ÜZÜLMEZ ŞUBE Şube Başkanı Şube Sekreteri Şube Mali Sekreteri Şube Teşkilat Sekreteri KOZLU ŞUBE Şube Başkanı Şube Sekreteri Şube Mali Sekreteri Şube Teşkilat Sekreteri ARMUTÇUK ŞUBE Şube Başkanı Şube Sekreteri Şube Mali Sekreteri Şube Teşkilat Sekreteri AMASRA ŞUBE Şube Başkanı Şube Sekreteri Şube Mali Sekreteri Şube Teşkilat Sekreteri Neşat CEBECĐ Adnan TISKA Seyfi ÖZKAYNAK Hamza AÇIKGÖZ Ergin CĐN Süleyman BEZĐR Orhan UZUN Erdoğan BOSTANCI Şaban KAPTAN Özcan KÖSE Tamer GÜVEN Ramazan ÖZDEMĐR Đsa MUTLU Ali EŞĐTMEZ Yılmaz ÇEVĐK Sedat CEBECĐ Hakkı ARSLAN Dursun KOÇ Celal VAKĐT Bülent GÜNASLAN MERKEZ SERVĐSLERĐ ŞUBE Şube Başkanı Niyazi AZAKLI Şube Sekreteri Metin AYAN Şube Mali Sekreteri Birol KUNDAKÇIOĞLU Şube Teşkilat Sekreteri Satılmış ÖZTÜRK MTA-ĐŞ ŞUBE Şube Başkanı Şube Sekreteri Şube Mali Sekreteri Şube Teşkilat Sekreteri DENETLEME KURULU Fehmi KAHVECĐ Ali KUZCUK Cemalettin AKYOL (Recep KÖSELER) Sadi DEYNEZ Hüseyin ERKOÇ Kamil GÖKÇEOĞLU Cüneyt ENGĐN DĐSĐPLĐN KURULU Soner SUSAM Enver GÜLŞEN Hakan KESKĐN Ali EGELĐ Adnan KÖROĞLU Ekmek- Barış - Özgürlük MADENCĐ FENERĐ SÖNMEYECEK GENEL KURUL GÜNDEMĐ DUYURU GENEL MADEN ĐŞÇĐLERĐ SENDĐKASI GENEL BAŞKANLIĞINDAN Sendikamız, 10.Dönem Olağan Genel Kurulunun 04 Nisan 2015 Cumartesi günü saat: 10.00’dan, 05 Nisan 2015 Pazar günü saat:17.00’ye kadar, Mithatpaşa Mahallesi Nizam Caddesi Şemsi Denizer Sokak No:9 Merkez/Zonguldak adresinde bulunan, Sendikamız Şemsi DENĐZER Konferans Salonun’ da aşağıdaki gündeme göre yapılmasına, Đlk toplantıda yeterli sayı sağlanamaması halinde ikinci toplantı, 11–12 Nisan 2015 Cumartesi- Pazar günleri aynı yer ve saatte aynı gündeme göre yapılacaktır. GÜNDEM: 1-Yoklama ve Açılış 2-Genel Başkanın Açış Konuşması 3-Divan Heyeti Seçimi 4-Saygı Duruşu 5-Konukların Takdimi ve Konuşmaları 6-Faaliyet Raporu, Mali Rapor, Denetleme Kurulu Raporu ve Yeminli Mali Müşavir Raporlarının görüşülmesi, 7-Kurulların Đbrası 8-Tüzük değişikliklerinin görüşülmesi ve karara bağlanması, 9- Gayrimenkul satış ve alımlarının görüşülmesi ile Yönetim Kuruluna yetki verilmesi, 10-Tahmini Bütçenin Görüşülmesi 11-Dilek ve Temenniler 12-Seçimler A) Sendika Yönetim Kurulu Asil Üyelikleri a)- Bir Genel Başkan b)- Bir Genel Başkan Yardımcısı c)- Bir Genel Sekreter d)- Bir Mali Sekreter e)- Bir Teşkilatlandırma ve Eğitim Sekreteri B) Sendika Yönetim Kurulu Yedek Üyeleri (Beş Yedek Üye) C) Sendika Denetleme Kurulu Üyeleri (Üç Asil, Üç Yedek) D) Sendika Disiplin Kurulu Üyeleri (Beş Asil, Beş Yedek) E) Üst Kurul ( TÜRK-ĐŞ) Delegeleri 13- Kapanış. øÇøNDEKøLER 6818Ğ 6D\ID %/0 7$5ð+( 6D\ID %/0 '1<$'$621'57<,/ 6D\ID %/0 ðĞð+$.9(=*5/./(5ð1ð .2580$9(*(/ðĞ7ð50(0&$'(/(6ð1'( 6(1'ð.$0,=,1$/,Ğ0$/$5, 6D\ID 75.ð<(ȃ'(7$Ğ.050$'(&ð/ðÞð %/0 75.ð<(ȃ'(7$Ğ.050$'(1&ð/ðÞð9( 77.ȃ1,162581/$5,9(=01(5ð/(5ð ðĞð6$Þ/,Þ,9(*9(1/ðÞð 6D\ID ðĞð6$Þ/,Þ,9(*9(1/ðÞð %/0 =21*8/'$..05+$9=$6,ȃ1'$ ðĞð6$Þ/,Þ,9(*9(1/ðÞð 0$'(1&ð/ð.(Þð7ð0ð9( $/,10$6,*(5(.(11/(0/(5 6D\IDǾ %/0 (Þð7ð0$/,Ğ0$/$5, 6D\ID %/0 723/86=/(Ğ0($/,Ğ0$/$5, 6D\ID %/0 6(1'ð.$/%ð5ð0$/,Ğ0$/$5, 6D\ID 1 SUNUù G¶QHPLQGH '¼Q\DȃGD E¶OJHPL]GH YH ¼ONHPL]GH ¶QHPOL GHßLğLPOHU YH JHOLğPHOHU\DğDQGñ ]HOOLNOH 2UWDGRßX ¼ONHOHULQGH \DğDQDQ JHOLğPHOHU KDON KDUHNHWOHUL YH L§ NDUñğñNOñNODULOH§DWñğPDODUE¶OJHPL]GHNLVL\DVLGHQJHOHULHWNLOHGL %¶OJHPL]GHNL HQHUML VDYDğODUñ Kñ] ND]DQñUNHQ GRPLQR HWNLVL\OH \D\ñODQ YH ¶Q¼ DOñQDPD\DQ§DWñğPDODU¼ONHVñQñUODUñQñGHßLğWLUGL<DğDQDQEXV¼UH§¼ONHPL]GHVRV\DO GHYOHWDQOD\ñğñQñQWRSOXPXQW¼PNHVLPOHULQHHJHPHQNñOñQPDVñJHUHNWLßLQLELUNH]GDKD RUWD\DNR\GX G¶QHPLQGH LWKDODWD YH ERU§ODQPD\D \¶QHOLN HNRQRPLN SROLWLNDODU ¶]HOOHğWLUPHJHOLUOHUL\OHGHVWHNOHQGLYHHNRQRPLGHQJHGHWXWXOPD\D§DOñğñOGñ ONHPL]LQ¼UHWLPHNRQRPLVLQGHQW¼NHWLPHNRQRPLVLQHG¶Q¼ğPHVLGDKDGDKñ]ODQGñ YHEXG¶QHPGHLWKDODWUHNRUODUñLOHGñğWLFDUHWD§ñßñYHFDULD§ñNUHNRUODUñNñUñOGñ ðğVL]OLN UDNDPODUñQñQ UHVPL LVWDWLVWLNOHUGH ELOH \¼NVHOGLßL YH \HQLGHQ §LIW KDQHOHUL UDNDPODUD JHOGLßL EX G¶QHPGH ¶]HOOHğWLUPHQLQ YH WDğHURQODğWñUPDQñQ ROXPVX] VRQX§ODUñ RUWD\D§ñNWñ 7¼UNL\H WDULKLQLQ HQ E¼\¼NLğND]DODUñQñQ \DğDQGñßñ EX G¶QHP §DOñğPDKD\DWñD§ñVñQGDQVRQGHUHFHVñNñQWñOñJH§WL 6HQGLNDODğPDQñQ ¶Q¼QH \HQL HQJHOOHU §ñNDUWñOGñ UJ¼WOHQPHGHQ X]DN §DOñğDQ \¼]ELQOHUFH HPHN§L D§OñN YH \RNVXOOXN VñQñUñ DOWñQGD Lğ VDßOñßñ YH J¼YHQOLßL ¶QOHPOHULQGHQX]DN§DOñğPDN]RUXQGDEñUDNñOGñ ñNDUñODQ \HQL \DVDODU ¶]HOOLNOH WDğHURQODğPD GHQLOHQ PRGHUQ N¶OHOLN G¼]HQLQLQ PH\GDQD§ñNDUGñßñVRUXQODUñ§¶]PHNWHQX]DNNDOGñ %X G¶QHPGH VDGHFH 77. 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